BOKUJfe'S   INTRODUCTION 


TO 


THE  STUDY  OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE 


PHILADELPHIA  :— PUBLISHED  BY  HOGAN  &  THOMPSON. 


Digitized  by  the  Internet  Archive 
in  2013 


http://archive.org/details/introductiontostOOboku 


AN 

INTRODUCTION 

TO  THE 

STUDY  OF   THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE, 

COMPRISING 
EXTRACTS  FROM  THE  BEST  GERMAN  PROSE  WRITERS, 

WITH 

AN  ENGLISH    INTERLINEAR    TRANSLATION, 
EXPLANATORY  NOTES, 

AND 

A  TREATISE  ON  PRONUNCIATION, 

AFFORDING  THE  MEANS  OF  A  READY  AND  ACCURATE  COMPARISON  OF 
THE  IDIOMS  OF  THE  TWO  LANGUAGES. 


BY  HERMANN  BOKUM, 

INSTRUCTOR    IN  THE    GERMAN   LANGUAGE   AND    LITERATURE   IN   THE 
UNIVERSITY    OF   PENNSYLVANIA. 


SECOND  EDITION,  CORRECTED  AND  IMPROVED. 


HOGAN  AND  THOMPSON,  139*  MARKET.  STREET. 

PITTSBURG,    PA. 

DAVID  M.  HOGAN. 
1832. 


Entered  according  to  the  Act  of  Congress,  in  the  year  1832,  by 
L.  Johnson,  in  the  Clerk's  office  of  the  District  Court  of  the  Eastern 
District  of  Pennsylvania, 


m 

JalifZ- 
*43 


PREFACE. 

A  conviction  that  in  the  works  already  published  in  this  country  for  the 
study  of  the  German  language,  a  sufficient  provision  of  elementary  books 
has  not  been  made,  induced  the  author  to  write  and  compile  this  work, 
which,  he  hopes,  may  serve  as  a  complete  introduction  to  the  study  of  the 
German  language. 

It  may  not  be  irrelavent  to  observe,  that  the  German  language  in  this 
country  is  generally  learnt  only  for  a  practical  purpose  ;  for  this  reason  the 
author  has  taken  care  to  enable  the  student  to  form  an  idea  of  the  peculiari- 
ties of  the  language  instead  of  making  him  spend  much  time  and  labor 
upon  grammatical  difficulties.  The  application  of  the  plan  pursued  in  this 
work  to  the  study  of  the  German  language  is  new,  yet  the  hope  may  be 
indulged  that  the  exertions  of  the  author  will  be  favorably  received,  since 
similar  publications  in  the  French  language  (by  Mr.  Bolmar)  and  even  in 
the  Ancient  languages  (by  Messrs.  Johnson  and  Walker)  have  met  with  a 
very  general  approval.  It  is  hardly  necessary  to  mention  that  the  manes  of 
the  unphilosophical  Hamilton  (indeed  the  mildest  epithet  which  may  be 
applied  to  his  literary  character)  can  not  claim  the  merit  of  having  afforded 
a  positive  help  in  the  execution  of  the  present  work,  though  the  author  is 
ready  to  acknowledge  that  very  valuable  improvements  have  been  suggested 
to  him  by  the  faults  of  the  gentleman  mentioned  above  and  of  his  worthy 
followers.  In  the  single  interlinear  translation,  which  has  been  thought 
sufficient,  the  English  idiom  has  been  added  to  the  literal  translation  of  the 
German  text,  and  the  student  is  thus  enabled  to  compare  continually  the 
different  structure  of  the  two  languages.  An  abridged  grammar,  which  in 
a  short  time  will  be  offered  to  the  public,  may  be  admitted  as  an  incon- 
trovertible proof,  that  the  author  can  not  be  considered  an  indiscriminate 
follower  of  Pestalozzi,  since  grammar  was  almost  entirely  disregarded 
by  him. 

The  author  would  feel  highly  satisfied  if  his  publication  should  become  a 
stimulus  to  a  more  minute  comparison  of  the  idiomatic  structure  of  the  two 
languages  and  to  a  careful  study  of  the  excellent  productions,  which,  ema- 
nating from  Cambridge,  have  been  greatly  conducive  to  a  more  general 
cultivation  of  German  literature. 


Philadelphia,  June  2, 1832. 


EXPLANATIONS. 

The  pure  German  text  is  reversed  in  the  first  140  pages,  and  provided  with 
a  literal  and  a  free  translation.  The  author  thought  an  inversion  necessary, 
since  otherwise  a  literal  translation  of  the  long  and  complicated  sentences, 
which  frequently  occur  in  the  best  German  writers,  would  have  been  in  many 
instances  utterly  unintelligible,  as  it  would  have  been  impossible  to  connect  the 
literal  and  the  free  translation ;  this  connection  the  author  thought  of  great 
importance,  because  it  enables  the  scholar  to  observe  and  compare  the  charac- 
teristic features  of  the  two  languages.  In  preparing  the  free  translation  the 
author  has  confined  himself  to  the  task  of  rendering  always  the  exact  mean- 
ing of  the  German  text. 

The  star,  when  fixed  to  a  word,  signifies  that  .such  word  is  the  literal  trans- 
lation of  the  German  text,  and  must  either  be  omitted  or  the  English  word 
added,  in  order  to  render  the  full  meaning  of  the  German  text.  For  instance 
page  141,  line  4,  the  sentence :  fo  ficht  cr  ntcht  tmmcr  cms,  is  reversed,  page 
5,  line  4r 

cr  cm$=ficf)t  ntcht  tmmcr  fo, 

*he  she  *out-looks  not    always  so, 

omitting  the  words  marked  by  a  star  : 

she  looks  not  always  so. 

The  parenthesis  denotes,  that  the  English  text  requires  an  addition  in  or- 
der to  render  the  full  meaning  of  the  German.     For  instance  page  6,  line  28 : 

fcctS    cr  u6cmmnt>en 

which  he  (had)    overturned. 

Sometimes  the  parenthesis  occurs  in  the  German  text,  because' there  an  ad- 
dition became  necessary  in  order  to  give  the  full  meaning  of  the  English 
sentence.     For  instance,  page  5,  line  14: 

fcantt  cr  gus(tummt)  _  unt>  a&mtnrart 

then   *hc  she  *on-*(takcs)     increases  and*oft-*takes  decreases. 

These  explanations  will  suffice  in  order  to  understand  the  simple  plan 
which  has  been  pursued  in  this  volume. 

The  pains  which  have  been  bcstoAved  upon  the  present  edition  induce  the 
author  to  indulge  in  the  expectation,  that  it  will  meet  with  as  favorable  a  re- 
ception as  the  first  has  experienced,  the  whole  of  which  was  sold  in  less  than 
three  months. 


INTRODUCTION 

TO   TIIE 

STUDY  OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE. 


Set  3Konb, 

THE  MOON. 

£>er  9ftonb  crt)o6    fid)  tm  Often,  unb  fcfywamm, 

The    moon  *raised  *himself  arose  in  the    east,     and       swam, 

roie      etn  feid)ter  D?ad)enf  in  bem  $Bieberfd)eine  be$  9(6enbroth§. 

*aslike  a    light        boat,       in  the      reflection      of  the  *evening-*red 

£>ie  .Svtnber  $ei<)ten  ihn         bem 

redness  of  the  setting  sun.    The  children  showed  *him  her  to  *the  their 

5Sater.  "  2£ie   fd)on   unb  §art     et       i|V  fagte^llhvin;  *nt 

father.    "  How  beautiful  and  delicate  *he  she  is,"    said    Allwin ;  u  *he 

au§4tci)t  ntd)t  immer  fo."   "£c     ift  trt  fetner      .^inbfyeit,"     5 

she  *out-looks  not  always  so."    "  *He  she  is  in    *his  her  childhood," 

erwieberte  ber  23ater.   "£t      roirb  road)fen  mit  jebem  %ao£t  unb 

answered  the  father.   "  *He  she  will      grow   with  every   day,    and 

fein      2id)t  wirb  ^unefymen,  6t§    cc       $ei$t    tie 

*his  her  light    will     *on-*take   increase,  until  *he  she  shows  *the  her 

gan^e  ttotte  <Sd)ei6e       un§.   23ietleid)t  2Bolfen  roerben  Oebeden 

whole   full      *orb     face  to  us.     Perhaps      clouds       will  cover 

thn        juroeiten,  unb  er  roirb  t>erI;uUen  fein      ?(n^efid)t. 

*him  her  sometimes,  and  *he  *will    *cover      *his  her      face      will  be 

%lad)  einicjer  3*it  er       roirb  cdmefymen  vtneber,  unb  10 

obscured.     After    some    time  *he  she  will     decrease       again,     and 

voerben  fteinetv     urn     §u  roerben  ein  t>ottfommene§  33itb   beS 

become  smaller,  in  order    to  become    a  perfect         image  of  the 

menfd)ltd)en  SefcenS."  "3d)  t>erftehe  nid)tfwa§   tu       memfV 

human         life."  "  I  understand  not  what*thouyou*meanest 

fagte  Sfyeobor.  "  O  \a,"  2(11  win  einsftef,  H  id)  weifs, 

mean,"  said  Theodore.    u  O  yes,"  Allwin  *in-*fell  rejoined,   M  I   know, 

nmS   bu        rcittjt  fftflcn!  $>er  $Renfd)  aud)  ju*(mmmt) 

what*thou  you  *  wilt  mean  to    say!    *The    man      also  *on-*(takes) 

unb  aOsnimmt;  '  (fianft  etne   3«tfatt<j  u6er  15 

increases  and   *off-takes,  decreases  ;  glitters  a  *time-*long  while  over 

A2 


6  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

ber  (£rbe,  bann  er  twrfcfyroinbetf  unb  tx>trt>  r-er&oram  im  ©rafce," 

the  earth,  then  he      disappears,     and      is       hidden    in  the    grave." 

"Unb  fcte  sfeolfen/  bie  t>erl>utten  ben^ftonb  $uwdUn'!"  fagte  bee 

"And  the   clouds,  which     cover      the  moon  sometimes  ?"   said  the 

S&ater.   "  3d)  weijs  nicfyt    '      §u  beuten  bie6,   (£3        ftnb  bie 

father.       "  I     know  not    (how)  to  explain  this.     *It  they   are    the 

Unfatfe,     t>k  6e$e$nen  bem93?enfd)en,"ber$ater  fortsfufjr; 

misfortunes, which    occur   to*the      man,"       the  father  *forth-*carried 

uhin  SeGen  tfl       nod;  fymroe<$e$ogett gl&ttyenb  unb  20 

continued ;     "  no       life    *is  has   yet      *away-passed  glittering    and 

fyeiter  uOcr  S>k  (£rbe,  jebc§  tyat  Qfyaht  feine  trufcen  Sage,  2(6er  bie 

serene  over  the  earth,  each  has     had      its       dim     days.      But  the 

SSBoffen  jiefyen  t>oril0ev  an  bem  unfd)u(bi<)en  unb  auten  93ienfc()eri/ 

clouds     pass  *beforeover  by   the     innocent       and    good        man, 

unb  bie  SKutye  feiner  ©ee(e  61ei6t  ongeftort.  Unb  aucfy       wenn 

antl  the  quiet  of  his    soul  remains  undisturbed.  And  *also  even  when 

enblid;  er  r>etfd)vmnbet  t>or  unferrt  2Cu$eiv  fo  er  od;t  nutyt  jju 

finally  he      disappears    before    our         eyes,    *so  he  *goes  *not  *to 

©runbe,  fonbern  frrafyfet  in  einer  anbern  @ea,enb  25 

*ground  is  not  destroyed,     but      radiates  in      an      other      region 

erunj  bauernb  unb  umjerdnbertid)." 

ever     lasting    and    unchangeable." 

9vtcfyter. 

Richter. 


S3itb  unb  3eirf)en  ijl  md)t  ba§  SBefem 
Image  and    sign    is    not  the  essence, 

(Sine    ty  a  v  ab  t  L 
A  PARABLE. 

2C&         QHeranber,  ^MjtttppuS  ©ofyn>  war  $u    95afn;fon,  er 

*As  when  Alexander,      Philip's        son,     was  *to  at  Babylon,  he 

tiefj         einen  Sprtcfter  fommen  t)on  jebem    £anbe,     ba$    er 

*let  made    a        priest        come      from   every    country,   which  he 

ufcernmnben;  unb  tjerfammefte    fie    atfefamntt  in  feinem 

(had)    overturned,      and     assembled      them    altogether  in      his 


OF   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  7 

<Paffaf*e.     £)arauf   er  fe$te     fid)      auf   feinen  Sfyron,  unb 

palace.       Thereupon  he    sat    himself    upon      his      throne,   and 

fraflte   fie,  —  after  e3         war  cine  <jrof5e     3al;t    it;rer/>  —  30 

asked  them,  —    but  *it  there  was      a     great    number  of  them,  — 

unb  er  fpracf) :    "  SOBofylan  faget    mir       if>r    erfennet     unb 

and   he    spoke :  "  Well         say     to  me  do  you  acknowledge  and 

tterefyret  cm  fyod)fte§  imjtcfyt&areS  2£efen?"        <Da  fie 

venerate      a    highest         invisible         being  ?"      *  There  then    they 

t)crneic]tert       ft  ct>        alfyumaf  unb    fpracfyen: 

bowed       themselves  *all-to-time    all  at  once,      and  spoke : 

a  3a."   Unb  ber  .^onio,  fra^te  wetter :    «  Sftlit  wUtym  D^amen 

"Yes."     And  the    king    asked  farther:      "With     which      name 

nennet  ifyr  baffelbe?"      £)arauf    ber  ^defter  au$        3'nbten  35 

name    you  the  same  ?"     Thereupon  the     priest    *out  from    India 

antwertete:    a  2£ir  nennen  cs  Q5rama,  ba$  !;ci§t  ba6  @rcf3e ;" 

answered :  "  We     name     it    Brama,    that  means  the     great ;" 

ber  ^rtefter  au$         terpen  :    a  2Bir  nennen  ees  Otmuh  ba$ 

the     priest      *out  from     Persia :         "  We     name     it   Ormus,     that 

fyetfjt    ba$      Urticbt ;"       ber    *prfejkc  aus  %ubaa : 

means     the     original  light ;"     the       priest      out  from      Judaea : 

h  3el)o»a  2Cbonat  bin  Xperrn,  ber     ba   i\tf  roar,  unb  wirb 

"Jehovah  Adonai      the      Lord,    who  *there    is,     was,     and    will 

fein."  Unb  fo  jeber  ^riejler  tyattt  cin  eigeneS  2£crf>    womit    40 

be."      And  thus  every     priest     had      an      own      word,   wherewith 

cr    Oermnnte    ba$    tyixfyfft    SBefert.      $)a  ber  £hn\$ 

he  denominated    the      highest       being.      *Thcrc   Then  the     king 

ercU'immte  in  fetnem  Xper$en,  unb  fprad)  t     a  %\)t  K;a6t  nur 

got  angry    in       his  heart,      and    spoke :         "  You    have  only 

(£tnen£errfcf)erunb^onia,.  <Bo  il;r  fottt  aucr;   fortan 

one         ruler      and  king.       So  you  shall  also  *forth-on  henceforth 

fya&en  nur  (Sinen  GJott.    3cu3  iffc  fdn  9?ame."      £>a 

have     only     one     God.        Zeus    is    his     name."      *There  Then 

tie  ^riefter  rourfcen  fefyr  fcetru&t  of)        ber  9vebe      be3    45 

the  priests  became  very   sad   on  account  of  the  speech  of  the 

ivonio/v  unb  fpracfyen :     a  Unfer  QSolf  nennt  tfyit    mit   btm 

king,      and      spoke:  "Our     people  names  him   with     the 

SJBorte/  ^*  wit  \)ak\x  ejenannt  t>on  3ua,enb  auf.    2£ie  fotfen 

word,  which  we     have     named    from    youth      up.       How   shall 


8  INTRODUCTION   TO  THE   STUDY 

wk  anbcrn  bas?"  %kt  tec  $£nfg    jurnte    nod)  mefyr.    £>a 

we  change   that  ?"      But   the  king     got  angry   yet    more.     Then 

ein  alter  2Beifer  mit  aniuem  £aupte  trat  t>orf    ein 

an    old      sage     with     gray         head    *trod  stepped  forward,  a 

Suramin,   ber   f>atte      6eajeitet     ifyn  nad)      Q3a6t;lon;  biefer  50 

Bramin,    who    had     accompanied   him*after  to   Babylon;      this 

an*\)vb,  unb    fprad) :      "  £)er  ^onia^    mem  Jperi> 

*on-raised    began,  and       spoke :  "  The       king,        my     master, 

ertaufce,      bag  ic^  mecje   reben   ju    ten    23erfammelten." 

may  permit,     that     I      may     speak     to      the  assembled." 

£>arauf    er   roanbte    fid)      §u  ben  ^priefrcrn   unb  fraa,te : 

Thereupon    he     turned   himself    to    the       priests,      and     asked : 

"  £>a§  t)immtifd)e    ©efrtm       beg    ^a^e§,  tie  Cuetfe     be3 

"  The      heavenly     constellation  of  the     day,      the       well     of  the 

trbifcfyen  2id)tfv  kmfyit  and)  6e»      (*ud)?"    $>ie  55 

earthly      light,    *shines  does   shine     also   *by  to    you  ?"        The 

^>riefter  wrneigten     fid)     attefammt,  unb  fprad)en :    u  3a." 

priests      bowed      themselves  altogether,     and      said :  "  Yes." 

£>a  ber  bramin  fra$te    fie    etnen  nad)  bem  anbem ;    "  ££ie 

Then  the    Bramin   asked  them      one     after   the     other:        "How 

nennet  %\)t    baffetoe  ?"    Unb  cin  3>egltd)er  nannte  ein  anbereS 

name    you    the  same  ?"     And  *an      each       named    an      other 

2£ort,  unb  ei^enen  *ftamen  feineS  SanbeS  unb  2>otfe§.    £>a 

word,    and    proper      name      of  his    country  and    people.     Then 

ber  fBtamm  fprad)  ju  bem  ^enicje :  u  ® otten  fie   nid;t  nennen  60 

the    Bramin     spoke  to    the     king:        "Shall     they     not     name 

fortan     ba$    ©efftrn      beg    SageS  mit  <jleid)em  2£orte? 

henceforth    the  constellation  of  the     day     with    the  same    word  ? 

£elio8  ift  fetn  *ftame»"    Q3ei  biefen  2Borten  ber  £onuj  roarb 

Helios    is    its     name."        At    these      words    the    king  became 

tjott   €d)aam  unb  fprad) :      "  Safjet    fie    einen    3eajtd)en 

full        shame      and      said:  "Let     them     *an  each 

gcfcraucfyen  fein  SOBort.    3d)  fefye  roofyf,   ba$   ba§  Q3i(b  unb 

use         his    word.         I      see      well,     that    the    image  and 

Setcfyen  ift  md)t  nod)  ba$  2Befen."  65 

sign     is    not     yet    the   essence." 

^rummad;er, 

Krummacher. 


OF   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  9 

2>te  %bbetiten. 

THE  ABDERITES. 

<£en    2C6beriten  mangefte  e$  niematS  an  roi§igen(Smfdtfen; 

*To  the  Abderites    wanted     *it    never      *on     witty        sallies; 

after  i\)vc  ©nf&ffe  patten  feiten  auf  tie  ($5e(ea,en!;eit,    wo     fie 

but  their    sallies      suited  seldom  *on  the     occasion,      where  they 

rourben  anqe&racfyt  ober  fa  men  erf?>  roenn  tie  (Mea,enf;eit 

were  *on-brought  made,    or      came    only,    when  the      occasion 

roar  ooroei.    ©ie  fpracfyen  mcO  aOer  tmmer  ofyne    §u  6etenfen 

was    past.       They    spoke     much,  but   always  without  *  to*  bethink 

ftct>     einen  SCugen&licf,   roaS   fie  roottten  fagert;  70 

bethinking  themselves  one       moment,      what  they    would       say, 

ober  rote  fie  roottten  fogerj  e&  IDie  naturticfje      Jofge      fyieoon 

or    how  they  would      say     it.     The    natural     consequence  thereof 

roar,  bag  fie     feiten   auftfyaten  ten   SSftunb,  ofyne   §u 

was,    that  they    seldom   *up*did     opened  the      mouth,  without  *to 

fao,en  erroas    2Ct6erne3.    Sum    tlmjlucf  tie 

say  saying  something     silly.      *To*the*misfortune  unfortunately  the 

ftylimme  @Jeroolmt;ett  erffretfte   ficf>   auf  ifyre  JpanMun^en,  tenn 

bad  habit        extended  *herself  on  their         actions,        for 

gemeinigfid)  fie   fdjfoffen   ten  ^dfio,  erjf,  roenn  ber  23oa,et  war  75 

usually      they   did  shut    the     cage  only,  when    the     bird      was 

entjTogen.    SM'e§     $u^o$  tt;nen    ten  SSorrourf      tec 

flown.         This  *to-brought  *to    on  them    the    reproach     of  *the 

Un&efonnenfyeit ;    after    tie  Chrfafyruna,   fteroie§,  tag  e$   ajna, 

inconsideratencss ;     but    *the    experience     proved,    that     it   *went 

tfynen   nidjt   ftefjer,    roenn  fie   ftefonnen       ficfy. 

happened    to  them  not      better,     when  they  deliberated  *themselves. 

©ie  madden  trgenb        etnen  fefyr  tummen  &txcid), 

(Whenever)  they     made      some  (thing)  *a     very    stupid     *stroke, 

(roefd)e§   jtemlid)    oft    &ea,e<mete)   fo  zh   6am   tmmer  bafyer>   80 

(which        rather     often   happened)  then  it    came    always    thence, 

roett    fie    roottten  macfyen  e$  gar  511  a,utf  unb   roenn     fie 

because  they    would      make      it  quite  too  good,  and  whenever  they 

fyielten  rccfyt         (ange  unb  ernfHtcfye  SBeratfyfcfyfagungen  in  ben 

held   *right  very    long    and    earnest  deliberations         in  the 


10  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

2Cngetegem>iten    tyre§    gemcinen  2Befen§,  fo 

affairs  of  their    ^common  *being     commmonwealth,  then 

man  fonnte  red)nen  ftd)er   barauf,    ta$  fie   nmrben  era,reifen, 

one    could      count     surely  thereupon,  that  .they    would      *seize 

tie  fd)led)tefft  unter  alien  mca,lid)en  (£ntfcb(ief,unam.    85 

take    tlie        worst        among      all        possible  resolutions. 

(£inmal        einsfiel  ifynen,    t>a$  eine   <Stabt  wit       2(6bera 

Once     (it)    occurred  to  them,  that     a        town     *as  like  Abdera 

muffe  Oillio,  haben    aud)    einen    fcfyonen    Q5runnen. 

*must*justly    ought  to   have       also         a         beautiful      fountain. 

<£r         fotlte        werben  Qefefct  in    bie  SDtftte   ifyres   ^rofen 

*He  (it)  *shou!d  was  to  be        put     into   the  middle  of  their    great 

§Dtarftpfa|e3,  unb  eine  neue  Sluflage  wmU  gemadbt         §ur 

market-place,    and     a     new       tax        was         raised    *to   for  the 

SBeftreitimo,    ber     ivcftctt.      €ie     lief5en     fcmmen  90 

defraying     of  the      costs.         They      *let         *come      sent    for 

cinen   6eriU;mten  33itbfyauer  Don  %tytnf      urn     $u 

a        celebrated  *image*hewer  sculptor  from  Athens,  in  order    to 

i>erfertio,en  eine  ©ruppe  »on  <£tatuen,  voeldje  uorjMte  ben  ®ott 

make         a       group      of     statues,    which  represented  the   god 

be$   90?eer3    auf   einem  2Baa,en  8*§o<jm  tton  »iet 

of  the      sea,      upon      a         *waggon   carriage    drawn      by     four 

(Seepferben  uma,e6en  mit  9h;mpben,  Xritonen  unb  £>elpfyinen. 

sea-horses  surrounded  with  nymphs,        tritons     and      dolphins. 

£>ie  (geepferbe  unb  £>elpbinen  follten  fyer»orfpri|en  eine  Sftenge     95 

The  sea-horses  and     dolphins    were  to  *  forwards-spout  *a    plenty 

SBaffer  au$    tyvw   9£afen. 

(of)  water      out  of  their  *noses. 

%bct  mic        SCtteS  ftunb        fertto,  fanb  fidv 

But  *as  when     all     *stood    was  ready*found*itself  it  appeared, 

ba$   ba    wax  faum  SOBaffer  genua,,     urn     ju  6efeud)ten  bie 

that  there    was  hardly     water    enough,  in  order  to     moisten     the 

(Rafe  eined  ehtyigtit  2>elpl)in§ ;  unb   alS  man  lief  bA$  2Getf 

nose     of  a      single      dolphin ;       and  when  one  made  the   work 

fpielen,  eS  au^fafy   nid)t  anberS,  alf>  o&  allc  biefe  ^eepferbe  unb  100 

play,     it  *out-looked  not  otherwise,   as  if   all  these  sea-horses  and 

2>elpfyine    fydttcn   ben   (gd)nupfem     Urn    nid)t   §u  werben 
dolphins        had    *the  (a)      cold.  In  order  not      to         be 


OP   THE   GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  11 

auSgcta^tr         alfo       fie  fiejjen  fcringen  bie  ganjc  ©ruppe 

*out-laughed  (at),  therefore  they  sent  the  whole     group 

in    \\)v     3mk#au$j  unb  fo         oft       man   roieS 

into    their    *stuff-house   arsenal ;  and  *so  (as)  often  (as)  one  showed 

folcfye  einem  ft-remben,  ber  2(uffel;er  be§    SeugfyaufeS  fcebauerte 

such    to  a       stranger,  the  inspector  of  the       arsenal       regretted 

fefyr  ernfttyaft  im   *ftamen  ber  (o6(id)en  ^tabt    2(&bera,  bag  105 

very  seriously  in  the    name  of  the  worthy    town  (of)  Abdera,  that 

fo      ein     fyerr(id)e§    ^unfiroerf  miiffe     fMei&en 

*so  such   a      magnificent     *artwork    work  of  art  must      remain 

un&raud)6ar  au$  ®axgi\)tit     ber     9?atur. 

useless       *out  from    stinginess  of  *the  nature. 

(Sin  anbermat     fie    erfyanbelten  cine  fel>r   fcfyone   QSenu§ 

An  other  time      they     purchased         a    very   beautiful  Venus 

Don  <S(fen6eiiv   tk    man  jdl;Ite  unter  tk  9J£etfrerrDetfe     be§ 

of        ivory,      which   one  counted  among  the   master-pieces  of*the 

*Praritele3.     (gic  war  uwjefdfyr  fitnf  $u{j  !;od>  unb  follte    110 

Praxiteles.       She    was       about        five      feet    high,    and    was  to 

werben  gejMt  auf  einen  SCItar  ber       2ie6e&jottin.     2(15   fie 

be        placed  upon    an    altar  of  the    goddess  of  love.  When  she 

roar  an^elarujt,  a,an$  2(6bera  gerietfy    in  (£nt$vicfen  uber     bk 

was      arrived,      whole  Abdera  got    into  (a)      trance     *over   at  the 

gefyonfyeit   ifyrer    23enu§  5   benn  t\z  2C6£eriten  §aUn      fid) 

beauty      of  their     Venus ;      for    the  Abderites  *gave  *themselves 

au§  fur  feine     tenner,    unb  fd)rodrmerifd)e 

*out*for  wanted  to  pass  as   fine   connoissseurs,  and      enthusiastic 

2ie6fya6er   ber      $tmffe.      <Sie   ijr    $u    fd)on,    riefen  fie    115 

lovers      of  the         arts.  She    is     too  beautiful,  cried   they 

einftimmio,      urn      ju  frefyen  an  einem  niefcrigm  ^Maf,  (Sin 

imanimously  *in  *order  to    stand    on       a  low        place.      A 

9J?eifterj}u<ff  i>a$    mad)t  fo  r-iete  (Sfyre    ber   <Stabf>  unb  fyar 

master-piece,  which  makes   so  much  honor  to  the    town,    and  has 

gefoftet  fo  met,  fann  nitfyt  roerben  aufoejMt  $u    l;od)j 

cost      so  much,   can     not        be       *up*put    placed  too    high; 

fie  muj?  fein  ba§  Grrfte,  roa§  fdttt  in  bie  2(uam 

she  must    be    the  first  (thing),  *what*falls*into  to  meet  the     eyes 

bem       ftremben    6cim    (Sintritt   in  2(&bera.    Sufolcje    120 

*to    of    the    stranger     at  the     entrance  into  Abdera.     According 


12  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

biefem  flludlicfyen  ©ebanfen  pe  frcftten  ta6  Heine  nieblid^e  33i(b 

to  this        lucky         thought    they     put     the  small      neat     image 

auf  eincn  Obtlift  t>on  ad)t(ya,  $uf$;  unb  roierooht  e§  roar  nun 

on       an     obelisk     of    eighty    feet;  and      although   it    was  now 

immogftd)  ju  erfennen,  roa6  e§  foltte  t>orftcttcnr 

impossible  to  recognize,  what  it  *should  was  intended  to  represent, 

fo  fic  bod)  notfyigten  oKe  ftremben  $u  Qejreben,  bajj  man  fonnte 

*sothey  yet      forced       all  strangers  to    confess,   that  one    could 

fefyen  nid)t§  2Sottfommenew&  125 

see    nothing     more  perfect. 

SBietanb. 

Wieland. 


2(u§  ©6'fye'S  (Sgmont. 

FROM  GCETHE'S  EGMONT. 
Sgmont.  —  2Bie  6eroeo,t  t»idE>  fo  tief    ba?>  Sd)idfa(  eineS 

Egmont.  —  How    moves    thee  so  deeply  the        fate        of  a 

fremben  9E)timne§  ? 

strange       man  ? 

$erbinanb.   —   %lid)t  frcmb !   £u  6ift  nid)t  frcmb  mir. 

Ferdinand.      —     Not      strange  !  Thou  art   not  strange  to  me. 

Gt*6  roar  bein  %lamt,  ber  entge^en  leud)tete  mir      ajtcid) 

It    was    thy    name   which  *against  *lighted      shone  to  me      like 

eincm  Stent    bes   $tmmet8.    SKSie    oft    fya&e  id)  <]el)ord)t,  130 

*to  a      star      of  *the   heaven.  How    often  have    I      listened, 

flefraflt,  nad)  bir.  Jpoffnuna,  bc3  ^inbes  ijl  ber 

*asked     inquired  after  thee.     (The)        hope    of  the    child    is  the 

Sunning,    be$    3iina,tin$§   ber    9)?ann.      So      bu     6ijl 

youth,      of  the        youth        the       man.  Thus     thou     *art 

l;ero,efd)ritten  t>or  mir;immer  \>ovr  unb  ofme  9?eib  id) 

*stepped      didst  walk  before  me ;  always  before,  and  without  envy  I 

fab  bid)  r-or         unb  fd)ritt  nad)  bir,  unb  fort  unb  fort 

saw  thee  before  (me)  and  stepped  alter  thcc,*and » on  *and  *on  continually. 


OF   THE    GERMAN    LANGUAGE.  13 

(£nblid)  id)  tyoffte  ju  fefyen  bid),  unb     faf)  bid),  unb  mcin^erj  135 

Finally     I     hoped  to     see    thee,  and  (I)  saw  thee,  and    my    heart 

floo,  enfyeom  bir.   3d)  \)atU  fcefjimmt  bid)  mir,  unb     rt-dfylte 

flew  towards   thee.      I    had     destined    thee  to  me,  and  (I)  did  choose 

bid)  auf  6  9?eue,  ba    id)  fa!)  bid).     9l\m  erji  id)  fyoffte 

thee  *on*the*new  again,  when    I   saw  thee.      Now   only    I  hoped 

$u  fein  mit  bir,  ju  le6en  mit  bit*,  $u      faflen      bid),  bid). 

to      be    with  thee,  to    live     with  thee,   to  comprehend  thee,  thee. 

2C(teJ>  bk§  ift  nun  rcea^efdynitten,  unb  id)  fehe  bid)  fyier. 

.  All    this    is  now         cut-off,  and    I    see  thee  here. 

(*a,m.  —  S&etn  ftttunb,  rcenn  e5  ftmn  wofyltfyun  140 

Egm.   —      My      friend,         if       it       can     *weh  *do    comfort 

bir,    fo   nimm  bie  2>erjld)eruncj,  ba§   im   erfien  2Cugen&(i<£ 

*to  thee,  then    take   the     assurance,      that  in  the    first    eyes  *Iook 

mem  ©emutl)  ento/o,en  6am    bir.       Unb  fyore  mid), 

moment,   my       mind  met  *to  thee.     And   hear  me. 

Sag  une  roed)fem  ein  rufyiaoS  SBort  unter  einanber. 

Let    us  *ex  change   *a    quiet    *word  *  under  *an  *other.  talk 

©age  mir :  ift  e§  ber  jtren$e  crnfte  SfBitte  beine$33aterj>> 

calmly.     Tell  *to  me  :  is  it  the  severe  earnest   will    of  thy    father, 

§u  tobten  mid)  ?  145 

to     kill        me? 

$erb.  —  £r  es  iff-. 

Ferd.  —  *He    it  is. 

(£<jm. — £>ie§   Uracil  ware  nid)t  ein  (eere§  (gd)red&i(b  §u 

Egm.  —  This  judgment  were    not      an    empty  terror-image  to 

dnojtigen     mid),  $u  ftrafen,  §u  erniebrujen,  burd)  ftuvfyt  unb 

fill  with  anguish   me,     to   punish,  to     humiliate,       by        fear      and 

JSrofyuna,,  unb  bann  auf^uheOen   mid)  wieber  mit  fonigu'djer 

threat,      and    then    *up-to-raise      me       again  with        royal 

@nabe?  150 

grace? 

$erb. — ftein,  ad)  (eiber  nein!     2(nfan$§      id)  fd;meid)e(te 

Ferd.  —  No,      ah     alas     no !    In  the  beginning  I        flattered 

mir    fefljft  mit   biefer  Jpojfnung;  unb    ba   fd)ott  id) 

*to*me*self   myself  with     this          hope ;         and  then  already   I 

empfanb   2Cn$jt  ttttb<2d)meryufe^en  bid)  in  biefem  .Suftanbe. 

felt          anguish  and      grief     to    see     thee  in     this         state. 

B 


14  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

9?un  e§  ift  tt)irf(id>  ifl  gerDifj.      Sftein,  id)  revere  nid)t 

Now  it   is      real,        is  certain.         No,      I  *govern*not    have  no 

mid).  2Bet  $ie6t  cine  £ulfe   mit>  roer   155 

command  *me    over  myself.     Who  gives      a       help     to  me,  who 

einen  9iarl>  ju  enfcjeljen  tern  Un&cmieibtidjen? 

an  advice,  to     escape  *to  the      unavoidable  ? 

(£$m. — So   here  mid;.    2£enn  beine  <2ee(e  brin$t  bid)  fo 

Egm. — Then  hear     me.  If        thy      soul     urges    thee  so 

geroaltfam    ju    retten    mid),    wenn     bu     wraOfcfyeuejl  tie 

violently         to       save        me,  if        thou         detestest        the 

Ue6ermad)t>  bic  \)hlt  bid)  $efeffe(t>  fo  rette  mid)  I   2>ie 

*over*might  power,  which  holds  thee  fettered,  then  save  me!       The 

SCugen&licfe    finb    fojJ&ar.       £>u     Gift  €ohn  be§     160 

moments         are     precious.       Thou     art      (the)         son   of  the 

SCttgewaltigeiv  unb  gerodtig    fel6jh      Safe  un§  ftiehen !   3d) 

*all-powerful,      and   powerful  (thy)  self.      Let     us       fly !  I 

fenne  bie  2Be$e  *y  bie  SDttttet  fonnen  nid)t  fein  un&efrmnt    bir. 

know  the   ways ;  the  means       can       not      be     unknown    to  thee. 

2>iefe   SDtauern  nur,  roeni^e  SReilen  nur  entferncn  mid)  »on 

These        walls      only,      few        miles      only    separate     me  from 

meinen  $reunben.     2ofe   bkfe  &anbe,  fcringe  mid)  $u  ifynen, 

my         friends.       Loosen  these    bonds,     bring     me     to     them, 

unb  fei  unfer.     ©ewij;   ber  ^onig    banft  bir         165 

and     be     ours.      Certainly  the     king  *  thanks  will  thank  *to   thee 

bereinft      meine  SXettung.      2>etn    23ater    wa$t;    unb  bie 

once     (for)    my    deliverance.       Thy      father    ventures ;   and  *the 

Sftajejrat  mufc  6itti$en  ba§  ©efcfyeljene;  roenn  aud) 

majesty    must  approve  *the    that  which  is         done,  if    even 

fie  entfefcet  fid)         batter.     £u   benfyT.     D  benfe         au§ 

she  shudders  herself    thereof.     Thou  thinkst.        O  *think    find   out 

ben  2Be$    ber      ftreifyeit   mir!      Sprid)     unb    nafyre    bk 

the  way  of  *the      freedom  to  me !        Speak        and    nourish  the 

Jpoffnuwj    ber    (e6enbi^en  ©eefe.  170 

hope       of  the      living         soul. 

$erb.  —  <&d)mig>t,  o  fcfyroeige  I    <£u  uermefyrejt  meine 

Ferd.    —       Be  silent,    o    be  silent !     Thou  increasest      my 

23cr$roeifUm3  mit       jebem  2£orte.    £ier  ifl  Fein  %u$m$, 

despair       *with  by    every     word.        Here  is  *  no      outway, 


OF    THE    GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  15 

fein  Dvatlv  feinc  %lud)U    2>a§     qnait  mid>  M$  $reift  unb 

no     advice,     no      flight.         That  torments   me,    that  grasps  and 

fajsr    tie       Q3ruft   mir    wie  mit  ^(auen.  3d)  !)«&e  a,e$o$en 

seizes  *the  my  breast  *to  *me  as    with     claws.        I     have    drawn 

fel&jl  tat  Kefjufammenj  id)  fenne  bie  flren^cn  feftcn  .Svncten;  175 

(my)  self  the   net      together  ;     1  know  the    severe    firm    knots  ; 

id}  mi§,  roie  tie  2£ea,e  ftnb  aerrannt   jeber   ^uf>n!>eit,   jeber 

I    know,  how  the   ways    are    impeded  to  every   boldness,   to  every 

Sift;       id)  fiifyte       mid)      cjefeffeft  mit        bit    unb  mit 

cunning;     I      feel        myself       fettered   with  *to    thee     and    with 

alien  intern.      3d)  fydtte  ntcf>t  t>erfud)t   2((le3,   nmrbe   id) 

all       others.      (If)  I       had      not        tried  all,         would       I 

flaxen?     3d)  tyafce  adegetv  $erebet>  rt^ten  hu  fe'n^1  ftufcen. 

complain  ?       I    have      lain,      spoken,    prayed  at      his         feet. 

(£r  fd)idte  mid)  fjiefyer,  $u  $erftorenin  biefem  WuQinbM  2Clle§,  180 

He     sent     me      hither,    to    destroy  in    this        moment       all, 

tt>a§  (e6t  in  mir  Don  2eGen&fuft  unb  $reube. 

what  lives  in  me    of    life's-joy     and  pleasure. 

(£am.  —  Unb  feine  9iettun$  ? 

Egm.  —  And    no    deliverance  ? 

$erb.  —  ^eine. 

Ferd.  —    None. 

(&jm.    £eine  9iettun^ !    (gufteS  2e&en !  fdjone,  freunMtd)e 

Egm.         No    deliverance !     Sweet      life !    beautiful,    friendly 

©eroofynfyeit    be$     JtafemS  unb  SOBirfenS !  t>on    bir  fott   id)  185 

habit  of*the    existence  and     activity !     from   thee  shall     I 

fcfyeiben !  fo  fleUffen   fd)eiben  I     9lid)t    im      Sumufte     bee 

part!       so   calmly         part!  Not     in  the      tumult      of  the 

<£d)tad)f>  unter  bem  ©erdufd)  ber  SBaffm;  in  ber  Serjlreuuna, 

battle,     among  the       noise     of*the    arms,    in  the    distraction 

be§   ©etummele    ojeOjT  bu     mir   ein  fTucbtijjee   SeGeroofyf; 

of  the       bustle  givest   thou  to  me     a      flighty       *live  *well 

bu   nimmjl  feinen  eiliam   9(6fd)ieb,  wrrurjejl  nid)t 

farewell;  thou    takest        no        hasty        leave,      shortenest    not 

ben  %ihynUid   ber    Srmmmo,.     3d)   foil  faffen  beine  190 

the      moment    of*the   separation.  I  *shall    am  to  take     thy 

Jpanbf  fet)cn  nod)  tlnmat    in   bie  2(uom     birf      fuhten 

hand,     look    yet    once      into*the  thy      eyes   *tofthee        feel 


16  INTRODUCTION   TO    THE    STUDY 

red)t  (e&fyaft  betne  <Sd)cne,  beinen  2Berti>  unb  bann  entfd)loffen 

right    lively      thy     beauty,       thy       value,    and  then    resolutely 

toSreiffen  mid>  imb  facjen  :  J-afyre  fyin ! 

tear  off     rae,    and    say:       *Fare  *on      Farewell! 

@otye, 
Goathe. 


G>  \)  a  x  a  c  t  e  r    b  e  §    Camlet. 

CHARACTER  OF  *THE    HAMLET. 
£>enfen  €ie      f(cf>  einen  ^)rinjen;  beffen  QSatec 

*Think  *you*to*yourself   conceive      a        prince,     whose  father 

fiirOt  umjemwrfyet.     GEIn'odj  unb    £errfd)fud)t    finb  nid)t  bie  195 

dies  unexpectedly.      Ambition  and  domination-desire  are    not    the 

Scibenfdjafterv  bie    6e(e6en  il)n  5   er  fyarte  a/taffen  e§  flefallen 

passions,       which  animate    him;  *he  *had      *let     *it   *please 

fief)/-  §u  fem@otyn  einc^cni^;  aUt 

*to*himself,he  had  been  contented  to    be     son     of  a     king ;       but 

nun  er  ift  genotfyigt  §u  rccrben  aufmerffamer  auf  ben 

now  he  is     obliged     to*become  *more  "attentive  consider  *upon  the 

2(&jranb,  ber  fcfyeibet  ben  ^cni$  »on    bem  Unterthan.    £)a§ 

difference,  that  separates  the     king     from     the       subject.  The 

dhfyt    jur    ^rene  roar  nid)t    er&Iid)  5    unb  bod)  ein  fan^ereS  200 

right  to  the     crown  was     not    hereditary;  and    yet     a      longer 

Se&en  feineS  Staterdr      \)attt      6efejria,t     mefyr  bie  SCnfprucfye 

life      of  his    father,     would  have  confirmed     more  the       claims 

feine§  ein$tgett  Cotyncfv  unb  gejtcfyert  bie  Jpoffnun<j  $at  ^rone* 

of  his      only  son,       and   secured   the        hope      of  the  crown. 

Stamen  er  fiefyt  nu^efd)loffen   fid)    fcurd) 

*Therc*againstin  place  of  this  he  sees       excluded      himself    by 

feinen  Dfyeim  iriettei^t   auf       tmmer>     o!)na,ead)tet 

his       uncle     perhaps  *upon   for     ever,  *notwithstandingin spite  of 

fd)einr)arer  SSerfpredjuwjen.      <£r  fuhfte    fid)     nun  fo  arm  205 

specious  promises.  He     felt    himself  now  so  poor 


OP  THE   GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  17 

an     ©nabe,  fremb  an     ©utern  in  bem  wa§ 

*on  in  grace,   strange  *on  to   goods    in   that  (scene)*what  which 

t>on3ugenb  auf  er  fonnte  Oetrad)ten  aU  fein  (£ia,enthum.  jpier 

from  youth    *up  he    could      consider     as     his      property.      Here 

fein  ©emutl;  nimmt  Me  crfte  frauruje   SKid&ttmg.      Ctr  fiil)ft> 

his      mind        takes     the   first       sad  direction.  He     feels, 

fcafs  er  ijt  nid)t  mefyr,  ja  ntcf)t  fo   Diet  a(§  jeber  Sbetmannj 

that  he  is     not     more,  *yes   not      so  much  as   every    nobleman ; 

er  aje6t  fid)     fur       einen  £>iener  eine§  3ebenf  er  ijt  210 

he  *gives    offers  himself  *for   as        a     servant  of  *an   each,    he   is 

nid)t   Ijbfiid),   ttifyt    ^erabtaffenb/    nein,  fyeraOcjefunfen  unb 

not     courteous,   not      condescending,      no,  degraded  and 

Ceburftio,.     %lad)      feinem  r-eriom  Suftanbe  er  bMt  nur  mie 

needy.        *  After  to       his      former         state      he  looks  only  as 

mid?      einem  wrfcfynmnbenen  Sraum,  23era,e6en$,  bag 

*after  to       a  disappeared         dream.      (It  is)       in  vain,     that 

fein  Ofyeim  will  oufmuntern  ifym  §ei^en  tym   feine 

his     uncle   *will     tries   to      *up-chcer    him,(to)  show  to  him     his 

2ao,e    au§  einem  anberrt  <55eftd)t6punftef  bte  ©mpftnbuna,  215 

situation  from     an        other        point  of  view,      the      sentiment 

feine§   *ftid)ts>  r-erldf,t   ihn     nie.      ©er  pvtiti  &d)Li# 

of  his   nothing  (ness)  forsakes    him    never.      The    second     stroke 

ber    traf  iljn,  t>erlefcte  tiefer,  6eua,te  nod)  mefyr.     £3  ill  tie 

which  hit     him,      hurt       deeper,    bent      yet     more.        It    is  the 

Jpeirat!)  feiner  SDhitter.  <5tne  Gutter    6tie&    nod)  u6riij  ifym 

marriage  of  his   mother.        A      mother  remained  yet    left    to  him 

einem  treuen  unb  jdrtticfyen  ^ofyne,    ia    fein  2ktter  ftorfc;  er 

a      faithful  and       tender        son,      when    his     father    died ;  he 

fyoffte  in        ©efettfcfyaft  feiner  tyinterfajfcnen  eblcn  220 

hoped    in  (the)      company     of  his    *behind*left     surviving    noble 

Gutter  §u  Derefyren  bie  Jpelbemjeftolt  jeneg    grojscn 

mother    to  reverence  the  *hero  *shape    heroic  form    of  that     great 

2C6$efd)iebenen ;    after  er  r-ertiert  aud)  feine  Gutter,  unb  e§  ift 

*off-departed ;         but    he    loses     also     his      mother,    and  it    is 

fd)timmer,  a(3  roenn  ber  $ob  hdtte  gcrauOt  fie    ifytm      £>a$ 

worse,       as       if    *the  death    had    robbed    her  to  him.      The 

B2 


18  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

$ur>erldf3ic\e  Q3Ht>    bat>    em  roo^tc*ieratl)enc0        3vtnb  mad)t 

trustful       image,  which     a  *well  ^succeeded    good  child   *makes 

fo     o,ern  t>on      fetnen  (*(tern,  t>crfrf>u>tnbet  5  225 

*so*  willingly  loves  to  form  *from  of    his      parents,      disappears ; 

6ei         tern  Gotten  ifl  fctne  £idfef  unb  an  ber  Sffcenbtgen 

*by  with    the       dead      is       no      help,      and   on  the       living 

feia   Qait      feie  aud)  iffc  em  5£eib>  unb    unter       bem 

*no       hold.         She     also    is     a     woman,    and   *among     in  the 

oUgemeinen  ©cfdrtedjtsnamen  @eured)ltd)feit> 

general  *sex*name  name  of  her  sex  frailty, 

fie  and)  ifl     fceonffen. 

she  also    is   comprehended. 

9htn  crft  er  fitfylt     ftcf>      red)t  ge&cugt  unb  fein  230 

Now  first  he  feels   himself  *right  completely      bent      and  no 

@luc£    ber  S&eft  faira  roieber  erfefeen  ifym,   was  er 

happiness  of  the  world   can   'again -compensate  repay  to  him,  what  he 

fyat  uertcren.     9?id)t  trauruv  nid)t  nad)benf(td)  »on      -ftatut> 

has       lost.  Not    mournful,  not      reflective    *from  by  nature, 

trailer  unb   *ftacnbcnfcit    noirb      tfym      §ut        fd)weren 

Sadness    and       reflection      becomes    to  him  :to*the    a       heavy 

Q5urbe.    £>enfen  <2ie       fid)  red>t   lebbaft   biefen 

load.        *  Think  *you  *yourself    conceive  *right    lively        this 

3uno,(ino,f  tkfm  ^utffcnfofyrv  pera^jenwdrtitjen  <2ie  235 

youth,        this      princc's-son,  ^present  *you        figure 

ftd)      frine     2a<je>     unb  bann  6eo6ad;ten  8ie  ilm,  rcerm 

to  yourself    his     situation,    and    then      observe     *you  him,  when 

ererfdfyrtf         tic  ©efralt  femes  %$atit$  crfchctnc  5  6ei*fkhen 

he  learns,   (that)  the    form      of  his     father      appears ;     stand-by 

@te     ifym     in  ber  fd)retf(idicn  9iad)t>  wenn  ber    efynvurbia/ 

*you  *to  him  in  the      horrible        night,    when    the      venerable 

©eift     fel&jr     auftritt  t>cr    tfym.    £in  una,eheure6 

ghost  (it)  self  *ap*treads)  appears  before    him.       An      immense 

(£ntfe|en   ergretft   ilm;    er     arurebet      bie  fH$imber$efcalts  240 

horror         seizes      him;     he     *on-speaks  (to)  the  *wonder*form 

fieht   fie    ttrinfcn,   fotgtf   unb   bevr.      2>te 

mysterious  form ;    sees    her     beckon,    follows,  and   hears.      The 


OP   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  19 

fdjretf fldjc  %nfiac\t  crtcnt  in  feincn  Dfyren ;      ^tufforberuno, 

terrible     accusation  sounds  in    his        ears ;      (the)     summons 

juc  9uid)e,  unb  tie  brtngenbe  wtcbcrl>ottc  Q3itte  i   Qrinnere 

to* the  revenge,  and   the    pressing       repeated     prayer :  Remember 

bid)     meiner. 

♦thyself    *of  me. 

Unb    ba   ber  <55cift  ifl       wrfcfyrounbeiv  wen       roir  fefyen  245 

And  when  the  ghost  *is  has     disappeared,    whom  (do)  we     see 

ffefyen  uor  uns?  Sinen  jungen  Qtlbitif  ber  fd)nau6tnad) 

stand  before   us  ?         A       young      hero,     who    pants     *after  for 

9iad)e  ?    ©nen  ge&ornen  Sur|Ten,  bet-  ftytt    fid) 

revenge  ?         A         *born        prince      (by  birth),  who    feels  himself 

$fucHid)  $u   roerben  aitfa,eforbe-rt   gegen  hn\  llfuvpator  feiner 

happy       to         be         summoned    against   the       usurper      of  his 

$rone?     Oiem!     Staunen     unb   ^truOfmn    uOerfdtft 

crown  ?         No !     Astonishment   and       sadness      *over*falls  take 

tux  Sinfamenj  er     roirb  fritter  gea,en  tk  250 

hold  upon    the   lonely  (one)  ;  he  *bccomes  grows  bitter  against  the 

ftdjemben  Q§effwid)ter>  fd)w6rt  nid)t  $u  t>era,effen  tin 

smiling        *baci "wights   villians,   swears       not     to      forget       the 

5C6gefd)tebenen  uttb    ftfytiejjt     mit  bem  Oebcutenben  (Sender : 

deceased  (one)    and    concludes    with    the      significant        sigh : 

«  £>ie  Sett  i]i  aui        bem  ©efenfe ;  roefye  inii>  ta^  id)  tvarb 

''The  time   is   out  (of )     the      joint;        woe   to  me,  that    I      was 

ge&oren  emjurtcfyten  fie  nrieber!"     %\  biefen  SBorten  liegt  ber 

born       to  arrange  it*her  again !"  In   these     words      lies  the 

@d){ufltf  §u  £am(et'8  ganjem  33etraa,en,imb  mtr     iji  beutlid),  255 

key       to    Hamlet's     whole      conduct,    and  to  me  (it)  is     clear, 

bag  Cfyaffpeare  fyaOe  rootten  fd)i(bern  eine  a,rof3e  %l)at  gelecjt 

that    Shakspeare     has  wished  to    picture        a     great   deed     laid 

nuf  eine  Ceele,   bie   ift  nid)t  geroaefcfen     ber  %\)at 

upon     a      soul,     which  is     not     *grown      fit  *to*the  for  the  deed. 

Unb    in    biefem    (Einne    id)    finbe    $ear6eitet   ba§   (gtuct 

And      in        this          sense        I        find         worked       the      piece 

buref)a,dna,i$.         ipier  ein  (£id)uaum  roirb  QcpfTanjt  in  ein 

through  the  whole.       Here  an     oak-tree         is         planted     in    a 

fofHidjeS  @efdf„  ba§  fydtte  fotten  aufnefymen  260 

costly      vessel,   that  *had  *shall  should  have    *receive    received 


20  INTRODUCTION   TO   TIIE    STUDY 

mir  (icfclicfye  55(umen;   bie  2£ur$eln  befynen  au$r  ba§ 

only      lovely      flowers;      the      roots         *extend*out  expand,  the 

©efajj  roirb  jermdjtet 

vessel  becomes  destroyed. 

(£in  fc()oncfv  reined  ebleev  fyocfyfl  moralifd)eS  2Befen,  ofyne 

A    beautiful,     pure,    noble,  highly       moral        being,   without 

bie  ftrmltcbe  @tdtfe>  bie     madjt  ben  .fpelben, 

the  *sensual     strength  (of  nerve)  which  *makes  forms  the     hero, 

gefyt  ju  ©runbe   untet  einer  2afrf   bie  eS  fann  weber   265 

goes  to    ground   *under    beneath     a      load,  which  it    can   neither 

tra<jen  nod)  afcroerfen ;   yttt  tyfiidjt  ijl  ^eittg  ifym,   biefe   $u 

bear       nor     throw  off;    every     duty    is    holy    to  him,  this    too 

fcfyrcer.    $>ft§  Unmo$lid)e  wirb  geforbert  t?on 

heavy.      *The  ""impossible  an  impossibility      is     required  *from  of 

tfym,  nid)t  i>a$  Unmoglicfye   an      fid>   fenbern  ba$  \va$>  ift 

him,     not    the      impossible     *on  in  itself,       but       that  what    is 

tmmeaftd)  tfym.      SBie    er  winbet,    t>ref>t/  antjfti^t     fief),- 

impossible  to  him.      How    he    winds,   t  turns,    torments     himself, 

tritt  t>cr  unb  §urutf  t'mmer  rcirb  270 

*treads  steps  *before   forward   and  *back  backward    always      is 

erinnert,  immer  erinnert     fid);     unb    buUfyt    t?er(iert  feinen 

reminded,  always    reminds   himself,    and     at  last      loses        his 

3we<f    (W§  bem         *XuQt,     tod)        efyne    jemaB  fti 

aim       *out   from  *the     his    eye,     however    without      ever    *to 

werben  froh. 

*become  becoming  cheerful, 

©ottye'S  2Bifl>efoi  SDtetjftr, 

Goethe's    William    Meister. 


OF   THE    GERMAN    LANGUAGE.  21 

(Styaffpeaire. 

SHAKSPEARE. 
3d)  erinrtere  nid)t  mid),  taf3  ctn  Q3ud),  em  OJienfd) 

I    remember    not    *me  that    a     book,      a       man 

oter  ira,ent  eine  Q5ea,et3ent)eit  te$       2e&en§  fydtte  275 

or      any    *an         event  of     *the      life      *had      sliould  have 

!)err>oro,e6rad)t  fo  o,rcf3e  SBirf ungen  auf  mid>  aU  tie  f  ojHid)en 

produced         so  great       effects         on      me      as    the  precious 

<&tudcf  tie   id)  t;a6c  fennert  lernen 

pieces,   (with)  which  I  have  *known*learned     become    acquainted 

turd)       Sfyre ®M$tit.     £ie  fdxinen  $u  fein  em  2£erf  eine§ 

♦through  by  your  kindness.       They     seem     to    be     a    work   of  a 

l;imm(ifd)cn  (Senium  ter     ndhert     fid)     ten       93?enfd}en, 

heavenly      genius,     who  approaches  himself  to  *the        men, 

urn    jumadien   fie    Oefannt    mit  fid)   felbjt    auf        tie  280 

in  order  to    make   them  acquainted  with  themselves  *upon  in   the 

adintejte   2£eife.    (£§         fint  feine  @etid)te.    Sftan  ajauut 

mildest      manner.       *It  they  are    no      fictions.          One   believes 

§u  frefyen  t)or  ten  aufa,efd)facjenen  ungefyeuern  Q3uc()ern       teg 

to    stand  before  the  opened  monstrous       books     of  *the 

(gd)icffa(fv  in  tenen   tec   Cturmnmit      te§        6eroea,tefren 

fate,         in  which    the       whirlwind         of  the      *most-moved 

SeOens  fauft  unt      6(drtert         mit   (Smalt 

most-impassioned       life     howls  and  turns  the  leaves   with      force 

rafd)    bin  unt  roicber.     3d)  6m  fo  erfhumt  unt  a,e6rad)t  285 

quickly     to     and       fro.  I      am   so  astonished  and     brought 

ftuffec  after  $*affuna,  u6er     tie€tdtfe  unt  Sartfyeit,  u6er 

out  of     all    composure  *over  at  the    force     and  tenderness,  *over  at 

tie  GJeroatt  unt    9iul)cf      taf,  id)  warte  nur  mit  €ehnfud)t 

the   power     and  tranquility,    that    I     wait     only  with       longing 

auf      tic  3cit>  ba  id)  merte  kfinten  mid)  in  einem  Bujtante, 

*on  for  the  time,  when  I      will        find     myself  in      a  state, 

$u  lefen  weiter. 
to   read  farther. 

©otye'S  mi\)tlm  93*eijrer. 

Goethe's   William    Meister 


22  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

£et)ne'S  $tnbf)e  it- 

HEYNE'S  CHILDHOOD. 

3d)  warb  geOcren  in  ber  cjrc^ten  £>urfti^fctt :  ber  fnihejre  290 

I      was        born      in  the  greatest    indigence :      the    earliest 

©efpiele  meiner  3uo,enb  war  ber  50?ana,e(,  unb  bic  $l)rdnen 

companion  of  my      youth     was  *the      want,       and  the       tears 

meiner  Gutter,  bie  wuf,te  fein  Q5rcb  fur  ihre  .Svinber,  mad)ten 

of  my     mother,  who   knew(of)no  bread  for   her  children,    made 

tic  erfren  (£mbru<fe.  3Bte    oft     fat;    id)   fie 

the    first     impressions    (upon  me.)  How   often    saw      I     her 

(Sonnafcenbs  rina,en  tk  Jpdnbe   mit   weinenben 

♦Saturday's    on  a  Saturday    wring   her    hands    with      weeping 

5(ua,en>  wenn  fie  fam  wieber  nad)  Qauft  mit  bem,  rt>a§  295 

eyes,      when  she  came    again  *after  *house  home  with  that,  what 

ber  a  no,ejr  rename    Jleif    unb  fei&jl  burd)voad)te   %la$)ti 

the         exerted      diligence  and   *self  even  through-waked  nights 

be§  ©atten  fatten  gefertia,f>  ofyne    gu  I;a6en  {jefunben 

of  the  husband      had        made,     without  *to  *have  having    found 

ten     ^dufer*      Suwetten  ein  neuer  QSerfud)  rcarb  a,emad)t 

♦the  a  purchaser.     Sometimes    a     new        trial       was      made 

turd)       mid)  cber  burd)  meine  Scfyroefrerj  id)  mufste 

♦through  by  me     or       by      my  sister ;         I  *must  was  obliged 

gefyen  §um  .ftaufmann,    cO    wit  F ennten  nid)t  roerben    (o$    300 

to    go    to  the     merchant,  whether  we     could      not  *become  *loose 

fie.         SRetne  2(e(tern  tfyaten  was   fie  fcnnteiv  unb 

get  rid  of  them.        My      parents       did      what  they     could,     and 

lief;en  mid)  o,eben  in  eine  ^inberfdiule  in  ber  $>crfrabr. 

♦let    caused    me    (to)  go   into    a  children-school  in    the     suburbs. 

3d)  er,l)telt   ba$  £ob>  ba$  id)  Oeonffe  alleg   aefcbwinb,    unb 

I   received  the  praise,  that    I  understood  all       quickly,  and 

|)dtte  Diet  2uft     jum     Semen.  3d)  l)atte  ^e6en 

had  much  desire  *to  *the  ^learning  to  learn,    I    *had  *given    gave 

fd)on      im  jefynten    3atyre   llnterricfyt   einem   ^inbe  305 

already  in  *the     my     tenth  year      instruction      to  a         child 

meineS    £ftad)6arn       im      %cfen    unb    <sd)rei&ejv      urn 
of  my      neighbor     in  *the    reading   and         writing,       in  order 


OF   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  23 

aufjutrd6en  ba§  ©djulgefb.     £)a  ber  gemeine  ©d)u(unferrid)t 

to  obtain      the  school-money.  When  the  common  school-instruction 

fonnfe  nid)t  fiifyren  mid)  rceiter,    fo    e§  ansfam    auf  eirte 

could      not        lead        me     farther,    then    it  depended    upon     a 

^ritjatftunbe,  in  wld)tv  id)  follte  werben  etngefufyrt  305 

private-*hour     lesson,  in     which       I    was  to        be        introduced 

$um  Satem.     2(uer  fyierju  tin  guter  ©rofdjen  roarb  erforbert 

to  *the   Latin        But    hereto   a     good      groat       was      required 

n)od)entud>         meine  2Ce(tern  fonnten  nid)t  ge6en  fccn  mir. 

weekly,      (and)     my      parents     could       not     give    that  to  me. 

2$  truo,    biefen  Summer       fancje  Return   mir  mir. 

I   carried     this         grief     (a)     long    (while)    *about    with    me. 

3d)  fyatte  einen   tyatyinr   bee  war  eia  wofytfya&enber  Q3dder,  ein 

I     had       a      god-father,  who  was    an       opulent  baker,    a 

.Jpaf&fcruber  meiner  Gutter.  %n  einem  2(6enbe  tdf)  roarb  gefefyteft  310 

half-brother    of  my    mother.     On    an       evening    I    was       sent 

$u  biefem  urn    §u  fyoten  ein  35rob.    Sftit  naffen  2Cua,en 

to     *this    him   in  order   to  fetch    a     bread.      With    wet      eyes 

id)   txat    in  ba$  Qau§,  unb  fanb   meinen   ^atl^en     frefyen 

I  stepped  into  the  house,  and   found       my       god-father    *stand 

ba      t>on         un^efdfyr.  SSefra^t, 

standing    there    *from    by     chance.        (Having   been)        asked, 

voaxum  id)  fjdrte  Qevoeintr  id)  rcotfte  antworten. 

why       I    had         wept,       I  *would  was  going  to        answer. 

Grin  ganger  ^trom  »on  Sfyrdnen  toad?   to$ ;  id)  fonnte  faum   315 

A     whole    stream    of      tears        broke  loose ;    I     could    hardly 

madjen  t-erftdnblid)  Ik  VLvfad)t  meine6  <£d)mer$e$\      $)ltin 

make      intelligible     the     cause       of  my  grief.  My 

$rof3mutI;ia,er     ^atfye     er&ot     fid)      $u  tojafylen  roodjentlid) 

generous       god-father  offered  himself  to       pay  weekly 

ben  @rofd)en.      3ur  Q5ebtna,uno,  nmrb   auferle^t 

the      groat.  *To  *the   as      condition     was     imposed  on    *to 

mir,         id)  fottte  fommeit  atfe  <8onnta$e,  unb  l)erfaa,en  ba$ 

me,  (that)    I   should    come      all        Sundays,    and       say         the 

(£r<ana,elium  a,e(ernte  auSroenbia,.  £>tefe§ 1;atte  bie  cmte    $olo,e        323 

gospel        learned    by  heart.       This    had  the  good  consequence 


24  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 

fur  mid),  id)     u&te     mem  ©ebdd)tnij$,  unb  lernte  t>crtraa,en 

for    me,        I    practised    my         memory,     and  learnt       repeat 

etroa§     mit  £>reifH$ftifc 

something  with     boldness. 


SBttyelm  Sell  unb  ©epler. 

WILLIAM  TELL  AND  GESSLER. 
(£$  a,efd)af),   roeit   fetn  @crid)t  mtb  9u\l)t  war  $tt  finben 

It   happened,  because  no    judgment   and    right     was   to    *fmd 

mefyr,  baf,  3cl>er   l;a(f     fid;       unb  t>te(     UnfyeitS 

be  found  *more,  that   each    helped  *to  himself  and  much  *of  mischief, 

warS.  2C6er  fcie  iBogte  focfyten,  unb  fufyren  fort  325 

*became  was  done.      But     the  bailiffs  laughed,    and     *rode    *on 

nad)        ifyrer     2£eife,   dfo,  bag   fie  rraten  mit 

continued  *after  in    their      manner,  'thus,    that  they    *trod  *with 

$uf3en  nid)t  nur        9ied)te  be3  SBolU  t>cv6viefte 

*feet  trampled  on  foot  not  only  (the)  rights  of  the  people  chartered 

Don        ^aifem   unb   $onia,en,    fonbern  feftjl  wrfyobnten 

*from  by  emperors     and        kings,  but  even       insulted 

ba$  ett>io,e  9ied)t,   ba§   ©otr  \)at  mlkfyn  jebem  Q}?enfd;enf 

the    eternal    right,   which    God    has     granted    to  every      man, 

wie  fein  unwrdnberu'tfjeS  ®ut       2>a    SOBerner  €tauffad)er  330 

as      his        unalienable  good.       Then     Werner      Stauffacher 

ging   fcfyroeicjenb   !;ina6   $um    Orte  Q3runnen      am 

went      silently         down    to  the    place     Erunnen    *on  *the    near 

©ee,   unb    fufyr  uOer  ba$   SSSaffer   nad)      tin 

the     lake,     and    *rode   ferried  over     the       water    *after   to   Uri 

jum    SOBrtltec  $tirji  in  2Ctttw$aufen.     C£r  fanb  tjerOorgen 

to  *the    Walter    Fiirst    in     Attinghausen.      He  found        hid 

fcet        bemfel&en  t>t\x  SCrnolb  Den  9DMd)tIjaf,  metd;er  mar 

*by  with   the  same  *the  Arnold    of    MelchthaL     who     *was  had 


OF  THE    GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  25 

fleftofyen  ufot  t>a$    ©ebira,     t>or  tern  ©rimmc    be$ 

fled        over   the    mountain  *before   from     tlie        anger    of*the 

Sanben&ero,.     Unb  fie  rebeten  t>cn  ber.  9?on)  beS   SanbeS  unb  340 

Landenberg.      And  they   spoke    of   the  distress  of  the  country  and 

bem  @reue(   ter    auetdnbifdjen  SScflte,   tie   ber  ^onig  t;atte 

the    horror    of  the        foreign  bailiffs,  whom  the     king      had 

gefanbt  tlmert   $uroiber      ifyren  angejkmmten  9ied)ten  unb 

sent      to  them  contrary  to    their  inherited  rights     and 

$renbeiten.     Cie  6efd)(cffen  barum,  jeber  fottte 

liberties.  They    resolved     therefore,  (that)  each  *shall  should 

fprecfyen  mtt  wrtrewten  tyvfiafton  Srcftftncrn  in  feinem  Sanbe, 

speak    with  confidential  courageous        men       in      his     country 

unb  erfcrfeben,       roeg  ©inml  fet      bas  SSolf/  unb  345 

and      inquire,    *of  what  (was  the)    sense    *be  (of)  the  people,  and 

»a§  e$  rootle  einfefen         fur  feme       %xttytit  unb 

what    it  *will   would  *in  *put    hazard  for      its  liberty      and 

@td)erty*tt?      9^acf>   biefem    fie    famen   jufammen    eft    in 

security  ?  After       this      they     came        together     often    in 

tterafcrebeten  ndcfytlicfyen  Ctunben  an  einem  fyeimticfyen  Orte 

preconcerted      nightly  hours      on        a  secret        place 

am  <£ee.  3>et  laa,   faft    mitten    inne 

*on  near  the  lake.    This  lay  almost  *  midst   *  within     in    the    middle 

jroifdjen  Urtf  Unternmiben,  unb  <2d)ww$  auf  einer  fd)ma(en  350 

between    Uri,     Unterwalden,     and     Schwyz    on       a  small 

SBiefe     um6ufd)ten  am    ftufj 

meadow  *round  *bushed    hedged  around  with  bushes    on  the    foot 

»on  tin  $etfen       be§   ^eeft-MBergeS?     gegem^et 

of     the      rocks     of  the    Seelis-mountain,  *against*over    opposite 

bem     £>orf(em      ©runnem    9J?an  fyiefj      i()n9vutli;   ta 

to  the  little    village      Brunnen.  One    called  it  *him  Riitli ;  there 

fie    roaren  weit  eon  SDtenfcfyett  unb  SOBolmungen.       Q3alb 

they     were        far   from         men         and       habitations.  Soon 

3ea,u*d)er  &rad)te    mit  frofye  Q3on)fd)aft ;  bet   $ob   355 

each       brought  *with  along  glad      message  ;    (that)  *the  death 

fei         t)ie(    teid)ter  allem         SSoIfef  af§  ba$> 

*be  was  much  ^lighter   more  endurable  to  all  (the)  people,  than  the 

fd)mdl;(id)e  3od).    ®cm  QSoo,t  Hermann  @e|(er  rcarb  nidjt 

disgraceful   yoke.     *To  the  bailiff  Hermann  Gessler  *became  *not 
C 


26  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

WtyU  benn  er  fyatte     OcfeS  ©eroiflen.    (£3  bunfrc 

*well  did  not  feel  well,  for    he   had  (a)  bad     conscience.       It  seemed 

ihm,  at$  wenn  bas  QSoIf  einfyerajna^e        mutt)igerf        unb 

to  him,  as       if      the  people      walked        more  courageously,    and 

au§fafye    trofeiger.        ©arum  cr  lief  ben  l^cajicfym  360 

*out-looked  more  fiercely.    Therefore  he  *let  caused  the       ducal 

Sput  uon  Dejtreid)  erfyofyen  auf  ciner  Stance  in  Uri, 

hat    of     Austria      *raise    to  be  raised  on       a         pole        in  Uri, 

Witt  befatyl  wer     uoru6erad;ef      foff       erweifen 

and   ordered    (everyone)    who       might  pass,      should        *show 

Gtfyrerbietuna,  bemfeften.      2>aran  er  wotfre  erfennen, 

*honor*  offering  salute  *to  the  same.      Thereby  he  would  recognize, 

wer  fei         wiber  Oejtreid).    Unb  2Biu)e(m  Sett,  ber@d)u| 

who  *be    was  against    Austria.        And  William  Tell,  the  archer 

au$        53urajen    ajna,  ucru6er;  afcr  cr  Oeugte  365 

*out  from  Biirglen    *went*beforeover  passed  by;   but    he    bowed 

fid)    md)t.    %[$>  bait  fie    fufyrten  ifyn  gefangen 

himself  not.       *As*soon      Instantly  they      led        him    *caught 

ju  bem  93oa,tf  unb  biefer  fprad)  eranmmt :  "$ro|ia,er 

prisoner  to    the    bailiff,  and    this      spoke    angrily :         "  Insolent 

@ct)ii$e !    fo    beine  ei$ene  ^unjt  ftrafe  bid).     3d)  (ea,e 

archer !      then     thy      own      art       may  punish  thee.        I      lay 

einen  2(pfel  auf  bagipaupt  beine§  @ormlein§$  fd)ief[e  ben  \)itaf>, 

an     apple  upon  the    head    of  thy    little  son ;      shoot    that  down, 

unb  feljle         nid)t!"     Unb  fie  6anben  ba§  Sink,  unb  (ea,ren  370 

and  *fail    miss  not !"        And  they   bound    the    child,   and    laid 

einen  2(pfel  auf  ba§  ipaupt  befjelfcen,  unb  fttfyrten  tin  <Sd)u|en 

an     apple  upon  the  head    of  the  same,  and      led      the      archer 

weir     bar-on.  (£r  jielte.    ©a  t'u  SBoaaifefyne  fd)wirrre. 

far   *therefrom    off.     He  aimed.    Then  the    bow-string       shrilled. 

©a    ber  ^feil  6rad>  ben  QCpfel.     5Clte§        QSotf  jaud^re 

*There  the    arrow  broke    the     apple.        All  (the)  people  shouted 

freubto,.      %bit  @5ef,(er  fragte  ben@d)u|enj  «  2£o$u 

cheerfully.       But  Gessler  asked   the    archer:     "*Where  *to     for 

truojt     hu   nod)  ben  anbern  ^3feil   Oct         bir?"     (£3  375 

what  carriedst  thou    yet    the     other     arrow  *by  with  thee  ?"      *It 

Sell  antwortcte :    "  Jparte  ber  (Srjre  mcr)t  getroffen  ben  2Ipfe(, 

Tell    answered :  "  Had     the  first     not        hit         the    apple, 


OF    THE    GERMAN    LANGUAGE.  27 

bann  ber  2(nbere    (jercij*    bein  #er$ "    £>efj  ber  93o$t 

then   the     other     certainly     thy   heart."      *Of    by  this  the  bailiff 

erfdbracf,  unb  lief,  ben  (£d>u|en  <u*eifen,  unb  fii^ren  auf 

was  frightened,   and   let    the      archer        [seize,     and    carry    upon 

em  @rf)iff  nad)  &ftfn<K$t;  wofyin    er  a,ebad)te   §u 

a      ship      *after  bound  to  Kiissnacht,  whereto    he  intended    to 

fallen      felDft  £)enn     fcfyten  nid)t  ratfyfam  einjuferfern  ben  380 

*ride   go  himself.    For  (it)  seemed    not    advisable  to  imprison  *the 

Sett   im    Sanbe  Uri,    nxam      be3   23otfe$;  a&er  §ufd)(eppen 

Tell  in  *the  *land    Uri,  on  account  of  the  people  ;    but    to       drag 

thn  in  auSlctnbifdje  Q5efana,enfd)aft  roar  roiber        9ied)tfame 

him  into      foreign  imprisonment    was  against  (the)  privileges 

beS    2anbe§.     £>arum  ber  23oa,t  furcfytete      Sufammenlauf 

of  the  country.     Therefore  the  bailiff   feared   (a)  *together*running 

be§    SSotfS  unb  fut>r  ab  fcfylcunig,  nneroot)!  ber 

meeting  of  the  people  and  *rode    sailed  off    hastily,     although  the 

warme  $onrmnb  Oliejj  ungeftum.    2>er  ^ee  ajna,    fyohl  385 

warm  east-wind  blew  impetuously.*The*lake*went*hollowItwasa 

unb  tk  2Bellen  fcfylu^en        u6er  fd)dumenb,  ba$  %Um 

high  sea,  and  the  waves    *beat    dashed  over    foamingly,  *that  *to  all 

roarb   6ana,e,  unb  tie  <2d)iffsleute  wr$aa,ten.    3n  fcfyrcerer 

became  afraid,     and    the  crew          desponded.      In      heavy 

%n$)i  ©efcler  lieft  a6tl)un  bie  $effeln  bem  Sett,  bamit 

anxiety  Gessler  let  *off*do  take  off  the  fetters  to  *the  Tell,    that 

berfelfce,  at$    outer  <2d)iffer,  lenfe  ba$  Jafyrjeua.  5(6er 

the  same,  as  (a)  good      sailor,    (should)  direct  the      vessel.        But 

ber  Sett   lenf'te    aeaen  bie  fable  2Banb   beS    390 

*the  Tell  directed  *against  towards  the  *bald  barren    wall     of  the 

2(ren6erae§,      wo    eine  nadte   $el$platte       fyert-ortritt 

Axen-mountain,  where     a      naked    *rock-table    *forward  breads 

roeniae  gd)titte  in  ben  (gee,  ©cfyrounrt.  unb  ©pruna; 

projects   few         steps     in  the  lake.       *Swing  *and  *spring      one 

ber  Sell  IjimuiS  auf  bie  tylattt,  ba$  ©d)iff  tyinauS  in  ttn 

leap ;  *the    Tell    out    upon  the     table,    the     ship       out      in  the 

(gee.     %lun  ber  (Jrlcfete         fletterte  fyinauf  tin    $5era    unb 

lake.       Now  the   released  (one)  climbed      up        the  mountain  and 

floh   burd)  ba$  2anb  @d)vm;§.     Unb  er  \>ad)te  in  feinem  395 

fled  through  the    land    Schwytz.        And   he  thought  in      his 


28  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

fccrummerten  jnerjen:    SBBofyin  cntfticl;en   tern  Some   be$ 

anxious  heart:      Whereto    flee  from  *to  the  anger  of  the 

©ercattfyerrn  ?  Unb  id)  entrinne  feincr  $5oebeif>  fo  er  fyat 

*power-lord  ?     And  (should)  I  escape    *to  his    malice,  then  he  has 

mcin2Bei6unbmein$mb  511m      ^fante.  Cott        <£in§  »on 

my    wife    and  my  child  *lo*the   as  pledge.  *Shall  must  one     of 

fcetben  fatten;  imfd)u(bt<j  SBeifc,  unb  $inbf  unb  Q3aterlanb,  ober 

both      fall,        innocent      wife,    and  child,   and      country,       or 

98oo,t  ©ef3(er   bu;     fo  .  fattc  bit,  unb  $reil;eit  fbrige  roieber!  400 

bailiff  Gessler  thou ;  then    fall   thou,  and    freedom     rise    again ! 

Co    ber  Sett  bacfyte,  unb  fifoo,  mit  <Pfeit  unb  55e$en    ^ert 

Thus   *the  Tell  thought,   and  flew  with  arrow  and     bow      towards 

■$vii§nad)f>  unb  fyarrte  in  ber  \)o\)kn  @affe  6ei  bem  Orte. 

Kiissnacht,   and  waited  in  the  hollow   road  near  the  *place  village. 

$>a    bet*  SSciit  fam;    ba    tie  Q3o^cnfct>ne  febwirrte ;  ba   ber 

*There  the  bailiff  came ;  *there  the  bow-string     shrilled ;  *there  the 

<Pfeif  bvad)  baO>  £er$  bee  ©eroatttyerm.    2>ae  $an$e   « 

arrow  *broke   pierced   the  heart  of  the  *power-lord.         The  whole 

SSolf     wjfyvad     freubio,     ale    ee  Dmtnfym  ben  Sob  feinee  405 

people  was  amazed  cheerfully  when    it      heard        the  death  of  his 

ilnterbtutfere.    £>ie  Sfyat    bee    Sett  yerliefy  Ijotyem  93Zufl)« 

oppressor.  The  deed  of  *tlie  Tell  bestowed  higher  courage. 

&  3fd)orfe. 

H.  Zschocke. 


£)ie  SSentrffyeilimg  unb  4?inrid)tung  Gonrabm'8 

THE  CONDEMNATION  AND  EXECUTION  OF  CONRADIN. 

ile&er  bae  dfyrffal    bet    ©efanamen  muffe  werben 

*Over  the         fate         of  the      prisoners     *must  was  to      be 

entfc()ieben  auf       unpartfyetifefyem,  (eibenfcfoafrtofcni/ mntltcbem 

decided      *on  in  an       impartial,  dispassionate,       judicial 

2Bea,e,  fo  man      fa^te ;  bifyaUb  ber  .ftonia,  Mavi  »on  5(njou 

way,    thus  *one  they  said ;  therefore  *the    king  Charles  of   Anjou 


OP   THE    GERMAN    LANGUAGE.  29 

{teg  9vid)ter   unb   SKecfytSgelefyrte   au%         mefyreren  410 

*let  ordered     judges      and      juris-consults    *out    from    several 

tyiiUn    be$    9ieicf)e0     fommen  nacf;  9l?a$tl,  wettye  follfen 

parts    of  the    empire  (to)     come        to        Naples,      who     should 

unterfucfyen  unb  fpred)en  ta6  llrtfyeil.      £>a3   er  fyoffe, 

examine      and      speak     the  sentence.      *That  he  *hope    hoped, 

3eber  »on  tynen  rocrbe  fceifrimmen  ber   SCnffage : 

(that)   each     of    them  would        agree      *with     to  the    charge: 

(Sonrafcin  fei  em    %woUx    $ea,en  tie  $ixd)t,  em  (Smporer 

(that)   Conradin  be    a  transgressor  against  the  church,    a      rebel 

imb  Jpod^erratyer   art       feinem  red)tmdf3ia,en  3\om\je,  unb  415 

and  traitor  *on    at      his  legitimate  king,       and 

ojeicfy   alien    feinen   Jreunben   unb   fDUtgefan^enett  fdmtbia, 

like    *to  all      his  friends        and     fellow-prisoners       guilty 

be§    %t>U$,      %i$   bie  9iid)ter  gotten  btefe  SCnftage,    fie 

of  *the  death.       When  the    judges      heard      this   accusation,  they 

erfefyratfen    fefyr,  after  wa<jten  nid)t        lange 

were  frightened  very  (much)   but    ventured    not  (for  a)  long  (time) 

barjuleom  unt>ed)ot)(en  tyre  enta,ecjena,efe|te  3(nfid)t. 

to  expose      unconcealed    their       ^opposite  contrary   opinion. 

<£nb{M)  ber  eb(e  ©uibo  t-on  ©ujara   trat    f)errorf  unb  facjte  420 

At  last    the  noble    Guido    of     Suzara  stepped    forth,      and    said 

mit    (auter   unb  fejrer  (Sttmme :    "  Qonrabin   ijt       nid)t 

with      loud       and     firm        voice :  "  Conradin     *is  has    not 

gefommen  at§  em  StauOer  unb  (£mperetv  fonbern  im 

come  as      a       robber     and        rebel,         but        *in    on  the 

©faufcen  unb  23errrauen  auf  fein  §utt§>  9ied)t.    (£r  frct>ettc 

faith        and    confidence   upon   his    good    right.        He   wronged 

nid)t,  intern  er  wrfucfyte  §u  cjeummen  roieber  fein  ana,eframmte§ 

not,     when  he     tried       to        win        again    his        inherited 

tmterlitf)e5  SKedjr   buret)  offenen  ^?riecj;   er  ift  425 

paternal       right  *  through    by      open        war ;      he  *is    has  been 

a,efano,en  nid)t  einmal  im  2Cn$riffe>  fonbern  auf      ber  filufyt; 

caught     not     even    in  the   attack,        but     *upon  on  the    flight , 

unb  QottlidjeS  n>te  menfcfylicfyeS  $\tfyt  ge&ietet   §u  fcefyanbem 

and        divine       as         human  law     commands  to       treat 

©efanome  fcfjonenb."  <£rftaunt   viBer  biefe 

prisoners  *sparingly    with  indulgence."       Astonished     at      this 

C2 


30  INTRODUCTION  TO   TIIE   STUDY 

uwvwattiti  (SrfMrung,  Stoma,  tfarl,   Mernefymenb    fefoft 

unexpected     declaration,      king    Charles,      assuming       Irimself 

fca§   ntebrtgc  ©efcfydft  eineS   WldcjerS,  einsroanbte  430 

the        low         business    of  an       accuser        *in*turned    objected 

fyimjeom:     bag  (Sonrabin'S  Ztutt  foaar  t;dttett  ana,ejunbet 

against  this:    that    Conradin's    people    even        had      set  on  fire 

Softer;  after   roorauf   @uibo  unerfd)redt  erwieberte:  "2£er 

cloisters ;     but  whereupon  Guido  unfrightened  answered  :     "  Who 

fann   fceroeifen,   tag   @onrabin  unb    feine    $reunbe   I;a6en 

can        prove,        that     Conradin     and       his         friends       have 

anftefofyten  ttc§  ?     3ft        nid)t  5Cebn(itf)e§  gefefyefyen 

commanded  this  ?       (It)  have   not      similar     (things)   (been)  done 

son  anbern  Jpeeren?    Unb   ffcfyt  e§  nieftt  $u  435 

from    other      armies  ?       And  *stands  *it  *not  'to  does  it  not  become 

attcin    bcr   $ird)e  §n  urtfyeden  lifter  SSergefyen  roiber  bie^ircfye? 

alone  *to  the  church  to    judge        of     offences   against  the  church  ? 

%\\t         9iid)ter,   6t§   auf  (£inen,  ten  unftebeutenben, 

All  (the)    judges,    *till  *upon  except    one,       the     insignificant, 

ftted)tifd)o,efmnten  Dioftert  yen  Q5art  fpradf;cn  frei  nun 

servile-minded       Robert     of    Bari    *spoke*free     acquitted  now 

(Sonrabin  unb  feine  ©efdfyrten,  wetdje§  prei£rtuu'bia,e  35enefymen 

Conradin    and    his   companions,    which  praise-worthy      conduct, 

tnbef   jurutfftradrte  ttn  J?&hia,  fo  roenia,  jut  SR&gigung  unb  440 

however,  brought  back  the     king    so    little  to  *the  moderation  and 

35efwmenfyeit>  ba|  er  tne(met;t>  in  wrboppeftet 

reflection,       that  he  *much*more  rather,  in    *doubled      increased 

Seibenfd)aft   jerfrorte     felftjt    jeben   <2d)ein   eon  ft-crm  unb 

passion       destroyed     himself  every  appearance  of      form     and 

dxtdjtr  unb    fred)      folcjenb    jener  &ne(fyt§fKmmc  auefprad) 

right,  and  impudently  following  *to  that       servile-vote     *out*spoke. 

au$         ei^ener  $)lci&)t  ba$  Sobeeurrfyeif 

pronounced  *out  by  his    own  *might  authority  the  sentence  of  death 

ufter  atfe  ©efamjehe.      SCI§    Sonrabm  erfyielt  biefe  445 

*over     against    all       prisoners.         When    Conradin  received  this 

9tad)rid)t  fteim  ^djad)fpkUr  er  r-erlor  nid)t  bk        3*aiFuw> 

news        at  the      chess-play,    he    lost      not     the   his  composure, 

fonbem  ftenufjte  o>Uid)    feinen      Unglu<fss@>efdl;rtert 

but       availed  himself    like    *to  his    misfortune's    companions 


OF   THE   GERMAN    LANGUAGE.  31 

tie  wenia,e  3*#  gelaffene  ifynetv       urn     §u  mad)en  fein 

(of)  the    little     time      left       to  them,    in  order    to       make     his 

Sejrament  unb  ausjufofynen    pdji    nut  @ott.      Unterbeffen 

will        and    to  reconcile  himself  with  god.      In  the  mean  time 

man        errtcfytete  bag  Q5(ut<jeriift  in  alter  <2tilk  tidjt  t>or  ber  450 

*one    they    erected    the  scaffolding    in    all     silence  close  before  the 

&tabtr   nafye   6et   tern  {jenannten   fo      fpdter 

town,      near    *by   *the  (what  was)        called       *so      afterwards 

sRemn  Slftarft  unb  ber  ^ird;e    ber    @arme(iter.       (£g 

(the)    new       market    and     the   church  of  the  Carmelites.  It 

fd)ien,  atg  biefer  Ort  fei  a/nxn-ben  aukywaljlt 

seemed,  as  (if)  this    place  *be  *become    had  been       chosen 

fcoSljafl     urn     ju  §eiam  Sonrabimn  alle        gerrficfyfett 

maliciously  in  order  to     show      to  Conradin      all  (the)      splendor 

feiitcd  9\eid)6  nod)  emmaf  t>ot   bem  $cbe.     9?dm(id)  bie  455 

of  his  empire    yet      once   before  *the    his     death.       Namely  the 

SBoam   beg    9Rem8  tyier  fo      fcfyonen  a(5  friebficfyen  brinam 

waves    of  the         sea     here  *so  as  beautiful  as        calm     penetrate 

bis  bafyin,  unb  bee     SaufcerfreiS     t>on  ^ortictV  .^afretfamare, 

till    there,     and  the   enchanted  circle    of     Portici,     Kastellamare, 

Sorrento  unb  SDtaffa   umfd)lief3enbe  btefen   herrlid)jren    atter 

Torrento    and    Massa  enclosing        this     most  splendid  of  all 

93ceer6ufen  barjMt    ftd)    bem   erfraunten  ^BeoOac^terf 

^sea-bosoms   gulfs     presents    itself  to  the    astonished       observer, 

nod)   r-erftdrt      burd)        ben  61enbenben  ©fan$       fiibfid^    460 

still   brightened  *through    by  the     dazzling      splendor  of  southern 

reiner  Sufte.    3ebod)  ba$  fd)n>ar$e  ipaupt  beS    23efut> 

pure     skies.   However  the      black     *head   summit  of  the  Vesuvius 

erfyefcenbe  fief)    §ur      Sinfen   beutet   auf  furd)t&are 

raising     itself  to  the          left      *points*upon  imtimates  frightful 

9Jtdd)te    ber    *ttaturf   unb      red)t6      tie  fcfyroffen  fradi#tn 

powers  of  *the   nature,     ;and  to  the  right  the      steep        pronged 

$e(fen  ber    Snfet  fiapti,    wo   einfr  $t6ertu$;  ein  nmrbujer 

rocks   of  the  island    Capri,   where  once    Tiberius,      a       worthy 

©eneffe     Carl's    t-on  2Cnjou,  l;aufetef  fcefmnjen  Un  465 

companion  of  Charles    of    Anjou,  *housed     dwelt,       gird        the 

@tefid)ter,re& 

horizon. 


32  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDT 

%m    iKim   unb   jwanjigjfcn  Ofto6er   em   taufenb  $roei 

On  the  nine      and       twentieth       October    one  thousand   two 

fyunbeet  ad)t  unb  fed)^ia,,  jrcei  donate  nad)  t>ct  <2d)(ad)t 

hundred    eight  and      sixty,      two      months     after   the        battle 

6et       ©ftitfouv   tie   SSeeuetfyeilten  umrben   gefiifyet    §um 

*by   of     Scurcola,     the      condemned         were  led        to   the 

SKid)tp(a|e,       wo   bee    ipenfee     mit  fctofen  $uf3en  unb  470 

place  of  execution,  where  the  executioner  with     bare        feet      and 

nufeefkeiften  $(eemeln  wartete    fd)on        ifyeee.        *Rad)bem 

up-turned         sleeves     waited    already  for  *of  them.        After 

bee   &hniQ    Mavi     fyatte    eina,enommcn    einen    ana,e6tid)en 

*the      king    Charles      had  taken  a  pretended 

(Jfyeenpfaf,  Dio&eet  t?on  Q3aei,  jence  una,eeed)te  9vid)tet>  fprad) 

place  of  honor,  Robert    of     Bari,    yon        unjust        judge,     spoke 

auf  beffen       Q3efeht  t  "  SSeefhmmette  banner !  biefee 

*upon  by  *of  *him   his     order:         "Assembled         men!  this 

Sonrabirtf  S>olm    @oneab'?v  fam  au$        £>eutfd)lanb,  urn     475 

Conradin,      son     of    Conrad,   came  *out  from     Germany,  in  order 

$u  drnbten  frembe  'enaten  a(6  etn  QSerfufyeee  feme6  25otfe§  unb 

to      reap      foreign     crops      as     a        seducer     of  his   people  and 

an^uoreifen    mit    Unrecfyt  red)tma($ige    £erefd)ee. 

to    attack     *with   *injustice    unjustly       legitimate  rulers. 

2(nfawj3  er     fiegft       turd)        SufaU;  afcee  bann 

At  first    he  conquei-ed  ^through  by  accident ;  but  *then  afterwards 

bued?  bie  %&3)ti$tit  beS    $cnta,s  ber  ®ieo,ee  nwebe    jura 

through  the   capability  of  the     king    the  conquerer  became  *to  *the 

Q$efieo,ten,  unb  bee        fytit    fid)      fur  tje&unben  bued)  fein  480 

conquered,   and   he  (who)  held  himself   *for      bound         by        no 

©efe^roirb  je§t$eful)rt$e6unben  tjoc  ba6  Qbmdjt   be6 

law    is     now       led       *bound  in  bonds  before  the  tribunal  of  the 

$onio,6,   n>eld)e3  ee    twdjtete    §u  t?eenid)ten.      £>afue    t>a$ 

king,        which     he   endeavored  to        destroy.        Therefore  the 

^obeSuetheit        tvieb    $efprod)en,    rnit    (£etau6nifj     bee 

sentence    of  death       is        pronounced,    with    permission    of  the 

©eifHid)fett  unb  nad)  bem  Oiathe   bee  2Seifen  unb 

clergy        and  *after  according  to  the  advice  of  the    sages    and 

®efe$t>eeftanbio,en,  uOee  ifyn  unb  feine  9D*itfd)utbia,cn  ate  SKduOee,  435 

juris-consults,       over  him  and  his      accomplices     as  robbers, 


OF   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  U3 

Qrmpcrerf    2(ufroiea,ler>    3SetTatI;er>    unb    aucr;        fcajeid) 

rebels,  mutineers,         traitors,         and      also       immediately 

wffjogeii    t>or  $ua,en  2Ctter>  bag  feme  roeitere 

(will  be)  executed    before  (the)      eyes     of  all,    that    no       farther 

@efaf;r    entffcfye. 

danger  may  arise. 

3((6    tie   @e<je$enn)artiflen  fyorten  tied    Urtfyetf 

When  the  *present  spectators  heard    this     sentence 

u(jerrafd)enbe  ijrojjtentfyeiB  fie,  em  bumpfed  490 

surprising-   *of  *greatest*part  the  greatest  part  of  them,  a       stifled 

©emurmel  entftanb,  roetcf;e§  r-erfunbete  bte  le6t;afte  55eroe$un$ 

murmur  arose,       which    announced  the     lively        emotion 

ber    ©emutfyer ;  after  tie  Jurcfyt  6cl>errfc(;te  2(tfe ;  unb  nur 

of  tlie      minds ;         but  *the      fear      domineered     all ;     and  only 

©raf-  9ioftert>       eujener  ©djroiegerfofyn    bed    -Svonia/v  ein  fo 

count   Robert,  (the)  own  son-in-law        of  the     king,        a    *so 

fcfyoner  a(e>        ebler  SDtatm  l;ert)or^fpran^f  (affenb  freien  Sauf 

beautiful  *as  (and)  noble  man      lept-forward,     ^letting  *free  *course 

feinem  geredjten  Some,  unb  fpracf?  $u  9ioftert  t>on  495 

giving  way   to  his        just  anger,    and    spoke    to    Robert    of 

95ari:    "2£ie    barf  ft     bu,     freezer,    una,ered)ter    <Sd)urfe 

Bari :        "  How     darest     thou,    impudent,        unjust         scoundrel 

t>erurtf;ei(en    §um    Sobe  fo         einen  grojjen  unb  !;errtid)en 

condemn      to  *the  death  *so  such      a        great      and     excellent 

Slitter  ?"    Unb  §u      okidier  Sett  er  traf  ifyn  mft 

knight  ?"      And  *to  at     *equal     the   same  time  he   hit    him  with 

feinem  ecfymert  bergeftoft,  bajj  er  rourbe  fyinmea^etraa/n  fur 

his         sword  thus,         that  he    was         carried  away       *for 

robt.  £er  &oni<}  tterfttft  feinen  3orn,  ate        er  faf),  500 

*dead  lifeless.      The     king  repressed    his     anger,  *as  when  he  saw 

bajj  bie   Sran&ojifcfyen  Ovitter  ftil(ia,ten  tyat    bed 

that    the  French  knights  approved    (of  the)    deed  of  the 

©rafen;   after  bav  llrtl;ei(     ftlieft     unr-eranbert       JQierauf 

count ;        but     the  sentence  remained     unaltered.  Hereupon 

CEonrabin      bat,      bajjj    man  r>erj!atte    i(;m 

Conradin      begged,     that     *one     they    (might)      grant,      to  him 

nod)  einmal   bag   S5>orr,  unb  fprad)    mit  ^rofier 

yet       once     *the    *word    to    speak,     and    spoke     with    great 


34  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

ffaffung:        "23ot    ©ett  id)  f?a6e  r-erbient  ten  Sob    ate  505 

composure:        "Before     God      I     have   deserved  *the  death     as 

hunter;    after    fyier   id)  rt-erbe  wrbammt  una,ered)t.      3d) 

sinner;         but     here     I       am       condemned    unjustly.  I 

frage  aUc  tie  ©etreuen,  fur  wetcfye  metne  SBorfafyren 

ask      all    the     *trusty     adherents,  for     whom     my       ancestors 

hter  forc}tertf  id)  fra$e  atte        £aupter  unb 

here    *cared  carefully  provided,    I       ask      all  (the)    heads       and 

^urffen    biefer    <5rbe :       06      bcr  ift  fd)ultig    beS    ^obe§f 

princes    of  this    earth :    whether    he    is      guilty    of  *the   death, 

rcelcfyer  t>ertl)dbia,t  fetne  unb  fetner  SSetfer  9ied)te?    Unb  roenn  510 

who       defends         his    and  *of  his  people's  rights  ?      And     if 

and)  id)  rodre  fd)utbia,,  rote  barf  man  frrafen  graufam  bie 

even    I      were      guilty,     how    dare    they     punish       cruelly     the 

tlnfd)utbia,en>  roetcfye  t)erpflid)tet  feinem  SCnbern 

innocent,        who  bound        *to*no    *other    to  nobody  else, 

anhieno,cn  mir   in  lcf3itd>er  Sreue  ?    £>iefe  SBorte  er^eu^ten 

adhered    to  me  in    laudable    fidelity  ?     These     words       created 

Svufyruwj,  a6er  Fetne  %\jat;    unb  ber  beffen  Diutyrung  aMn 

emotion,       but      no     action ;     and    he     whose     emotion      only 

hdtte  6'onnen  u6er(]eben  in  Sbaren,      61ie0      515 

*had     *can        *pass         could  have  passed  into   actions,    remained 

nid)t6fo6r>erfreinert  c;ea,en      bie  ©runbe  be§  9ied)t§, 

not   only  *petrified   obdurate  *against  to  the  reasons  of  *the  right, 

fenbern  aud)    ge^en      bie  (Jinbriitfe,  wtidje.  (Etanb,  ^w^enb 

but        also  *against  to  the  impressions,  which      rank,       youth 

unb   <£d)onl)eit   bcr    23erurtbei(ten  mad)ten    auf     3eben. 

and        beauty      of  the     condemned        made       upon     every  one. 

2)a   roarf  (Sonrabtn  feinen    J£>anbfd)u!j  hera6    t>om 

Tlien  threw    Conradin      his        *hand*shoe    glove    down  from  the 

QMutcjerufre,  fcajj  er       rr-erbe    Q&vafyt    bem    ^enigc  ^eter  520 

scaffolding,    that  *he  it  might  be  brought     to  the       king      Peter 

t)on  2(rrao,onien  a(3  ein  3eid)en,  ba§  er    ftfcrfrage  ifym    atte 

of       Arragon       as      a        token,    that  he   transferred  to  him    all 

9ied)te    auf  3Cputien   unb   etcilicn.      fitter  £rud)feJ5   son 

rights      on      Apulia      and       Sicily.  Knight   Truchsess    of 

SBat&fcurg  naljm  auf  ben  £anbfcfm(v  unb  erfullte  ben  fefcten 

Waldburg      took    up     the         glove,        and    fulfilled  the     last. 


OP  THE    GERMAN    LANGUAGE.  35 

£Btmftf)  feine§  %&vfktn.    JDiefer?  Uvauht  atter  Jpoffnuncj  etnet 

wish      of  his    prince.  This,    deprived  of  all  j      hope        of  a 

2(enberima,     be§     ungerecfyten    (gprucfyefv     umarmte     fcine  525 

change       of  the        unjust  sentence,       embraced        his 

£ebe%noff^V        6efonber3  $riebrid)  t>on  Defiretcf;,    $oo, 

companions    of  death,    especially    Frederick    of        Austria,    drew 

au3  fern    O&eriktb,    unb  fao,te,  l)ef3enb       &rme  unb 

*out    down    his  upper-garment  and    said,    raising  (his)  arms     and 

Jpdnbe      am      Jptmmcl :     a  3efu5   StyriftuS,  Jperr    alter 

hands      towards      heaven:  "Jesus       Christ,        Lord    of   all 

(Sreaturen,  .ftenia,   ber   £1)ren  I    SfBenn  ttefev  Md)  foil  ntd;t 

creatures,      king  of  *the  honors !  If       this  chalice  shall   not 

Doru&ergefym    b&t    mir,    fo    id)     Defefyte     mcinen  ©eift  in    530 

pass    by  *before   me,  *then  I      commend      my         spirit  into 

beine  ipdnbe !"     3*|o  er  fnicte  nieber,  after  bann    rief 

thy     hands  1"         Now  he    knelt  down,     but    then  *called   cried 

cm$  nod)  einmal  emporrid)tenb    fid)  :  «  O  Gutter, 

out  *yet    *once  once  again         raising        himself:    "  O   mother, 

n>eld)e3     2eiben     6ereire  id)    bir."      %lad)   biefen  SBorten 

what      suiferance  prepare    I    to  thee."      After     these        words 

er  empftna,  btn    Sobesffreid).        5U3  $riebrid)  Don  Oeftreid) 

he  received  the   stroke   of   death.     When  Frederick   of    Austria 

fab  bci$  £aupt  feineS  J-reunbeS  fatten,  er  fd)rie  auf      fo  535 

saw   the     head    of  his      friend,        *fall  falling,  he  cried  *up  out  so 

geroattfam  in  uncrmefjlid)em  @cf;mer^  ^  afle  anflcngen  $u 

violently     in    immeasurable        grief,        that     all        began         to 

rocinen.     2(&er  and)  fein  £aupt  fief.     Ulad)  biefen  man 

weep.  But    also     his     head    fell.       After     these   *one    they 

morbetc  nod)  mefyrere.     3m  Mcjemeinen  finbet  fid)  fc^euget? 

murdered  yet     several.     In  *the      general      *finds  *itself  testified 

brig  u6er  tqufenb  aUmdfjticj  t>erloren  ifyr 

it  is  proved,  that*over  more  than  (a)  thousand  gradually       lost     their 

£ef)en        auf    fo(d)e  2Beife.    2)ie  2eid)en  ber  X;ina,erid)reten  540 

*life  lives  *on  in  such  manner.    The  corpses  of  the       executed 

rtmrben   nid)t   6ea,ra6en  in  a,en)ei!)erer  (Srbe,  fonbem 

were        not        buried      in    consecrated  *earth  ground,      but 


36  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE    STUDY 

am    Ctranbe    be$    93?eere£v  ebct*    \vk    2(nbere    erjdfytenf 

on  the       beach     of  the      sea,  or        as        others         relate, 

t>erfd?arrt    auf       tern   iftrcfytyof    ber  Suben. 

interred     *upon  on   the  church-yard  of  the  Jews. 

Oiaumer. 

Raumer. 


£)te  23efttmmung  be£  S>fenfd)en» 

THE  DESTINATION  OF  THE  MAN. 
2£ir  erOlicfen   auffer  tm§  eine  S3er6intun<jf 

We  perceive    *out*of*us     in  the  world       a         connexion, 

in  wctcher  Uiwx  farm  arfceiten  fur  ftrf)  felufr,  olme   ju  arbeiten  545 

in  which    none     can       work      for     himself,    without  *to  *work 

fur  afle        2Cnbern,  ober  ar&dten  fur   tea  intern 

working   for    all   (the)     others,      or      work         for     *the    *other 

ofyne        ^uojeicf;       §u  ar&eitm  fur  fief;  fet6fr^ 

others  without  at  the  same  time  *to  *work    working  for     himself, 

intern  ber  glurf(id)e  ftorttjano,  SineS  9Jtito,ttebe6  ift  ajutflid)er 

since    the      happy       progress     of  one      member     is       happy 

Sorttjano,  fur  SCKe:    ein    2(m31ic£    ber     roofytttyut    inmg 

progress      for      all :         a  view    which  *  well-does  *inmostly 

imb   erfyeut    md^tig    imfent  @eifr    fcfjon   550 

cheers   our  heart,    and     raises    powerfully      our       spirit  *already 

burrf)     tie     .iparmonie,    tie       voir      erfcfttfen      in     bem 

by         the        harmony,    which       we         perceive        in        the 

^tfermannio.faltiajren.  S)a§         Sntereffe 

*manifoldest  midst  of    variety.        *The     our     interest 

fteigty  wemt  man  tl)ut  einen  Q3firf  auf     ficf>    unb 

rises,         if       one    *does  throws     a        look    upon   himself,  and 

f)etracr/fet      fid)       a(§    SDtitafleb     biefer     grojsen     imtigen 

considers     himself       as      member        of  this       great  close 

SSerOinbun^       £>a3    ©efufyl  unferer  2Btirbe   unb   unferer  555 

connexion.  The      feeling     of  our     dignity     and     of  our 


OF  THE    GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  37 

Sftaft  freigtv  roenn  wit  fagen  un§,  roa§  3eter  untet  un$  faim 

strength  rises,      if      we    say    to  us,  what  each  among    us    can 

facjen    ftcf> :     "  SKein  £>afein  ift  md)t  t>cra,e6cng  unt  jroetf  fo$ ; 

say  to  himself:     "  My   existence  is    not      in  vain     and    useless ; 

id)  6tn  em  notl)roentia,e0  @Iieb     ter    groflen  i?ette,    tie 

I    am     a        necessary      member  of  the    great     chain,  which 

Mil    tec  (Sntrotcfelimg    t»e§    erfkn  9Kenfd)en    $um   gotten 

from    the     development    of  the      first         man         to  the    full 

SBenwIstfein  frimS  £)afein3  hmau$a,eht   6i§    in    tie  Swfgfdt  5G0 

consciousness  of  his  existence      extends      *until  into  *tho  eternity. 

%\k$t  wa§  wax  jematS  $reJ5  unt  meife  unt  etel  unter  ten 

All,     what   was      ever     great   and    wise    and  noble  among  the 

9Dienfd)en,   tiejenio,en  SBcfyftfydtet    &e$    9Jienfd)ena>'fd)led;tS, 

men,  those  benefactors    of  the  human  race, 

teren  *ftamen  id)  finte  aufa,e§eid;net  in  ter     2Belt(jefd)id)tef 

whose     names     I     find          noted  in  the  history  of  the  world, 

unt    tie   mefyreren,  teren   SScrbienfle    fint 

and      the      *more  larger  number,     whose         merits  are 

Dorbanten    ofyne    ihren  Sftamen  —   fie  attt  fyaOcn  gearfceitet  565 

existing    without  their     names    —  they    all      have      worked 

fur  mid);  id)  Oin  gefommen   in    tyre   (£rnte;  auf  tec 

for      me ;      I   *am     have      come       into  their   harvest ;   on  *the 

£rte,     tie       fte    6en>e!mten,    id)    fcetrete  ifyre 

tliis    earth,     which     they      inhabited.         I       *tread     follow    their 

$uJ3Jrapfen    serOreitente   £ea,en.        3d)     fann    era,reifen, 

footsteps  spreading       blessing.  I  can         *seize 

feOaft    id)  w\U  tie  erfyafcene  5(ufa,a6iv 

impose  upon  myself,    as  soon  as    I     will    the     sublime         task, 

tie     fie    fatten   aufgege&en  ftd>         $u  madjen  570 

which  they      had  imposed     upon  *to  themselves,  *to     *make 

unfer  gemeinfameS  Q5rubera,efd)Ied)t 

of  making    our  *common        *brother-race         brotherly    race, 

immer  weifer  unt  guitf  licfyer ;  id)  tantt  fort&auen  ta,     mo 

♦always   wiser    and     happier ;        I     can       build  on  there,  where 

fie     muf3ten    auftyoren;    id)    fann    fcrimjen    nafyer    feinec 

they       must  cease ;  I        can         bring       nearer     to  its 

93ottentuna,  ten  fyerrfldjen  Sempef,  ten    fte   mujiten  taffeit 

completion      the  magnificent    temple,   which  they     must       leave 

D 


38  INTRODUCTION   TO    THE    STUDY 

untioflenber."  2C6ev  roie  fte  id)  roerbe  muffenauftyerenj  ^emanb  575 

unfinished."      But     as    they  I  *shall     must       cease ;       somebody 

fcihfte  faam  fid).  O,   e£   ift   ber   crf;a6enfie 

*dared   might     say     to    himself.  O,      it      is     the      sublimest 

©ebanfe   unter   alien :    voenn  id)   ubernebme   jenc   erbafcene 

thought     among      all :  if        I       undertake      that     sublime 

2(ufa,a&ef  id)  roerbe    nic    hafcen  t>ollenbet ;  id)  farm     alfi>, 

task,        I    should  never     have    finished ;      I       can    therefore, 

fo       a,ertHJ3         bie   Ue&ernefymuna,      berfe(6en      ift    meinc 

•so  as     sure   (as) '  the        undertaking        of  the   same     is         my 

95efftmmuna,r    id)   tarn     nit     auftyoren    ju    mirferi/    unb  580 

destination,         I        can      never         cease         to         act,  and 

mithm      ntc    aufljorm  ju  fetru    2>ag  wag  man  nennt  $ob 

consequently  never      cease      to   be.        That  what   one    calls   death 

fann  nid)t  ab&mten  mem  3Berff  term  mem  SSkrf  fott  roerben 

can     not      break  off    my      work,     for       my    work  shall      be 

Doflenbet,     mttfyin     feine  Slit  i]i  fcefrimmt  meinem  £)afein — 

finished,  consequently   no     time  is    destined      to  my    existence — 

unb  id)  bin  erpia,.       9J?it       ber  Unternehmnna,  jenec  Qtofyn 

and    I    am  eternal.    *With   By  the     undertaking     of  that    great 

2(ufoa6e  id)  ha&e  gcviffen  an  mid)  585 

task        I    have    *torn  *on  *me     put   myself  in  possession   of 

bie  £n>igfet|.     3d)  fye6e  mem  Jpaupt  ful)n  empor  ju  bem 

*the   eternity.  I     raise     my       head      boldly      up        to     the 

brohenben    $elfeno,e6ira,ef  unb  $u  bem  ro&enben  2Ba(ferfrurjef 

threatening         mountain,        and   to    the      raging         water-fall, 

unb   §u   ben   frachenben    SOPolfen    fdwimmenben   in   einem 

and     to     the       crashing  clouds  swimming         in        a 

$euermeer,  unb  fage :     a  3d)  6in  t\vi$r  unb  id)  rrofce  eurer 

sea  of  fire,      and     say :  "  I      am  eternal,  and     I      defy    your 

SDtadrt !         %{U  hvtdjt  \)tvab  auf  mid) ;  unb  bu  £rbe,  unb  590 

power !    (Ye)  all     break  down  upon     me ;     and  thou  earth,    and 

bu  ipimmef,  wrmifrfjt    tud)      im   roilben  £umu(te !  unb  all 

thou   heaven,         mix     ^yourselves  in  the    wild     tumult !       and  all 

ihr  (£(emente,  fd)dumer  unb  toOet  unb  $erreibet  im   roitben 

you    elements,         foam        and    rage    and       crush    in  the     wild 

^ampfe  bag  (e|te  ^onnenfrdu6d)en          be§  ■ftorperS,  tm  id) 

battle     the  last  *sun-dust>v        atom  of  the     body,    which  I 


OP   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  39 

ncnne  mem !  mem  2£itfe  affein  mit  feinem  feften  ^Mane  fed 

call      mine!      my       will      alone  with    *his its  firm       plan    shall 

fd)weben  fubn  unb  trtumpfyirenb  u6ei*  ben  %rummern    be§    595 

float        bold      and      triumphant      over    the         ruins        of  the 

SSettaflSj   benn  id)  f?abe  er^riffen  meine  SBejfimmun<j  unb 

universe;        for       I     have       seized        my         destination        and 

bit  ift     bauernber      ale>    ifyr;    fie  tft  tmi§f  unb  id)  bin 

that    is    more    durable     then    you;    she    is  eternal   and      I     am 

erotVj/  wie  fie." 

eternal,    as    she." 

#itf)te. 

Fichte. 


Ser   ©  1 6)  t  e  r« 

THE  POET. 


5£a§  6eunru!)i$t  bie  9J?enfd)enf  aB         baJ3   fie   fonnen 

What     disquiets     *the       men,         *as    but  that  they      can 

md)t  tjerbtnben    ifyre    Q$e<^rtffe   mit   btn   <Srtd)en,   ba%   ber  600 

not       combine      their      notions     with    the       things,      that    *the 

@enufc     n>egftiel)(t     fid)      ifynen     miter  ben 

enjoyment  steals  away  *itself   to  them  *under   from   among    *the 

£dnben,  baf,  ba§  @5enmnfd)te  fommt  (w  fpdt,  unb  baf$ 

their    hands,     that   the     wished  for       comes  too    late,     and  that 

ntteS  <Srreid)te  unb  Qrrlangte  tfyut  nid)f  bk 

all     (that  is)      reached     and     acquired  *does   produces  not     the 

2Birfun(j   auf  ifyr   £et>  nxtcfye    bit  Q5eiu'erbe  fdjst    fie 

effect       upon  their  heart,  which   *the     desire     causes  them  (to) 

afynen     in  bet    frerne.       £>a§   &)idfa{   l)at   cjefe^t  605 

anticipate  *in    (at)    the    distance.       *The  fate         has      *set 

ben  2)id)tet  $Ieid)  wie  einen  @ott  ii6er  alleS 

exalted    the        poet        like    *as         a         God     over    above      all 

biefeS.     (£r  fie()t  ba§  ©ewirre    ber    £eibenfd)aftem  Jamiu'en 

tliis.        He    sees   the     tumult    of  the        passions,  families 


40  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

unb    0vcid)c    fceroegen      ftdj  $wecf(o$,       er  jiel)t  fete 

and  kingdoms    agitate     themselves  without  design,    he    sees    the 

unaufleslidjen    SXdtbfel     fcer     SKi|»erj?dnbniffef    $ur 

inexplicable         enigma    of  *the   misunderstandings,     *to  for  the 

6ntroitfehm$  benen      eft     nut  ein    einft;16io,e§    CfBort  610 

development     *to  of  which   often  only      a     monosyllabic    word 

fefylt,     wrurfacfyen  unfaglid)  t>erber6lid)e  SCerroirruna,.     (£r 

is  wanting     occasion    unspeakably  destructive     convulsions.        He 

mitfufylt  ba$    %vam\$t    unb     ba$ 

*with-feels    has   a  fellow-feeling    of     the      mournful      and      the 

^reubige   jebe£    £Renfd)enfd)idfat§.    $>er  £>id)ter  mu§  le&en 

joyful    of  every  human  fate.  The      poet     must    live 

ganj       fid>       $an$  in  feinen  $etie6ten  @ea,enfrdnben.    (£r 

wholly  to  himself,  wholly  in      his      beloved  objects.  He 

ber    ift    6ea,a6t         uom        Jpimmet    inncrlid)    auf    ba§  615 

who     is       gifted   *from  *the  by    heaven       internally  *upon  *the 

fofrtidjffcr  ber  Urotityct    \m 

♦most  *costly  in  the  most  precious  manner,  who  preserves  in  *the  his 

93ufen  einen  &d)ats  immcr  wrmetyrenben  fcI6ft  j  cr  muft  lefcen 

bosom      a      treasure    ever        increasing     itself;  he    must    live 

and)  mit  feinen  <2d)d|en  import  in  ber  ftitten  ©lucffeu'gfeifj 

also  with    his      treasures  undisturbed  in  that    still        happiness, 

bie     cin  9teicfyer        fucfyt  t>er^c6en§  fyerr-er^uCrin^en    um 

which     a        rich     (one)  seeks     in  vain  to  produce        around 

ficfy     mit      aufeefyduften  ©litem.  %m\k\)  bie     93ienfd)en,  G20 

himself  *with  by  accumulated    goods.      *On  look  *the  at        men, 

roie  fie  rennen  nad)   ©lucf  unb  23era,nua,en!  Sfyre  SBunfdje, 

how  they     run      after  happiness  and     pleasure !       Their    wishes, 

ifyre  9JhU)e,  ifyr   <55ett>  jaam  rajHoS,  unb    »>ona$?    *ftad) 

their  trouble,  their  money  hunt  restlessly,  and  whereafter  ?     After 

bem   wa$   bee  £>id)ter  tyat  erfyatten  t>on   ber  Statur,  nad) 

that    what    the        poet       has    received  from  *the    nature,    after 

bem     9Hit$eful;t     feiner  felfcft      in    5(nbernf    nad)    einem 

the         sympathy         of   himself        in       others,       after         a 

f)armenifd)en  Sufammenfein  mit  t-ieten     eft    unr-ereinOaren  625 

harmonious         conjunction       with    many    often      incompatible 

2>ingcn.     SfBenn  ber     2£ettmenfd)     f)infd)leid)t  feine 

'.hings.        When  the  man  of  the  world    *sneaks     is  devoting  his 


OF   THE    GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  41 

^rt^e  in     einer  afyefyrenben  $SltUm&)olit  uber 

days   *in  to     a  wasting         melancholy   *over  on   account   of 

$rof,en  QSeriujt  ober  in  au6i}e{af[mer  $reube   flefyt    entye^en 

great        loss  or     in     unrestrained         joy        goes      *against 

feinem  (gcfyicffaf,  fo   bie  empfdn^ufye  leicfyt&ewegltcfye 

to  meet    *to  his         fate,       then  the    susceptible        easily -mcved 

«geefe  be$  ^X>ic^tet6  fortfifyreitet  roie        tie  ^onne  runnbelnbe  630 

soul  of  the     poet        steps  forth    *as  like  the      sun       wandering 

»cn  -ftacbt  ju  %a$r  unb  mtt  teifen  Uebergangen  ftimmt  feine 

from   night    to    day,    and   with    soft       transitions         tunes       his 

Jpflrfe  $u  $reube  ober  2etb.     Singeborm  ouf      bcm  ©runb 

harp     to        joy         or     grief.  Born       *upon  in  the    ground 

feine§  iper^enS    bit    fcbcne   QMume     ber     2Bei?fyeit    wdcfyft 

of  his       heart       the  beautiful    flower   of-*the     wisdom        grows 

l;en?ot>  unb  roenn  bie  2(nbern,  roacbenb  trdumcn,  unb 

up,       and     when  *the     others,  (while)  waking        dream,       and 

rcerben  gedn$fri$t   »on  uncjefyeuern  SSorfrellunflcn  au§  635 

are  pained      *from   with     monstrous  ideas  *out 

alien  ityrcn  ©innen,   fo   er  (ebt  ben  $raum    be§ 

from      all     their     senses,     then  he  *lives  passes  the    dream  of  *the 

2e6en6  at§  2£acbenber  unb  ba$      <gettenfre        rca§ 

his     life      *as  like  one    waking     and     the    most  uncommon   that 

$efd)ie!)t,  iff    tfym  ju^tetc^  2Sero,ano,ent;eit    unb 

happens,      is  to    him     at   the   same   time  past  and 

Sufunft.    Unb   fo   ber  2>icf)ter  tfl         gugftKty         Sefyrer, 

futurity.       And  thus  the      poet         is    at  the  same  time    teacher, 

SBabrfacjer,  $reunb    ber    ©otter  unb    ber   SDtonfcfyen.    SBBic  I  640 

prophet,        friend  of  *the  Gods    and  of  *the      men.  How  ! 

roittft    bur   baf?    er    f;erunterjreia,e   §u  emern    fummerlicfyen 

wilt      thou,  that     he  descend  to        a  paltry 

©ercerbe  ?     £*r  ber  ijt  o,ebaut  tt>ie  ein   QSo$ef 

trade  ?  He  who  is      *built   fashioned    *as    like     a       bird 

urn     ju   u6er  fierce  ben   tk   SOBelt,   §u   nifren    auf    fyofyen 

in  order    to         soar  over        the    world,    to    nestle    upon      high 

©ipfefaf  unb  (^u  nefymen  feine    Iftatjruna,    t>on  ^nofpen  unb 

summits,    and   to      take         his      nourishment  from       buds        and 

^•ruchtetv  aerroecfyfetnb  (eicbt  einen  Sweia,    mit         bent         645 

fruits,        exchanging    easily    one     bough    *with  for  *the   (an) 
D  2 


42  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 

anbem;   er  fottte  juoteid)  §iefyen    am    ^flu^e 

other;       he   should    at    the    same   time      draw    at  the       plow 

roie         ber       Cttctv  gerootynen    fid)    n>fc  bet     «£mnt>  ober 

*as  like  *the  (an)    ox,      accustom  himself  like  *the  (a)     dog,       or 

tnetteid)t    (\at    o,cfd)lcffen    an       bic       ^ette   fid)ern   einen 

perhaps     even       locked        *on  at  *the   a  chain     secure        a 

SKeiertyof  burd)  feincm  QMem 

farm-yard       by       his     barking. 

Co    tyaOeit  bie  9J?enfd)en  getebt  in  Stiten,    roo  650 

Thus     have    *the       men  lived     in     times,  *where  when 

ta$  (£f)rrourbio,e   roar   erfannt  mefyr;   unb    fo     fie    folften 

the        venerable       was  recognized  more,     and    thus  they    should 

tmmer  leOen.    ©enugfam  au$<\tftattet  m  ifyrem    ^nncrfren, 

ever       live.        Sufficiently     endowed     *in  *their  *most  interior 

fie      fceburften     roenia,    r-cn     auffen;    ok    ®ab?f 

within,    they        wanted  little      from    without;     the       gift, 

mitjutfyeilen  l)err(id)e     Q3ttber     tin 

*to  *communicatc  of  communicating   magnificent  images  to  *the 

9Renfc$cn  in  fiijsen  SOBorten  unb  SKelobien  anfd)mieo,enb  655 

men       in  sweet    words     and     melodies  (which)         fixing 

fid)      an  jeben  @5eo,enfranb,  fcejauOerte   t)on  jefyer 

themselves  on    every        object,         *charmed  *from  *ever  has  ever 

bie  SOBelt  unb  roar   cine  reid)(id)e     (£r6fd)aft   fur 

enraptured  the  world    and    was       a        rich  inheritance  *for 

ben   33eo,a6ten.     %n  Sfrbftn    ber    ^cnia,e,  an      bin 

to  the       giflcd.  *On  at  (the)  courts  of  *the    kings,    *on  at  the 

Sifcfyen    bcr    Oieidxn,    tor    ben  %l)uren     ber     93eru'e&teiv 

tables    of  the      rich,      before    the       doors     of  the        lovers, 

man  f)crd)te    auf        fte,    inbem   ba$   OI;r   unb    ok  660 

*one    they    listened    *on  to  them,   while     *thc     ear      and    *the 

Cee(e  »erfd)log       fid)      fur  afle§  2Cnbere;  rote  man 

soul        shut       themselves    for     all      *other     besides ;  as      one 

preift  ftd)     fetig,    unb   flefyt   fHIte,  roenn  tit 

*praises  thinks  himself  blessed,  and  *stands  *still  stops,   when   the 

©timme    ber   fRacfytigatt  l)err-orbringt  geroaltia,  ru!)renb  au$ 

voice      of  the  nightingale      starts  out       strongly    touching  *out 

ben  @fe&ufd)en,   burd)   roeldje   man  roanbett.       <Sie 

from     the      bushes,        througli  which      one      wanders.         They 


OP   THE   GERMAN   lANGTTAGE.  43 

fanben  cine  gaftfreie  2Bett  unb  ifyr  niebrio,  fc^etnenbcr  Otano,  665 

found       a    hospitable  world    and  their   lowly       seeming      rank 

nur  erfyofyte     fie    bejto   mefyr.      £et  £elb  faufd)te 

*only  merely     exalted    them    the       more.        The    hero     listened 

ifyrert      ©efdwjen,     unt>    bet    Ue&ettDinber       bee       SOBelt 

to  their  songs,  and     the       vanquisher        of  the      world 

l;u(bf(}te     bem  3Did)tet>   roeil   er  fufylte,  bag    ofyne   biefen 

paid  homage  to  the      poet,    because  he     felt,      that  without    this 

fein    eigneS    ungeljeureS    £>afein    nmrbe    nut 

(one)     his        own        monstrous      existence     would   *only  merely 

ttoruuerfafyren    aft  tin    Cturmrotnb  $     bee    Sie&enbe  670 

pass  by  *as    like      a  whirlwind ;         the         lover 

rotinfd)te    $u    fiifylen    fo       raufenbfad)  unb   fo 

wished        to  feel       so      *thousand-foldly    variedly     and    so 

fyarmoniftf)     fein   v8ertana,en   unb  feinen      ©enufjj   aft  bie 

harmoniously      his        desire  and        his      enjoyment,  as    the 

kfeeite    Sippe  Derfranb        §u   fcfyilbern   tyn,      unb 

animated     *lip  lips    *was  were  able     to      picture     *him  it,  and 

fel&ffc     ber    9ieid)e  fonnte    nicfyt    fefyen  feine 

even       the       rich       (man)      could       not       *see    observe     his 

Q$efi|tf)umet,   feine  5C6^6tterf  fo    foft6at    mit  675 

possessions,         his  idols,       (to  be)     so     costly     with    (his) 

eiamen    $(ua,en;   aft    fie     erfd)ienen     tfym     tvkudjkt  t>om 

own  eyes,        as     they      appeared    to  him    illumined  *from 

<5J(anj       be§     @5eifre§   fut)(enben   unb    erfyofyenben 

by  the   splendour     of  the      spirit         feeling        and     heightening 

alien  2£ertt).     3a,  mnn   hu   nMttjr  wet  aft 

all       worth.        Nay,       if      thou    wilt  who   *as  but 

bet  <Did)tet   tynt   ^eOttbct   ©otter,   erfyofcen   un$   ju    tfynen, 

the        poet       has     formed      gods,        exalted      us       to      them, 

niebera,e6rad)t    fie  ju  unS.  680 

brought  *down  them   down  to      us. 

©Stye, 
Goethe. 


44  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

£)te  %teu\ai)X$nad)t  etne§  Ungfitcf ttdjem 

THE  NEWYEAR'S-NIGHT  OF  AN  UNHAPPY  (MAN.) 

(£in  alter  93?enfd)  ftonb  in  fcer  9ieujat)r3nad)t     am 

An      old        man        stood    in    the    newyear's-night  *on  *the 

$enfrer  unb  fcfyaute   mit  tern       Q3(icfe  einer  fcawjen 

at  his  window    and      looked    with  *the   a     glance  of  *a    fearful 

SSerjroeijluna,    auf     §um       un6en)ea,lid)en     ewiflsoliifyenben 

despair  up      to  the  immoveable  ever-blooming 

Jpimmelf  unb  fyerab  auf  bie  fHile,  reine,  roeijse  (£rbe,   roorauf 

heaven,     and   down  upon  the    still,    pure,    white  earth,  whereupon 

je|t  niemanb  war  fo  freubens       unb  fd)lafto§  aU  er.    2>enn  685 

now     no  one     was   so  joy  (less)  and   sleepless    as   he.       For 

fein  ©raO  franb  natye  Dei  il;m ;  e§  war  fcloS   t>erbecft    t>om 

Ins   grave   stood    near   *by  him ;    it     was    only    covered    *from 

©cfynee    be§  2ttter6,  nid)t   ttom    ©run 

with  the     snow    of  *the  (old)      age,      not    with  the  green  (foliage) 

ber     3uo,enb,  unb  er     mitsbrad)te    au§         bem     garden 

of  *the     youth,       and    he   *with-brought   *out  from  *the  a   whole 

reidjen    2e6en      m$ti      d§     3rrttyumer/    <2iinben     unb 

rich  life  nothing       but  errors,  sins  and 

^vranf^eiten,   etnen   uerheerten  i\orper,   cine   oerobete  <2ttk,  690 

diseases,  a  wasted  body,  a        desolate      soul, 

tit       Q3rujt   »ott  ®ifti    unb   ein         5(lter   t>o(l 

*the   a   breast      full     (of)  poison,  and     an   (old)    age      full    (of) 

SKeue.       £eute  feine        febenen  3uo,enbfao,e 

repentance.     To-day  *his  the    beautiful  *youth-days  (of  his  youth) 

umroanbten       fid)  at§        ©efpenfier,  unb 

*around-*turned  ^themselves  re-appeared  *as  like       spectres,       and 

roieber  joa,en  tfyn  fyin     t»or         ben  gotten  $D?oro,en, 

•again  *drew  re-conveyed  him  *on  *before  (to)  that  lovely    morning, 

roo  fein  QSater  juerjr  fyatte  a,efrettt  iljn  auf  ben  ©cfyetberoeg  695 

when  [his    father     first     *had     placed   him  upon  the       cross-way 

be§  2c6en§,  ber   6rina,t  red)tS      auf  ber  (gonnenbafyn 

of  *the     life,   which  *brings  leads  on  the  right  on   the    sunny  path 

ber     Suamb  in  ein  roeites,  ru!;ta,es  2anb  t>otl       2id)t  unb 

of  *the     virtue    into   a      large,      quiet     land    full  of    light  and 


OP  THE  GERMAN  1ANGUAGE.  45 

(Srntettf  unb   rcefcfyer      linfS       tynafyktyt  in   tie 

harvests,    and      which    on  the  left  *down-*draws  plunges   into  the 

SDZauIrourf^dnge   be3  Rafters,  in  eine  fd)roar$e  Jpofyfe  r-otf 

mole-walks         of  *the    vice,    into    a         black       cave   full  (of) 

tyemntertropfenben  @ifte§,  roll        $ifd)enber  Sd)Uina,en  unb  700 

distilling  poison,     full    of      hissing  snakes       and 

finfter,  fcf)rt>titer  2)dmpfe. 

o^  dark,     sultry      vapours. 

5(d)  tie  ©cfyfangen      fyinam         um  feine   Q5ruffc 

Alas  the       snakes     were  hanging  *around  on      his     breast 

unb  Ik    ©tfttropfen    auf  feinec  3una,e,  unb  er  nmf,te  nun 

and   the  drops  of  poison    on      his      tongue,  and  he     knew  now 

t.  too    er  n>ar.    <ginnlo§  unb  mit  unau§fpred)lid()em  ©rame 

where  he  was.      Distracted  and    with        unspeakable  grief 

er  rief    fyinauf  jum  Jpimmet:    ©i&    mir     705 

he  (thus)  *called     *up    appealed  to  *the   heaven :        Give  *to  me 

rcieber  bie         Suamb,  o  SSattXr  ftelfc  mid)  roieber  auf  btn 

back    *the  my     youth,     o  father,  place    me      again    upon   the 

©cfyei&eroeflf  bamit  id)     roafyle      anber3.      5(6er  fein  SSater 

cross-way,       that     I  may  choose  otherwise.        But     his    father 

unb  feine  3ugenb  waren  bahin  tdnajt*     (£r  fat)  3rrlid)tee 

and     his       youth       were      gone    long  ago.     He  saw  ignes  fatui 

tanjcn  auf  (Sumpfen  unb  au§tofd)en  auf 

*dance  dancing  upon    marshes    and    *disappear  disappearing  upon 

bem  ©ottesacfetv  unb  er  fagte:  e3         ftnb  metne  fhortcfyten  710 

the       cemetary,      and  he     said :    *it  these  are     my        foolish 

%a§i\  —  (Jr  fat)  einen  Stern  fliefyen  r-om  ipimmef,  unb 

days !   —  He  saw     a        star       *fly      flying  from    heaven,     and 

fcfytmmern  im         %aH  unb  jerrinnen  auf 

*glitter     glittering  in  *the  it's    fall    and    *vanish   vanishing  upon 

ber  (£rbe :     3>as   bin  id),  fagte  fein  6(utenbe$  £er$,  unb  bit 

the    earth :      That    am      I,      said     his     bleeding  heart,  and   the 

©tfyfangen&dfyne    ber       9veue     a,ru6en  baxin   tneiter 

snake-teeth      of  *the  repentance  *digged  probed  *therein  *farther 

in    btn        SOSunbcn.      3>ie  fobernbe  715 

deeper  and  deeper  in     *the  his      wounds.         *The   his     naming 

^Mjantrtfte    p0     il)m     fliefyenbe   *ftad)tn>anb(er    auf  ben 

imagination  showed  *to  him      flying        night-walkers     upon   the 


46  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

3>dd)ern  unb  bie  *&M>mfyU    aufdjofc  brohenb    tfjre 

roofs      and    the     wind-mill      *up-*raised  lifted  threatening  her 

2(rme      $ur  Stvftfaurity    unb      eine      2an>e 

arms    *to  *the    for      destruction,       and         a         *mask      scull 

§uru<%biie6ene  im      $cbtenl)aufe 

having  been  left  behind     in  the      *dead-house   house  of  the  dead 

annatym  aUmdl;lig  feinc  Siige.      93titten        in        bem  720 

assumed   gradually    his    features.  In  the  midst    *in  of   *the     this 

Sfampf  bie   93cufif  fur        ba$  D^eujahr  fluf  nieber    t>om 

struggle    the     music    *for    of   the   new-year  flowed  down  from  the 

$i)urme,  trie   ferner    ^irdjen^efang.       <£v    rourbe    bc\vt$t 

steeple,      like    far-off   church-melodies,         *He  *became    *moved 

fanfter. —  £r   fd)aute    um 

*softer.  His  emotions  began  to  soften.  —  He     looked    *about 

fyerum  ttn  Jpotfjont/  unb  u&er  bie      rc<eite      (£rbe,  unb  er 

around    the       horizon,      and    over  the  far-extending  earth,  and  he 

bad)te  an     fcine  Su^enbfreunbe,     bie  nun  fllucHidjer  725 

thought  *on  of  *his  the  friends  of  his  youth,  who  now      happier 

unb  fceffer  benn  er>  roaren  Seller    ber    £rbe,  QSdter  $(ud'(id)er 

and  better  than  he,    were   teachers  of  the  earth,  fathers   of  happy 

^inber  unb  $efegnete  $)?enfd)enr  unb  er  fagte :     £>  id)  fonnte 

children  and     blessed  men,         and  he   said :        O    I     *could 

aud)  wrfcblummern  wit   ibr  mif  trecfenen  ^(u^en 

might    also  *through-slumber  like  you  with       dry  eyes     (in) 

biefe  erfft  Wafot,  roenn  id)  tydtte  Qtwollt;        nd>  id)  fonnte 

this    first    night,        if        I       had       willed     (it) ;   alas,   I    *could 

fein    fl(utf(id>    ifyr        tl)euern  (Jltern,  rcenn  id)  l)dtte  730 

might     be        happy,      *you  my      dear      parents,       if       I      had 

erf u lit  eure  Sefyren! 

*fulfilled  obeyed   your  ^doctrines  exhortations  ! 

3m      fieuerfyaften      (Jrinnern  an  feine 

In  the  feverish         remembrance        *on     of     *his        the 

3uni}lin(}f^eit,     es      Dormant  iljm      aB  tit 

time  of  his  youth,  *it  *before  *came   it   appeared   to  him  as  if  the 

£,in>e  mit  feinen  3ui]en    tm       $ci>tenl)aufe,       aufmbte 

*mask  scull  with     his    features  in  the  house  of  the  dead,  *up-raised 

fid) ;    enblid)     fie       rourbe  ju  einem  leOenbi^en  Sun^tin^e  735 

itself;   at  length  *she  it  became  *to       a  living  youth 


Or  THE    GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  47 

turd)  ben  2C6er$fau6en,  roelcfor  in  ter  *fteujatyr8nadjt  crOtirft 

by      that  .  superstition,      which     in  the  new-year's-night     sees 

©eiffer    ber    3ufunft. 

spirits  of  *the  futurity. 

(£r  fonnte  fefyen  eS  ntttjt  mefyr ;  er  »er!>u(ttc  ta^       5(u<]e^ 

He   could      see      it     no     more;   he    covered    *the  his  *eye 

faufenb    f>etge  Styrdnen  ffremten     wrfteamb 

eyes,   (a)    thousand     hot         tears        streamed     *drying-*up  and 

in   ben   ©cfynee;  —  er   feufyte    nur    nod)     Uife,    740 

vanished    in     the        snow ;     —   he    sighed  *only    *yet    *softly, 

trofHoS        unb       finnfoe : 

*disconsolately  *and     *distractedly    in    accents    scarcely    audible : 

a  ^emme   rcteber,  Suantb,   f omme    roieber  i" 

"*Come       *back     return,     youth,  return!"  —    — 

Unb    fie       fam  roieber;    benn  fo  furd)ter(td)  er  nur  batte 

And  *she  it    did     return ;       for    thus     horribly       he   only     had 

getrdumt.      Gtr  roar  nod)  ein  3una,tina,$    feine  SSerirrumjen 

dreamt.  He    was    yet        a         youth ;        his  errors 

nur  roaren  a,ert>efen  fein  $raum.     9(6er  er  banfte  @5otf>  745 

only  *were    had      been        no       dream.         But  he  thanked  God, 

ba§    er>    nod)    junc>       fonnte  umfefyren    in       ttn 

that    he,      yet      young,     was   able     (to)    turn  round  *on    in  the 

fd)mu|iam     ©dmjen     be§     SafterS,    unb        $urutf6ea,e&en 

dirty  walks     of  *the       vice,  and  (to)         return 

fid)       rtuf        bie  ^onnen6a()nf    tk    itiUt     in§>      Sanb 

*himself  *upon  to    the       sunny  path,    which  leads    into  the  land 

ber    (Jrnten.     Umsfeljre    mit  ifym,  junker  Sefer,  wenn    tu 

of  *the  harvests.         Return      with  him,  young  reader,       if     thou 

iTebjt         auf    feinem      Srrwege.         £>iefer    fdirecfenbe  750 

art   standing     on         his        way    of  error.         This        terrifying 

$raum     wurbe     voerben      fiinftia,      beta    9vid)ter.       2(uer 

dream        would       become     in   future      thy        judge.  But 

wenn   bu   nmrbeft  rufett  einft  jammemtfti  Rommi  roieberf 

if     thou   shouldst     call     once      miserably :        Come         back, 

fcfyone    3u$enb;   fo   fie   ruiirbe  nid)t  fommen  roieberl 

beautiful     youth ;    then    it     would     not        come        back ! 

9vid)ter. 

Richter. 


48  INTRODUCTION  TO  THE  STUDY 

Set  reicfye  SRanm 

THE  RICH  MAN* 
%n  cinem  2Bintera&enbef    aB    Xpert  O  —   mit   feinen 

On       a       winter-evening,   when     Mr.    O  —    with       his 

$inbernf  Sdtroin  unb  Sljeobor  fa&     am      ^aminfeuer,  ein  755 

children,     Allwin     and    Theodore  sat  *on  by  the  chimney-fire,      a 

fd)tt>ar$cfiea,e(ter  Q3rtef  wurbe  a,e6rad)t    ifym,     tin    er  ta§ 

black  sealed        letter      was       brought   to  him,  which  he  read 

mit  ftd)t6arer  23eroe<png.      *ftad)bem  er  tyattt  adefen  unb 

with      visible  emotion.  After       he    had        read      and 

tt)ieber  getefm  if)n,  et  faftete  ifyn     lanajam  $ufammen,  unb 

again       read       it,     he    folded  *him  it   slowly         together,      and 

fyattenb    iljn  (ange  $n?ifd)en   fceiben   £anben,   er 

holding  *him  it  (a)    long  (while)  between       both         hands,      he 

fal)    gebanfenr-otl  in     ba§  $euer,     £>ie  3vinber  6ctrad)teten  760 

looked  thoughtfully   *in  at  the     fire.         The  children   *regarded 

ifyren  23atcr    mit    a,efpannter  (Srroarrung, 

looked  on  their     father     with    *stretched     intense     expectation. 

(£nbtid)  er  6rad)  ba$  €>tittf($wci<jett  wnb  faatt  x  "  3tyt 

At  last    he  broke     the  silence  and    said :       "  (Do)  you 

erinnert       eud)        nod)    beS    prdd)tio,en  ^allafte^  in  ber 

remember  *yourselves      yet  *of  the    splendid         palace       in   the 

@eomb  t)on  Qamhuvfy   ben    voir  fal)en    im    Doritjen 

*region  environs  of     Hamburg,   which  we      saw    in  the      last 

3>af)re    auf   unfcrer    SKeife,    unb     ber       entfyieft     fo  t-ieleS  765 

year       on        our        journey,    and    which    contained    so   much 

roa$    errea,te  £ure  Q5ewunberuna,  ?"       u  £Ht 

*what  *excited  to  excite  your       admiration  J"  "  *Thou  You 

meinft  ba$    $eenfd)toj;,"    fa$te  Slttroin,   "ba$    liea,t  in  ber 

mean     the     Fairy-castle,"      said     Allwin,     "  which   lies    in  the 

fd)enen   (£6ene    am    ft-luffe,  unb     fd)on     in      ber  $erne 

beautiful    plain     on  the    river,     and      already  *in  at  the  distance 

mad)t     fo     einen    t)errltd)en   ©nbrucf.     %fyi    mid?    ein 

make9    such        a  splendid     impression.        O !        what        a 

f oft(td)e8  £au§ !    ^CCCc        2£anbe  barin  roaren  a,efd)mutf t  770 

costly      house!       All  (the)    walls    *  therein  were      decorated 


OF  THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  49 

mit    ben     fcfyonften     @emd!;lbettf   ade         Sreppen   unb 

With     the  most  beautiful     paintings,         all   (the)      stairs        and 

©die    mit  QMtbfdulenl"     "D  id)  fefye  nod)  ba3  l;erru"d)e 

saloons    with      statues !"  "O     I      see    yet     the    splendid 

Simmer,"  eimfiel  %fyeoborf    u  wo  t>k   fd)onften 

room,"      *in-*fell  interrupted  Theodore,  "  where  the  most  beautiful 

2Mumen>  ©c^mettertin^e  unb  ^ParafcieS&oQet 

flowers,  butterflies  and   *paradise-birds  birds  of  paradise 

waren  a,emal){t  an  fyellfclauen  feibenen  Xapeten,  a(6  c6   ft'e    775 

were      painted    on     light-blue        silk        tapestry,      as    if  they 

wdren    le&enbia,  unb   ba$    ^atura(ien?Sa6inetf       wo    wir 

were        alive        and     the  cabinet  of  natural  history,  where  we 

fafyen  fo  tnele  auetdnbifd^e  %biere."    "  2C6er  bah   fcfyonjre," 

saw    so  many       foreign        animals."       "  But     the  most  beautiful," 

fa^te  %\ivo\\\f  "  war    bod;    ber  ^atfV  ber   scream  un$  vok 

■said    Allwin,      "  was  however  the    park,  which  appeared  to  us   *as 

cine  un6ea,ren$te  2anbfd>ift  unb  erinnerte  an 

like    an      unlimited       landscape     and  (which)  reminded   *on   of 

$CUe6f    wa$    wir    fatten    (jefyort    t>on   $eena,drten.        3>ie  780 

all,   i    that      we        had        heard       of     fairy-gardens.  The 

marmornen  %empet,  tie  fd)dumenbert  £Bafferfdtte>  bie  jritten 

marble        temples,    the        foaming  waterfalls,     the     still 

unb    rufylen  ©rotten  —  atteS    ba$    ftefyt   nod)    t-or  meinen 

and       ccol        grottos     —      all      that    stands    yet    before      my 

5(uo,en,  unb  id)   weijj   nod)   gar   wo\)U   wie   wir   wurben 

eyes,       and      I     know    yet    quite     well,    how     we       were 

u6errafd)t  auf  jebem  freien  offenen  <pia|e  burd)     ttwaZ 

"surprised      on      every      free       open       place       by      something 

*fteue$  unb   @djone§."      "(£6en   t>a  war  e§,"   !;in$u*fefte  785 

new      and     beautiful,"  "Just  there  was    it,"  added 

Sfyeobor,    "wo    bie   @olb   unb    Cil&erfafanen   erfd)redten 

Theodore,  "where  the     gold     and      silver-pheasants     frightened 

un£p    tie      auffToom      fo  fd)mtt.    3Ba6  fur  eine  9ftena,e 

us,    which  were  flying  up    so  quickly.     What  *for     a       crowd 

fettenen  ©ejKuQeB   war    ha     §u   fet>en !  unb    wk 

of  rare        birds         was  there     to     *see      be  seen !   and     how 

wir  wunfd)ten  $u  fonnen         o,enief,en  atteS  bag 

did)    we        wish        to   be  able  (to)      enjoy        all     that    (for) 

E 


50  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

tmmer   unb   mirror!"     «3>r)t  priefet  t>en    23efi|er  790 

ever       and       ever!"  "You  *praised    called    the     possessor 

aller  biefer  JDinge  fet)r  cjfutf'lid),"  fa^te  ber  23ater/  "unb  id) 

of    these     things  very      happy,"       said    the    father,     "  and    I 

ermrorte   &ud),   rcenn  id)  trre   riuty,  b.ifc  man  miiffe  nod) 

reminded      you,         if         I      err       not,      that     one     must      yet 

l;in$urounfd)en     (\av     mandieS,  urn     ju  f'cnnen 

wish  *quite        much      more,  in  order  to    be  able    (to) 

freuert      fid)  einc6  foldx'rt       Q3efi^e?."      "£u 

*rejoice  *himself  enjoy  of  *a      such   (a)  possession."     "  Thou  you 

fagtefo"    einsfiel    $r)cobot>  "  etn  £ranf'cr  vr-iirbe  tod)  795 

said,"      interrupted  Theodore,     "  a         sick      (person)  would    yet 

fein   jicmlid)   gfeidxiiMtig    gecjen         nile   biefe  ®uter;  unb 

be       rather        indifferent   *to\vards  to      all     these     goods ;      and 

voer  Ijatte  ein  unrul)ia,e§  ©eroiffen  fonnte  nid)t  cjenieften 

(he)  who     had      an       uneasy      conscience    could       not       enjoy 

fie     cjar."  "9J?art  mufcte  fyafcen  aud) 

them  *quite  at  all."        "  One     *must    *have     also     (would   want) 

$reunbe,  tie      erfreuten  fid)  mit  une," 

friends,     who  would   *rejoice  *themselves   enjoy   (it)  with    us,". 

fyin$u*feft«  2ttlw>in.      "  So  e§  ifr>  meine  Winter,"  fertsfuV)r  800 

added        Allvvin.  "  So      it     is,     my       children,"  continued 

ber  2Sater>  "unb  tie  ©efdmtte    be§    9Jcannejy     tern     ba$ 

the    father,      "and    the      history      of  the       man,       to  whom  that 

pr<kbtio,e  £au§  a,el)crte,  fcenu'ifet  nur  attjufebr  tie  Diidttiafeit 

splendid     house  belonged,     proves     but    too  much  the    *justness 

biefer  Q3emerfuna,.     (£r  ift  <jefior&en    t>or         wenijjen 

truth  of  this      remark.  He  *is       died       *before   a        few 

%ac\mr        biefer  una,fucfl(d)e  DJcann,  unb  biefer  Q3rief  aje6r 

days  (ago),   this        unhappy         man,       and      this      letter   gives 

mir     bie  9£acr)ridr)tf  baft    enblid)     ber  2£unfd)        worben  805 

to  me    the       news,         that    at  length    the      wish     (has)    been 

geroafyrt,  nad)  (£rful(uncj    beffen    er  fyatte   (jefetynt 

granted,    *after  for  (the)      fulfilment   of  which  he     had      longed 

fid)       fo    fang?    baft   er    fei   cjefier6en."       £ie  Winter 

•himself     so     long,      that    he    *be         died."  The   children 

tt>unfd)ten    §u    roiffen,    roorin    ba£    Unfile!     be$    reidjen 

wished         to      know,    wherein    the    misfortune  of  the    rich 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGT7AGE.  51 

SOfanneS  fya6e        fcefranben.      2>er  QSatet   fcefriebujte  tfyrm 

man       *have  had    consisted.         [The    father       satisfied       their 

2Bunfd)  burd)        foUjenbe  <£r$dl)Iuno,  j  810 

wish  by    (the)  following     narrative : 

"2(bamS   [fo   biefer   reicfjc   unb   un<)(u<f ttdf;e   man  war 

"Adams      [so      this       rich      and        unhappy        man    was 

(jcnannt]     roar    ber    Cofyn    eineS    ffcinen    ^rdmer§    in 

called]  was       the        son         of  a         little  ^trader        in 

!ftieberfad)fenf    ber     jiarO     febr     frufyjeitig     in     burftijjen 

Lower  Saxony,     who      died       very  early  in        indigent 

Umjrdnben    unb    tyinterliefs    biefen  Col;n  unb  eine  einjtge 

circumstances     and    left  behind       this        son      and     an       only 

%otf)ttv.      £in  roeit(duftia,er  SSemmnbter    be§    2Setftor6enen  815 

daughter.        A  distant  relation       of  the        deceased 

ansnahm     fid)      be§  $na6en/   unb   hvadjtt   iljn   $u 

interested    himself    *of  for  the       boy,         and    brought    him    to 

rinem  ivaufmanne  in  $am&urg     in       tk  Sefyre. 

a        merchant       in     Hamburg     *into      *the     *apprenticeship 

3>ie    $od)ter    roar    gener^t    $u    fud)en 

as  an  apprentice.       The    daughter    was        obliged        to        seek 

JTienjr.      2Cbam§  roar  cin  ^na6e   Don   treffttd>en  %nU<\tn. 

service.         Adams    was     a        boy        of       excellent      abilities. 

(Jr    fcemiihte       fid)     ju  gefatfen  feinem  £erm,  ucrrid)tete  820 

He    endeavored    *himself   to     please      *to  his  master,     performed 

fcinc  ©efchdfte  mit  flrojjer  3Cufm«rffamfeit  unb   Sreue,   unb 

his        affairs      with    great  attention  and     fidelity,    and 

roufjte  nod)  aufferbem  $u  geroinnen  3«t  j«c 

knew     yet      moreover     (how)   to         gain        time   *to     for     the 

(£rlernung    amjenefymer   unb    nu|(td>er  ^emttntffe.     liefer 

acquirement      of  pleasant      and        useful        knowledge.         This 

Gnfer     &Iie6     nid)t    un6efo()nt.      <2tin   £err     nu^eicfynete 

zeal  remained    not     unrewarded.         His     master      distinguished 

tl)n  Oalb    r-or  feinen  anbern  £>ienern,  fcertraute   il)m    825 

him    soon  *before  above     his       other       servants,     entrusted  to  him 

bie     roid)ti()ilen     ©efdwfte,  unb  fafj   fie    gebeifym   untcr 

the  most  important       affairs,        and    saw  them    prosper    *under  in 

feinen   £dnben.     SDJebrere   Unternehmuna,en,    ^k    er   l;atte 

his         hands.  Several  undertakings,       which  he     had 


52  INTRODUCTION   TO  THE   STUDY 

Qeroao,t  auf  SKatfy        2(bam§f  $elan$en  uOcr 

hazarded  *on  at  (the)  advice  (of)  Adams,  succeeded  *over    beyond 

atle    (Jrmartuna,,    ermeiterten    fein      SCnfefyen      unb    feine 

all       expectation,        increased         his    respectability    and       his 

23er6inbuna,en,  unb  6rad;ten  ifyn  bait)  in  ten    95ep|    eine3  830 

connexions,       and    brought    him  soon  into  the  possession  of  a 

SSermo^enfv   M  wrmetyrte     fid)     mit    jebem  Sage   turd) 

fortune,       which  increased     *itself  *with   every      day        by 

ftu$e  SSerroenfcuno,.      3ur  £>anf6art""eit 

prudent  management.    *To  *the  as  an    *gratitude  acknowledgment 

er  ernannte         ben      £>iener   ju   fetnem   Xpantel^encffen* 

he   *named  made  *the  his  servant    *to       his         *trade's-partner. 

%bam§>  $cnoj$  fein  ©lucf    efyne    llcfcermutfy.    (£r  t>errid)tete 

Adams  enjoyed  his     luck    without     insolence.        He  performed 

feine  ©efcfydfte  mit  2eid)tuj6eit,  unb  la  fie     §aUn      ifym    835 

his        affairs      with      facility,       and    as  they    afforded   to  him 

oft         ©eleo/nfyeit    jum         SKeifen,    er     Demote     biefe 

often  (an)  opportunity  *to  *the  for  travelling,  he  made  use  of  this 

ju    f)ereid)em    feine    $ennrniffe>    unb     §u    DUben    feinen 

to       enrich  his       knowledge,       and      to        form         his 

©efcfymacf.     (gem   ©efid)tsfret$    erweiterte      fid) 

taste.  His  horizon  enlarged     *himself     itself 

tmmer    mefyr,  fein  Character  flemann  an 

*alvvays     more  (from  day  to  day),    his    character     gained    *on  in 

SefKgfeitf  bee    SScrFe^t    mit  SDIinfc^en    ber  rerfdjiebenften  840 

firmness,     the    intercourse  with        men       of  the    most  different 

5£rt  o,af)      ifym  ©eroanbtfycit,  unb  fo  eS   mar  fein 

*kind  kinds    gave   *to  him      dexterity,        and    so    it      was     no 

2£unber,  &a§      uOcratt      er    fanb  2(d)tuna,  unb 

wonder      that    everywhere    he    *found   met  with    esteem      and 

2ie6e.    £)ie  9veid)en  fuebten  feinen  timpano,,    mil    er  mar 

love.       The      rich        sought      his       company,  because  he    was 

lie&enSwurbio, ;  bie  5(emtern        feinen  9vatl)  unb   eft  feine 

amiable;  the    *poorer    poor      his     advice   and  often     his 

iliifcrfttffmujj   unb       u&eratf       mar  er  fccreit,  $u  ratten  845 

assistance  ;          and     everywhere      was    he    ready,    to    advise 

ba§  Q3efre,  unb  fyetfen    nad)    ^raften. 

the     best,     and     help     *after      *forces     as    much  as  was   in 


OP  THE   GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  53 

%l)t  fonnt    Uidjt    o,Uiu6en,    baft     fat     biefert 

his  power.         You      can       easily      believe,       that     with     these 

©efinnungm  er  wrgag   nidrt   feine    armc   ©cfyfoeffcr.      3n 

sentiments      he    forgot       not       his       poor  sister.  In 

ter  tyat  er     jog  fie   au6  ibrer  ©urftutfrif, 

*the   deed   he   *drew  reclaimed    her  *out  from   *her       indigence, 

unb   tjerfyetratbete   fte  an        einen  tteffltdjen   2anbprebta,erf  850 

and         married         her  *on   to       an        excellent  curate, 

ber   ikbtt   fie,   unb    rourbe   gefefi   in   etne   fehr    6equeme 

who    loved    her,    and       was       placed   into     a      very    convenient 

£.n]e     burd)  Unterjftf&ung         %bam$.      %lad) 

situation      by     (the)        assistance       (of)    Adams.  After    (the) 

SBerlauf  r-on   rinjgen  Safyren  f«m  efyemafoje*  X;err    roarb 

lapse         of       some         years       his        former      master  became 

franff   unb   ate   er   uerlor   bk  Jpeffnung  fnifyer  nod> 

ill,        and      as    he      lost      *the  every       hope        *sooner  *yet, 

«B  bt'e         2£er$te,     aufjufommen  855 

*than   even  before  *the  his  physicians,    *to  *recover  of  recovering 

roieber,  er  Beg  feinen  JpanbeBgenoffen       fommen  $u 

*again,   he   *let  caused      his  partner  (to)      come     *t 

fid),    unb  fagte  ju  ifym  t  %i)  werbe  Men  nidjt  fange  mefyr, 

*himself,  and    said    to  him :       I      shall     live     not    *long  *mors 

ti>  \]i  Sett   ba§  id)  fcejMe  mein  $au& 

much  longer,    it    is    time    that    I       settle      my     *house    affairs. 

Jpeute  nocr)  id)   witt   nieberle^en  meinen  fe|ten  2£t(Ien,  in 

To-day    yet      I      will        deposit  my        *last  will,       in 

tuelcbem  id)  !;a6e    ernannt     bid)  ju    meinem    ein^en  860 

which      I     have    appointed    *thee  you   *to        my  only 

(£r&em      £u  wrbienjt  bk§,    benn   bu   fyaffc 

heir.        *Thou    you  *deservest    deserve    this,        for     you   have 

fcerroaftet      treu      ba§  93veine,  unb  t>ermehrt 

administered  faithfully  *the    *mine    my   property     and     increased 

e§  $ef)nfad).     Ct§  roirb  (jebeifyen  in  beinen  Jpdnben,  unb  id) 

it    ten-fold.         It     will      prosper    in     your        hands,      and     I 

barf         nid)t      furcfyten    ju    fefyen  bm   muhfamen 

*dare    have  not  (to)     fear        *to     *see     (that)    the  hard 

<£rroerb    meineS   2e6en§  (eid)tfinnia,    jerfrreut    nad)  865 

earnings     of  my        life       (will  be)     foolishly         scattered     after 
E2 


54  INTRO»rCTIOW   TO   THE   STUDY 

meinem    $obe,        3Dte    Winter    meinec    ©cfywefter    finb 

my  death.  The    children      of  my  sister  are 

au3$efd)loffen.     €tt    fya&en   nid)t         a,efua,t  fid) 

excluded.  They     have       not      accommodated      themselves 

nad)  meinem  SBillen  unb  id)  6in  ubcr^eu^tf 

*after  according  to      my        *will     wishes  and     I     am  convinced, 

bafj    fie  .  freuen         fid)         auf 

that   they'  *rejoiee    *themselves  *upon    anticipate    with    pleasure 

meinen  $eb."  870 

my       death." 

a  %{\i    biefe    Umfldnbe     id)    twig    cjtofitentfyeilS    au§ 

"All      these  circumstances     I      know  mostly  *out 

eiamem  9)?unb         5(bam§.  3d)  fyarte  ^emad)t 

*own    *mouth  (from)  Adams  (himself.)         I      had     *made  done 

einft  mit      ihm     einio,e  ©efd)dfte  unb  fcefudjte  ifm     t>or 

once    with   *to  him    some      business    and    visited    him   *before 

mefyreren   3^)ren.  dt  aufcfd)(oj$  mir    fein 

several         years      (ago.)        He    *up-*shut     opened    to  me    his 

fl<m$e§  fyxfc     2(1$   et  Urn  an  biefen  <Punftf  et  875 

whole     heart.     When  he  came    (to  speak)    on     this       point,    he 

au&rief:      3d)  Unajudiicfyer. !    3d)  afoufcte  §u  fJefyen 

exclaimed :        *I  o  me,      unhappy !  I     believed    to    stand 

auf  bem  ©ipfel     be§  @5(ucB   6ct      biefet  (Sntbeduna,, 

on      the   summit  of  *the  my  happiness  *by  at    this       discovery, 

id)    afynbete    nid)t>  bag  ba$  Cd)idfa(  tyattt  rjetc^t  mir  cine 

I    anticipated    not,     that  *the        fate  had      laid     tome    a 

$efaf)rtid)e  @d)lina,e."  "  £>rina,enbe  ©efd)dfte,"  et   forfrfufyr, 

dangerous        snare."  "Urgent        affairs,"        he    continued, 

u  notl)io,ten  mid)  ju  mad)cn  unmtttet6ar  nad)  biefem  SCuftritt  880 

"obliged       me     to     make    immediately  after     this       scene 

flu  einet  fleinen  SKeife,     bie  id)  ojaufcte  5U  6eenbia,en 

*to      a       little     journey,  which  I     *believed  hoped  to      finish 

frul>  flenuo,      urn      §u  finben  meinen  $reunb  nod)    am 

early  enough  *in  *order  to      find         my        friend      yet  *on  *the 

Sefccn.  ©et    ^)imme(   fyatte   &efd)loffen      anber§. 

*life      alive.         *The      heaven       had       decided        otherwise 

Qfteine    ©efd)dfte  t>erfdno,erten        fid)       unerwartetet 

My  affairs    (were)    protracted  ^themselves  *of  *unexpected 


OP  THE  GERMAN  lANGtTAGE.  65 

>cife  5  er  ftar6  rcdhrenb  mciner.  2(6nxfent)eit;  885 

♦manner  unexpectedly ;  he    died       during        my  absence, 

unb  erfi  etnjge  Senate   nad)  feinem  $obe  id)   6am    $uriid£ 

and  only    some     months      after       his       death    I    *came    *back 

nad)   Xpaufe  urn     §u  tufynm  in     SBcji^ 

returned    *after  *house    home  in  order  to      take      *in  possession 

meine    (£r6fd)aft.       SDie  ndd)fkn  9Serroanbten  meineS 

(of)     my       inheritance.         The        next  relations        of  my 

t>erjbr&enen  JreunbeS   waren  etn   -fteffe  unb  cine   S^irf^tef 

deceased  friend  were      a    nephew    and      a        niece, 

He;  id)  tt>ei|5  nid)t  wobu«f>;  Ijatttn  gefafeen  auf        fid)       890 

whg,    I     know    not      whereby,      had      *loaded  *upon  *themselves 

feinen    Urimitten.      3fyre     2e6en§art     mocfyte    fcin 

excited        his       indignation.      Their    course  of  life   *might     *be 

Qeroefen  nid)t  tk   regefmdjjiajk;  unb   fie   \)atkn 

*been    was  perhaps    not    the     most  regular,     and  they      had 

(wfejefyduft  cine  o,rof3e  <Scbu(t>en(afi  in 

*up-*heaped  contracted  *a  *great   *debt-*load  heavy  debts  in 

^offnuno,  auf    bie   reicfye  (£r6fd)aft 

*hope      hopes  *upon  *the    *rich  inheritance  of  inheriting  the 

tyreS   OfyeimS*     $(uf  bie  crjie  CRad)vid;t  Don  bent  895 

property  of  their     uncle.  On    the   first       news  of      the 

$obe   beS   reid)en  SCnwrroanbten;  fie  rcaren        f;er6eia,eei(t 

death  of  the    rich  relative,        they  *were  had  hastened  near 

unb  fatten  lajfcn         ba$  Seftament        effnen. 

and      had     *let    caused  the  will  (to)  *open    be   opened. 

£)et  unenrcartete   3>m)aft    tcffctOcn  fyatte  gcfc|t  fie    in   bie 

The     unexpected      contents         of  it        had      put    them  into  the 

Qrofcte      Q3ejtur$uno, ;    fie    waxtn         au^e6rod)en  in 

most  violent  consternation;  they     *were     had       broke  out      into 

bie     fyeftigftett     2Sern?unfd)unajen  o,eo,en   mid);   fie    tyatttn  900 

the   most  violent  execrations         against    me ;      they     had 

o,emad)t  53crfud)e       um^uftof3m  ben  ^Bitten  if;re§ 

made       attempts    to     *over-*turn  do  away    the      will    of  their 

OfyeimS;   afcer.    umfonjh      <2o    $etdufd)t    in    alien    ifyren 

uncle ;        but       in  vain.        Thus     deceived     in       all        their 

<£nuartuno,en;  t>etfo(a,t    »tn        ifyren  ©laufcigcw;  fie  faben 

expectations,      pursued   *from  by  their      creditors,     they     saw 


56  INTRODUCTION  TO   THE   STUDY 

ftcf)       flenotfyigt  $u  enu*eifen  bie  $tudjt.  30*art 

themselves      obliged     *to     *seize     *the  *flight     to    flee.       *One 

faqtt  fie    hdtten   flenemmen  ifyren  2£eg  905 

*said     it  was  said  they      had  *taken        *their   *way     gone 

nad)    ^nglanb.       2Cbam§    nun    nafym    Q3eftfc    Don    einem 

to         England.  Adams     now      took   possession    of  an 

unermefjidjen   QScrme^enf   ba$  nod)    fcermebrte    fid)    ta^ltd) 

immense  fortune,      which  yet       increased  *itself    daily 

turd)  QftM  unb     $teijs.      £)er    $8efi|     einer  fdjcnen  unb 

by       luck     and  application.   The  possession   of  a  beautiful   and 

ue&ensrtmrbitjen  %vau    erfycfyte    fein    ©luct>    unb  innerfyaft 

amiable  wife    heightened  his  happiness,   and       within 

jweier  Saljre  er  rourbe    erfreut    turd)   fie    mit  910 

two      years  *he    *was  *gladdened  *by      *her  *\vith  she  bore  him 

einem  Mobile  unb  emer  $od)ter.    $>amat$  e3  roar,    wo    er 

a  son       and        a     daughter.        Then     it   was,    when  he 

bauti  ba£    fd)one    unb  $efd)ma<ft>otIe  ibau6,   ta§>    tf)r  tyabt 

built    the   beautiful  and         elegant  house,  which  you  have 

Oerounbert  fo  fefyr.  Q:r  fyarte  $efehen  Q3ie(eS  auf  feinen 

admired      so  *very  much.     He    had      seen      much    on       his 

Dveifen,     unb      fcefaf     au^ebreitete     QSefanntfdiafteri     mit 

travels,       and    possessed       extensive  acquaintances  with 

^unfKern  unb  ^unjHennern.       @r    nun      6enu|te      tk[t  915 

artists        and      connoisseurs.  He    now    made  use  of    these 

unb  ifyr  tyxbt  gefefyen     feC6fi>     rocld)  cine  SReruje   ber 

and  you   have       seen    yourselves,  *which  what    a      number  of  the 

fd)cnfren     QSer^ierunflen  er  I;atte  $ufammcna,ebrad;t«       3n 

most  beautiful    decorations      he     had  collected.  In 

jenem  6e$au6ernben  %\iftnt\)alte  er  Ubtt  tk  glutffidfyjlert  $rt$e 

that        charming  abode  he   lived  the      happiest       days 

in    bem  <Sd)oojse  feincr    ^omttte,    unb    in    einem 

in      the        *lap         bosom      of  his       famity,       and      in        a 

nnflenebmen  ^reife  geijfreicf)et:  $reunbe,  tt>efd)e  fcin  9Ceid)tf)um  920 

pleasant       circle  of  intelligent   friends,     whom    his       wealth 

unb  tk  5Cnnel;m(id)feiten  fetneS  JpaufeS  t>erfamme(ten   um 

and   the       agreeableness       of  his      house        gathered         round 

ihn.     %bam§  fcr)ilbcrte  mir  bie  ©liirffcligfeit   tie   cr  bamalS 

him.       Adams    depicted  to  me  the      happiness     which  he     then 


OP  THE   GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  57 

genoffcn    mit    ten    fcOhaftefrcn     ftarben.       a  5Cffc    mcinc 

enjoyed     with    the       most  lively         colors.  "All         my 

2£unfd)e  voaten  erfulltr"  fa^te  er  untet  2(nbertt, 

wishes        were     fulfilled,"    said    he  among    *others  other  things, 

u  ofcec    uielmefnv  mem    @mc£     tii3crtraf   alk§   vx>a§  925 

"  or    *much  *more  rather,    my    happiness  surpassed      all      what 

id)    je     hatte  (affen  traumen    mir.  2£enn  id) 

I    ever    *had     *let      *dream    *to  *me   dreamt   of.      When     I 

fafc   an   bet   Cette    meinet    fd)onen    unb  .  liefcenSwutbwjm 

sat     at      the      side       of  my      beautiful      and  amiable 

@emah(m    t>or    meinem  Xpaufe,  unb  fcfyaufette  meine  Winter 

wife        before      my         house,     and    balanced     my     children 

auf  meinen  .^nteen,  id)  ofouute  ^u  fehen  ein  "parabieS 

on       my         knees,      I  believed  *to    *see  (I  saw)    a      paradise 

§u      meinen  $ttf5en  unb    ladjtt  mid)   aB  Un  930 

*to  at      my  feet      and    *thought     imagined  myself  *as  the 

Q5et)ertfd)et  beffel&en.    2C6et   la$  ojudtidje  2oo§  ba§    wax 

ruler  of  it.  But      the       happy        lot    which  *was 

flefaflen  mit  t?om  .£immet,  t;atte  autjetenft  meine  QMtcfe 

had    fallen    to  me  from    heaven,      had    turned  off      my       looks 

eon  bem  £imme(.      3d)  fyatte  t)er$effen  bie  2Banbel6arfek 

from  *the    heaven.  I       had    forgotten    the      mutability 

atte§  menfd)ltd)en  @luc!6.    %d),  bann  erf},  ati   ber  ebelfre 

of  all      human        happiness.    Alas,    then    first,  when  the  noblest 

unb  6efk  %\)t\i   beffen    roa§  id)  nannte  mein  wax  wttcren,  935 

and    best    part    of  *that  what    I      called     mine    was        lost, 

id)  bacfyte  rotebet  an       &ctt,  unb  mein  fcefttmmerteS  £et$ 

I    thought  again    *on  of    God,     and      my         anxious         heart 

fucfyte   auf  ben,    ben    id)  fyatte  tjcr^cffert 

*sought  *up  was  looking  out  for  him,  whom    I      had    forgotten 

in    meinet    $teube.       €ie         faben   meine     Seifcen,    et 

in        my  j;  joy.  *They  you    saw         my     sufferings,  ho 

l;in$ufe|te,  unb  bod)  iffc  ba$,  roa§  €ie  fehen  nur  ein  amn^et 

added,       and    yet    is  that,  what  you     see    only    a       small 
Sheif  beffeften."  940 

part        of  it." 

di%{$   2Cbam§  faa,te  biefe§  mir,   er      la§        in  einem 

"When  Adams     said     this    to  me,  he  was  lying     in       a 


58  INTRODUCTION  TO   THE   STUDY 

fleinen  Simmer  femc§  SanbfyaufeS,    in     ta§    fcirt  (Strait 

small         room       of  his     countryseat,     into   which      no        ray 

ber    Sonne    turner     auf  einem  53ette,       2Sorl>angc  beffen 

of  the     sun     penetrated,    on       a         bed,   (the)   curtains    of  which 

offneren       ftd)       nur      felrem  (£ine  unl;et(6are  ©id)t 

(were)   opened  ^themselves  *only  but  seldom.    An     incurable     gout 

fyatte  6emdd)tia,t   ftd)  faft   atler  feincr  ©lieber  unb  945 

had  *empowered  *itself  iaken  hold  almost  of  all    his        limbs    and 

angeonffen  fo  fefyr  feine  %ua,tn,  baj$  ber  mattejte 

(had)     attacked       so  *very  much  his       eyes,      that   the   *weakest 

(gd)immer     be§     2td)t0   roar   unertrdajtd)    ifym.      £>ie 

least       shine        of  *the   light      was       intolerable      to  him.      The 

Qerinajre    Q3eroeauna,     *>entrfad)&     ifym      Ik    peinlidjfJen 

least  motion  caused       to    him     the     most      acute 

®d;mer$en,    £r  ansnatjm  nur       felten      Q5efud>  unb  feine 

pains.  He    received  *only  but  rarely   (a)     visit,      and    his 

t>ent)ttttt>ete  <Sd)roefrer  roar  tie  ein^e  ^>erfcn,   bte  ec  modrte  950 

widowed  sister        was  the    only      person,  whom  he    might 

bulben        in  feinem  Simmer,  unb  tie  burfte 

*suifer  bear  in      his  room,      and  who  *durst  was  permitted  to 

forgen     fur        feine  SBeburfniffe.      ©em  S^auZ  roar  obe 

take  care  *for  of     his  wants.  His     house  was  desert 

unb    roo    man  efyebem  pfTe^te  $u  I;oren  tit  <Stimme    ber 

and  where    one    formerly     used      to     hear    the       voice     of  *the 

$reubc>    )t%t    nur    tonten    bte    dn^ftticben    Ceufjer    eineS 

joy,         now    only    sounded    the         anxious  sobs         of  an 

unt)ei(6aren  ^ranfen.      8Cbam§  fyarte  $erabe  baniatt  eintge  955 

incurable        patient.  Adams      had       just  then       some 

teiblidK  2hia,en6u'cfe.     2U§  er  fafy  bftfj  id)  roar  genifyrt  ron 

tolerable      moments.       When  he  saw,   that     I     was    affected    by 

feinem  3n)Tanbe,  er  brudte    mir     bie       £anb  unb  faa,te: 

his  state,        he  pressed  *to  *me  *the  my  hand     and     said  : 

3d;  roitt  auftfcfyiltten  %l)wn  mein  ganp?  #er$«    <2te 

I      will    *out-*pour      open     to  you     my       whole     heart.     You 

nel)men  Sljeil  an      meiner  unajudu'd)en    Sage, 

take       *part   an  interest  *on  in      my         unfortunate     situation, 

unb   i$  fu()le   mid)  erfeid)tert  roenn  id)  fatal  960 

and      I       feel     *me     myself     *eased      easier      if       I     can. 


OF   THE   GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  59 

nieberfe<}en  meinen  Summer  in  cine  rbeimebmenbe  35rufr."  (£r 

lay-down         my  grief    in    a      participating      bosom."    He 

forkfuhr  hterauf  narf)  einer  fteinen  ^aufe :  "  3d)  batte  atUbt 

went  on  *hereupon  after      a       little      pause :         "  I       had    lived 

fecfyS   Sabre  in  ber  a,tiicf(id)fren    Sa^e,    als  meine  ©efdwfte 

six        years    in  the    most  happy  situation,  when    my        affairs 

riefen  mid)  nad)  Sonbon,     wo     id)  muf,te 

called    me        to      London,    where      I     *must     was    obliged     to 

wrweilen  mehrere  Neonate,    (£6  war  fca§  erftemaf,  bafj  id)  965 

stay         several      months.         It     was     the   first  time,    that     I 

entfernte    mid)  fo  lano,e  Don  meiner  ftamifit* 

*removed  *myself   was  absent     so     long     from     my  family. 

Sftcine  (£ebnfud)t  nad)    ifyr       war  aufferevbent(id), 

My  longing      after  *her    it  was     *extraordinary      extreme, 

unb   id)    o,enoj$     wenio,     pon   ben   2fnnel)mlid)feiten     ber 

and      I     enjoyed      little  of      the  pleasures  of  the 

itno,efyeuren  (grabr.    9Q?ein  £er$  war  oeflommen 

immense         city.  My     heart  *was  *anguished     felt     great 

unb  bie     SCfynuno,     eine£   $rof5en    Uttg(ti(f3    fd)ien   970 

anxiety  and   the  presentiment    of  a       great     misfortune    seemed 

ju  lafren  auf  bemfel&en.       (£ine£       'Xa^Z  id)  r-orueisajna, 

to     press    upon  *the*same   it.    *0f  *a  one     day       I         passed 

an    einem   ^Ma|e,    wo    man         eben   mad)te    2(njtalten 

*on        a  place,    where  *one   they    just       made     preparations 

auftufnupfen  einio,e  <StraJ3enrdu6er.      3d)    f)atte 

*to  *hang       for  hanging    some   highway   robbers.        I        *had 

nid)t     tk     minbefte     5uft     ju     t?erwei(en    6et     biefem 

felt     not       the         least         desire     to  *stay         *by       *this 

<Sd)aufpie(ef  after  t>a  id)  borte      ^ufdllifler      975 

*spectacle    witness  this  sight,  but      as     I    heard  *of  *accidental 

2Beife  in    bem    ©ebrdwje,  _baf$   ber   dim  t>on 

♦manner  accidentally  in      the        crowd,  that  *the      one       of 

tfynen  fet         ein  2)eutfd)er,  id)     ein^oo,  bod)  weitere 

them  *be  was    a       German,      I    *in-*drew    made    yet     farther 

Wunbirtuna,." 

*inquiry         inquiries." 

iiigtellen  <Sie     t>or        fid)  meine  QSeftiirjuw), 

"  *Put    *you  *before  *to  *yourself  Imagine    my  consternation, 


60  INTRODUCTION   TO  THE  STUDY 

aB    id)    fyorte   ben  Seamen        Oliwx,  ben  STCamen   tcS    980 

when    I      heard    the      name      (of)  Olivier,    the      name    of  the 

Sftannelj   ben   mem  efycnmlia,er  £etT  i;atte    cnterOt      mic 

man,        whom   my         former      master    had  disinherited  *to  *me 

§u  £ie6e.  3d)     fyoffte     nod)  einen  SfugenOticf, 

*to  *love    in  favor  of  me.       I  was  hoping  yet     one       moment, 

baf;  er  tonntt  fern  ein  5£nberet>  after    ^a    id) 

that  lie    could      be    *an    *other      somebody  else,    but  when     I 

nwf  meine  SCuam  auf      ben     9iid)tpta|, 

*threw    *my      *eyes    cast  a  glance  *upon  to  the  place  of  execution, 

berfefte        ftanb    auf   bev   Seitcr,    in    teffen   wrftorten  985 

the   same   man     stood   upon    the    ladder,     in    whose    *confused 

CDttenen  id)   fanb  nur 

*miens    deranged  countenance    I    *found    discovered    *only    but 

aflju  beutlid)  fete  wofyl&efannten  @5efid)t?$ua,e    be6    (£nterbtem 

too     clearly  the      well-known  features       of  the  disinherited. 

3d)  roar  a/rufyrt  wie  t>om    Conner  fcei  biefer 

I       was  *touched    *as  *from  *thunder    thunderstruck   at      this 

fd)rc<fltd)en  Gtntbecfuna,.    3d)     eifte     ju  Xpaufe  efyne 

terrible  discovery.  I    hastened  *to  *house  home  without 

§u  wiffen  wa$  id)  tyat,  ober  wie  roar  990 

*to  *know  knowing  what     I      did,      or     *how  what    *was    had 

$efd)el)en    mtr.       Unb    faum     l;atte  id)     erfyclt       mid) 

happened    to  me.       And    scarcely      had      I      recovered    myself 

tton   ber       erjTen  (£rfd)utteruna/  at§  id)  Oefam  einen 

from  *the  my   first     *concussion      dismay,  when  I   received      a 

23rtef  t>on   meinec  $rau,  in  roehtem  fie  fd)rieO    mir,    ba|j 

letter   from        my        wife,    in     which     she  wrote    to  me,    that 

unfere    $od)tet         ia<\t         barnieber  am 

our       daughter    was    *lying       *down       confined    *at    by    the 

<gd)ar(ad^fie&er>  unb  aud)   bie  erften  3eid)en  995 

,    scarlet-fever,        and  (that)  also    the      first      *signs  symptoms 

bet    .^ranfyeit  rcurben  ftcfyt&ar:  an  bem        $na6en* 

of  the      disease       became      visible     on   *the   my       *boy      son. 

©ie    bat    mid)  §u  fein  wfyio,  unb  $u  fyoffen        t>a§  Q3efft. 

She  begged  me     to     be     quiet    and    to    hope    (for)  the      best. 

£>iefe   9ladjxid)t  rourbe   fya&en   erfefyrecfr   mid)  unter  alien 

Tills        news  would     have    frightened     me     under      all 


OF  THE   GEBMAN  LANGUAGE.  61 

Umftdnben;   a6er  in       biefem   %lu§cnUi&  fie       roarf 

circumstances;    but    *in   at      this  moment     *she  it  *threw 

barnieber  mid)  ganj*  (£8  erfd)ien  foajeid)    1000 

*down     crushed   me  *entirely  completely.   It    appeared  instantly 

Qewifc    mix,    ba§  meine   briber   roaren 

certain  to  me,    that  (the  case  of)    my       children    *were     was 

ofyne     £offnuna,,  unb  id)  6rad)te,  id)  roeifs  nid)t   fetbjr 

♦without      hopeless,      and      I    brought,    I    know    not    myself 

roiCf  tyre  ©efafyr  unb  Dlir-ier's  unajudlidjes  Sd)idfal  in 

how,  their  danger    and    Olivier's      unfortunate  fate       uin~(a) 

trauria,e  QSerbmbuna,.   $Qa$  id)  fyatte   $ar  nidjt  nod)  $ewaa,t 

sad         connexion.         What    I     had    *quite  not     yet    ventured 

ju  bcnfen  beutlid>    franb  in  biefem  fd)red(id)en  2(u^en0(t(f  1005 

to     think    plainly,        stood    in      this        dreadful  moment 

f far    »er  meiner  <&uk.    %d)  fagte  $u  mix  fe(6fr : 

clearly  before     my       soul.  I      said :    to  *me    *self  myself: 

<Du  fcijt  bie  Urfacfye  Don  0(tt>ter'6  SSerOrecfyen   unb  Sob. 

Thou    art   the     cause        of     Olivier's         crime  and   death, 

£>u    fcefifceft   ba§   23ermoa,en,    baS    cjefyorte    ifym;     lu 

Thou  possessest  the       property,      which  belonged  to  him ;   thou 

6efl|efc    t$,   weil    bu  wrroenbet     bid)  mit 

possessest    it,  because  thou  (hast)  ^interfered   *thyself  said  *with 

feinem  2Borte  fur  ifyn,  unb  fyaft  nicfyt  a,efud)t   1010 

no         word    *for  *him  in  his  favor,  and    hast    not     *sought 

auSjufoljnm    feinen  Dfyeim   mit  ifym.    3e|tf 

endeavored     to    reconcile         his        uncle      with    him.      Now, 

wo   biefer  UnaMdlicfye,  ben    bie  $6tv&miftunQ  irieb 

when    this      unfortunate   (man),  whom  *the        despair        *drove 

auS  feinem   SSaterlanb,  uitf,t    tk 

has  driven  *out  from       his     *father-*land  country,    suffers   the 

Strafe       fur    iin    2Ser6rcd^citf     w%u  feine 

punishment      for        a  crime,        *whereto   to    which     his 

QuifLc$$tk  notljujte  H)n,   bu     Icibcft     in  ber  &najt  fur  1015 

helplessness       forced     him,  thou    sufferest    in   the   anxiety    for 

beine  ^inber  einen  boppetten  $ob  unb      fcuffeft       fur  bie 

thy    children      a  double     death  and  dost  penance    for    the 

(gorajoftafeit,  mit  tt)eld)er   bu  fyajt  fcetrad)tet  bag  Unglucf 

carelessness,    with    which   thou  hast     viewed      the  misfortune 

F 


62  tntroDUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

ber     C*nter6ten.     3d)  Ijattt  nun  fetnen  rut)i<jen  5Cu^en61id 

of  the   disinherited.         I      had    now      no        easy         moment 

in  (Snglanb.     3d)  mufcte         nadj  Xpaufe  unb 

in    England.          I   was  obliged  to  go  *after  *house  home     and 

$miifyt    2Beife  tin  ed;iff  fanb     fid),     1020 

*of  *lucky  *manner  fortunately    a      vessel   (was)  found     *itself, 

ba§    war  then  bereir    §um         %Uaufcn,  unb  ba$  55i(b 

which   was     just   ready  *to  *the  for    starting,      and     the  image 

meiner  Winter  ftanb  immer    t>or    meinen  2(ugen.      %d)l 

of  my    children   stood    always  before       my  eyes.  Alas ! 

id)     foflte    nicfyt   fefyen      fie        roieber !        2£dfyrenb  id) 

I      should      not        see        them         again !  Whilst         I 

umfyertriefc        nuf    bem    9fteet>    bk    Sie&ltnge    meine$ 

was  driving  about    on       the        sea,       the      darlings       of  my 

Jper^enS  roaren         $eworben  tin  diaub   be$    SobeS.     3d)  1025 

heart      *were    had     become       a      prey  of  *the  death.         I 

roar   faum   ana,etanbet>    ate    id)    eilte     nad)       meinem 

was    hardly  disembarked,  when    I    hastened  fafter  to        my 

Sanbfyaufe.      £6  rourbe  9lad)tf  t\)t    id)  anfatitf 

country-house.    *It  *became    night  came  on,  before    I     arrived, 

unb  id)  fat>  t>on  feme  einen  %\)t\i   be§   JpaufeS 

and     I     saw  *from  *far    at  a  distance     a        part   of  the    house 

ftarf     erleucfytet ;  in  ben  bunfetn  Sinunern  Sid)ter  ajna,en 

strongly      lighted ;       in    the       dark  rooms       lights    *went 

fcisrceilen  fyin  unb  fyer.     93ceine    Unruhe   roar  1030 

were  moving  sometimes    to     and    fro.         My     uneasiness  was 

un6efd)reibud>  unb  fo  aud)  id)  fuhr 

indescribable,      and  *so  *also  although    I    *rode    was     driving 

fdjnetf,    bod)    ber   2Ba^en    fd)ien     mir     ju    jftben    fHtfe. 

fast,        yet      the    carriage    seemed   to   me    to      stand       still. 

dnbiid)     roir    ansfamen.       3d)       eUte        fyinauf    tie 

At  length    we         arrived,  I       hastened  up        *the 

Sreppe.       *ftiemanb     6ea,ea,nete    mir.  3d)     rig     btn 

stairs.  Nobody  met        *to  me.  I       threw     the 

ertemtteten  <8aal  auf        unb  fa  I)  meine  $rau   tm  1035 

illumined      saloon  *up  open  and    saw    my       wife   in  *the   her 

©aro,e.      5Cbam§  btelt  inne  hti       biefen  2Borten, 

coffin.  Adams  *held   _*in  stopped   *by  at     these      words, 


OP   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  63 

faftete     bit         Spanbt    unb     fcfyien     wrloren    in     bet 

folded     *the    his      hands       and     appeared         lost  in      the 

(£rinneruno,  feineS  ©d)roer$e§«  £>anrt  er  fuhr  fort :  3$  nu'tt 

remembrance  of  his        grief.  Then  he  went  on :  I     will 

nidjt  6efd)ret'6en  3fynen  meine  (Smpfinbungen.  SDZein  <2d)mer$ 

not       describe      to  you     my  feelings.  My        grief 

roar    ofyrte    ©renjen.  3d)  roar       nteberge  fatten  1040 

was  *without    *hmits    unlimited.          I     *was  had    fallen  down 

finn(oe>   ne6en  bem  @arcje  in  roeldjem  meinc  a,eu'e6te  ©attin 

senseless      by        the      coffin    in     which       my     beloved   spouse 

faa,  fdcfyelnb.    (£in  l;eftia,e§  $te6er   eranff  mid);  icr;  rafete 

lay    smiling.        A      violent      fever      seized     me ;       I    *raged 

mefyrere  %a<\t  fano,  unb  bit    %trftt 

was  in  paroxism   (for)    several      days    *long   and   the  physicians 

$ahm  mid)  auf,    %btv  ad)  I   3d)  tyattt  nid)t  nod)   adeert 

gave      me      up.        But    alas !       I       had       not      yet    emptied 

bit  <&d)alt  meiner    Seiben;    id)  nmrbe  $urucr$ea,er)en    bem    1045 

the      cup       of  my   sufferings ;    I      *vvas        *returned     *to  *the 

£e6en  nnber  atte§  ^rroarten.      9Son 

*life    recovered  *against  contrary  to     all      expectation.       From 

biefer  %tit  an  mein  §au§,   ba$   roar         cjeroefen   ttorbem 

this     time  *on    my      house,  which  *was  had      been         before 

ber  2Bolmfi§    ber    $reube  unb  3ufrtebenl;eif>  erfcfyien    mir 

the     dwelling  of  *the     joy      and    contentment,    appeared  to  me 

wit    tin    offenee   @ra&>    bad      I;atte    »erfd)fun<jen    meine 

as       an       open       grave,    which       had       swallowed  my 

©elie&ten.       2Bo!)in     id)  tvat,  vooljin    id)  xid)tttt   1050 

beloved.         Wherever     I    *trod    went,    wherever     I     directed 

meine     5fuo,enf    id)    fat)     nid)t$     aU  bit    (gpuren 

my  eyes,  I       saw      nothing     *as    but     the        traces 

d&o,efcf/iebener   $reuben,  nad)     benen    id)  fd;i<fte   umfonft 

of  departed  j°ys>       after  *to  which     I       sent        in  vain 

meine  Sfyrdnen  unb  (geufter.    %htv  and)         ber   @enuj? 

my  tears       and       sighs.         Eut    *also  even  the  enjoyment 

etner  roefjmutljitjen  $raurio,6eit  roar  nid)t  r-ertjcnnt     mir; 

of  a  woful  sadness         was     not       granted      to  me ; 

benn  Clioier^  furcfyterlidjc  ©eftatt  brdngte      fid)  1055 

for      Olivier's       dreadful        figure     pressed     *herself     itself 


64  INTRODUCTION  TO  THE  STUDY 

jwtfdjen  bie  tfyeuern  ©fatten  meiner  ^inber   unb  meiner 

between    the      dear        shadows      of  my    children   and    of  my 

3elie6ten    $rau.      3d)    faty    il)n   wadjenb    unb    fd)lafenb. 

beloved        wife.  I       saw   him     waking      and       sleeping1. 

QBic    oft    Din        id)  aufyefafyren  in  tebttid)er  2Cngjt 

How  often  *am  (did)  I     *up-*started   start  in      mortal      anxiety 

twit  rwinem  33ette,  roenn  id)  far)  ifyn    im  Sraume, 

from      my         bed,      when    I     saw  him  in  *the  my     *dream 

vote   et    ern>iira,te  meitte  ^inbct>  ober  1060 

dreams,  *how  *he   ^strangled    strangling       my     children,      or 

ftur$te  fie   in  tie  ft-lammen  meine§  JpaufeSf  obet 

*threw  throwing  them  in  the       flames      of  my      house,        or 

fdmpfte  mit  mir,  unb    forberte  meine 

♦struggled  struggling  with  me,    and  *demanded  demanding    my 

QaUr       bie    er  nannte  fein  retf)tmaj$ia,e§  (Si$entt)um.  £>iefe 

possessions,  which  he  called    his      legitimate        property.    These 

Sr&ume  fd)ienen    mic    immer  met;r  5U  fein  bie 

dreams     seemed    to  me  *always  more  (and  more)    to     be    the 

^timme    be§     ©eroiffenS.      SBeine   Oejien  ©titer   roaren  1065 

voice      of  *the  conscience.  My        best       goods      were 

bafyin,  unb  rca$  id)  nod)  \jcitk,  mad)te  mic 

♦thereto  gone,  and  what    I     still     had,     *made    gave     to  me 

mer)t  feine  $reube.     3d)     ansfaf)     biejj  dU  einen 

(further)  *more    no     pleasure.        I     looked  upon  this     as        a 

Q5eroeifj,  baf,  id)    6efdf,e    e§  mit  Unred)t." 

proof,      that     I    possessed   it   with  injustice." 

h  5(d) !    mein   $reunb,    forfcfuljr    %bam$   mit    einem 

"  Alas !      my         friend,      continued      Adams   with        a 

@euf$ety  id)    rcmrbe   fein    (jewefen    ajurfttd)/    roenn   mein  1070 

sigh,         I      would     *be    have  been     happy,  if         my 

©eroiffm  t)dtte  o,efprod)en  frei  mid)  u6er       biefen 

conscience    had     *spoken     *free  acquitted   me    *over  on      this 

*Punft.      3d)    fcurfte  acrroerfen     mir  auf 

point.  I       *dared    could       reproach    *to  *me  myself  in 

feine    2Beife    §u   I)a6en  erwor&en    auf         eine 

no      manner  *to    *have  with  having   acquired   *upon  !  in      an 

unted)tmdf3ia,e    SEBcife    hah  Xtftamtnt  meineS    $-reunbe$$ 

will  of  my  friend ; 


OF  THE   GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  65 

a6et  fyrttte   id)   aud)  getfyan  t>a§  SDtinbejie  $u  mifbem  ben  1075 

but      had       I     *also       done     the        least         to    mitigate    the 

fyarten  (Sntfdfyfufr  burd;  roehfyn  er    entente    fetne  ndd)ften 

severe   resolution,      by       which     he  disinherited    his  next 

SSerrnanbten  ?    £>iefe  Unterlaffuna,    qudtte    mtd^  \iktf  unb 

relations?  This       omission       tormented  me     now,    and 

id)    §usredhnete       mir  OlimerS  Xtyatin 

I    *to-*reckoned  *to  *me  put  to  my  account   Olivier's     deeds 

unb    feinen    $ob.       (£3    voat    $an$    umfonft    baj$    id) 

and        his        death.  It      was     wholly     in  vain       that       I 

befdmpfte  biefen     ©ebanfen ;      cr         1080 

*com  bated      struggled     against     this  thought;  *he    it 

%mufch\)ttt  immer   uneber;    unb    wnn  id)  fyattt  entfernt 

returned        always    again ;       and         if        I       had     removed 

tfm        am  $a$e,    er         er^riff  mid; 

*him    it    *on     during    the     day,      *he    it    seized      upon  me 

mdd)tio,er  be§     %lad)t$.      Smfimaft;    a(3     id) 

more  powerfully   (in)  *of  the     night.  Once,        when      I 

warf    mid)  umfyet*  unrubia,     auf       meinem 

*threw    *me    was  turning    about     disquietly  *upon  in       my 

35ettcf        cinsfiel     mir     pto|(id>    rooran  id)  fyatte  1085 

bed,     (it)    occurred  to  me    suddenly,  *whereon  what     I       had 

n\d)t   nod)   o,ebad)t>    bafj   Dlimer   $tyabt  eine    ®d)Xt>tftetf 

not       yet   thought  of,  that      Olivier        had         a  sister, 

unb    baf?    er    rodre    entjTofyen    mit    biefer.  $>iefer 

and      that    he       had      fled  away    with    *this     her.  This 

©ebanfe  pel  auf  ba$        £er$  mit  neuer  ©eroalt.     %hit 

thought    fell  upon  *the  my  heart  with    new        force.  But 

eben    fo  fd)ne(l    tin   fd)road)er    <2d)immer     be£ 

*just  *so  equally      fast        a  weak  glimpse      of  *lhe 

SrofteS     (eucfytete    mir      barauS.  ©ottfofc      1090 

consolation      shone      to  me     *thereout  from  it.        *Praise    God 

id)    aus?riej>    t>ietteid)t  id)  fann   mad>en    cjut 

be   praised,     I      exclaimed,     perhaps      I      can       *make    *good 

bod)  einen  tyiil  meineS  Unred)t§.      %i)  will  retten 

repair    yet        a       part      of  my       wrong.  I      will     save 

fie,     roo      and)  fte   maa,   fern.  •  J  Wit   biefen 

her,  *where     *also    wherever    she    may    i  be.  J      With    these 
F2 


66  INTRODUCTION  TO  THE  STUDY 

SBorten  id)  fprano,  auf        imb  mad)te   fogteid)    2(nftalten 

words      I      *lept    *up  rose  and    made     instantly  preparations 

$ur  2(ftreife,     Sftiemanb        fcegriff  1095 

*tb  *the  for  my  departure.       Nobody      *comprehended   guessed 

meine   2(ftfid)t>   benn  id)  fyatte  am>ertraut  mid)  *ftiemanb. 

my      intention,     for       I      had.       confided     myself  to  nobody. 

3ebermann    §\auhtt,   fcafj   ber  Sob      ber  9#einia,en 

Every  body      believed,    that    the    death    of  *the  my       *mine 

fci         tie   Urfad)e  meiner  Srauria^eit.    3d)  fam 

family  *be  was   the      cause      of  my       sadness.  I      came 

nad)        Sonbon.       3d)    erbietr,  mit  unfdottcfyer 

*after   to    London.  I     *received  got,  *vvith  after  unspeakable 

Qftufye  eini^c  *ftad)rid)ten  t>on  bee  ^erfon,   tie  id)     fucfyte;     1100 

trouble  some         news         of    the    person,  whom  I  was  seeking; 

after  bie  ®puren  iftreS   £>afein§    roaren    fajt     t>erruifd)t> 

but    the      traces    of  her  existence     were     almost  *wiped  *ofF 

unb  ba§  2Benia,e,   roa$  id)  erfufyr  war  nid)t  a,emad)t 

lost,  and    the        little,       what     I     heard     was     not      *made 

auf^ufyeitem  mid).         2tu3  Stttem 

conducive  to  cheer  *up     me    (up.)    *Out  from      all     (I  heard  it) 

wurbe  roafyrfd)einlid>  bag  fie  fei      a,ea,ana,en  nad)  5(mertfa« 

was         probable,        that  she  *be  had      gone        to     America. 

3d)    eitte    nad)  ifyr  aud)        tortt)irtf  after    ofyne  Gtrfola,.    110£ 

I    hastened  after  her  *also  even  there,       but    without  succcess. 

<&o  id)  twrfefyroenbete       mefyrere  3^re    mit       frucfytlofen 

Thus   I      ^squandered   lost  several     years  *with   in     fruitless 

55emu1)uno,eiv  ftiS  id),  nieber^efd)(a^ener  at3  je,  ^uritdfefyrte 

endeavors,       till    I,      more  down-cast    than  ever,      returned 

nad)   ipaufe.  {Die  tnelfdltiam  Dveifen,    bie 

*after    *liouse     home.         The    *manyfold    many     journies,  the 

©efafyren,    bie    id)        au^efknbertf   bie     Unrufye,     bie 

dangers,    which   I   (had)    undergone,        the    uneasiness,  which 

niematS  Dertieg  mid)  —  atteS  biefeS  l;atte  aufameften  meine  1110 

never       left        me   —    all       this      had        broken         my 

^rdfte,  unb  id)  t-erfani  athndfylia,  in  ben  fyiilffofen 

*forces  strength,  and     I      sunk      gradually    in    the     helpless 

Suftanb,  in  roehfyem  <£ie    erftlirfen   mid)  jeft      SD^einc 

state,       in      which      you         see  me     now.  My 


OF  TIIE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  67 

©efunbfyeit  iji  twwteber6rm<$3)  wrtoren;  meine  SKeidjrfyu'mcr 

health        is      irrecoverably  lost;         my  riches 

finb   t>erfyaf3t     mir;     unb    atte    meine    Jpoffnungen   ftnb 

are      odious      to  me ;      and      all        my  hopes  are 

$efeft  auf  ben  Sob,  welder  rcirb  erlefen  mid)  t>on  meinen  1115 

put     upon  *the  death,    which     will    release  me    from      my 

Seiben    unb  futjren  mid)  §uruc!  in  bie  SCrme  meiner@attm 

sufferings  and      lead      me     back  into  the  arms    of  my  consort 

unb  twiner  ^inber." 

and    of  my    children." 

tt  £>ie6  ift  bie  @5efd)id)te  be§  6ebauern§rourbi<5en$Kanne3f 

"  This  is  the    history    of  the  deplorable  man, 

ben    bie  25ernad)(dfftgun(j  einer  ein^en  menfd)enfreunbtid)en 

whom  the  neglect  of  a     single  humane 

£anbhm$    Ijattz    $emad)t    fo   unau5fpred)(id)    un$(ud(id)»  1120 

action  had      rendered    so       unspeakably  unhappy. 

9htr    ein   fefyr   ebler  SDknn   fcnnte    anftagcn      fid)      fo 

Only      a     very    noble      man        could        accuse        himself  so 

f)avt    urn  roitten  einer  fo(d)en      Unterlaffun^  unb 

strongly  on  account   of  *a    such    (an)      omission,       and  (could) 

fiifylen  eine  fo  (awje      Dieue.       9?ad)bem  er  I;atte  ju<jc6rad)t 

feel       *a   so  long  (a)  repentance.        After      he  had       passed 

mefyrere    Sftfyre     nuf         hk    rrauri^fte     SBeife,      fetne 

several        years      *upon    in    the       saddest         manner,        his 

<Sd)\vejftr  ftarO,    beren   ©e^ennmt   unb    Conjfatt    \)attt  1125 

sister  died,     whose      presence        and         care  had 

er(eid)tett  feine    Seiben.    £)iefe§  neue  Un^lttd:   6efd)(euni^te 

alleviated    his    sufferings.      This     new   misfortune     hastened 

feinen  $ob.      2tt3    ec  fufytte  bie  ^tnndfyerun^  bej[e!6enf  er 

his     death.      When  he    felt      the      approach  of  it,     he 

banfte  <3ott   mit   un6efd)reiblid)er  ftreube,  la§  er  rcotlte 

thanked    God    with       indescribable  joy,        that  he     would 

6efreien  tfyn  enblid)  nu§  biefem    Suftanbe,      STemt 

release    him    finally   *out    from      this  state.  For 

feine   2eiben    fatten   getrennt  ifyn    ianofl    Don  ber  2Be(t,  1130 

his    sufferings      had     separated    him  long  ago  from  the  world, 


68  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

imb  er  fehrtte       fid)       nad)         bem  £immei,  imb  ber 

and  he    longed    *himself    *afler  for    *the      heaven,     and  *the 

9tuhe    im     @ra&e." 

rest    in  the    grave." 

*t  <So  ba$    cn<jc    imb  finffere  ©raft  fatttt  roerbert  tie&er 

"  Thus  the    narrow   and      dark      grave     can    become  dearer 

bcm  fDZenftyetv  ate  ber    ajdm/nbfte    ^altafh     <2o  roenia, 

to*the       man,        than  the  most  brilliant     palace.         So     little 

farm  ber     95efi|      duffercr     ©titer  madden  un§  ajuctlid),  1135 

can      the  possession  of  external    goods       make       us       happy, 

roerm  e§  ift  nicfyt  »er6unbm    mit    bem      33efifc         be$ 

if       it     is     not       connected     with      the     possession     of  the 

fyocfyfrert    @5utey    bem    inrtern   ftriebetv  ber  Stniflfrit    mit 

highest      good,       the     internal      peace,      the      concord     with 

un§  imb  bem  3wa,niffe  *tM$  Cuten  ©^tDtftens." 

*us  ourselves  and    the    testimony    of  a     good    conscience." 

Jacobs. 


%n\djlaQ§%ettd      im    9lamm    son    tytylabepfya, 

HANDBILL        IN  THE    NAME      OF  PHILADELPHIA, 

aU     btefer  u>ar        angelommen   in 

WHEN   *THIS    HE    *WAS  HAD     ARRIVED     IN 

©ottingcn,  7-  San.  1777. 

GCETTINGEN,  7.    JAN.      1777. 

permit       mirb  $emad)t  befannt  alien  $ie6ha6ern    ber 

Hereby  (it)     is  made      known    to  all     amateurs  of  *the 

u6ernaturltdr)en    ^)hnfif>    baj?    i>or    einiam  ^en         ber  1140 

supernatural       philosophy,  that  *before    some    days    (ago)   the 

roett&erufymte    3<m6erer  <)M)i(abe{prm»  <)M)i(abetpf)ia,    beffert 

•world-renowned     wizard     Philadelphus     Philadelphia,  of  whom 


OP  THE   GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  69 

fcfycn  (Sorbanu§  tyut  <£rto&$mxxi$  in  fcinem  %>ufy 

already    Cordanus    *does     makes       mention       in      his       book 

de  natura  supernatural^  intern         er  nennt         tl;n  Uxi 

de     natura      supernaturali,       *as      when  he  Barnes  calls  him  the 

35enebeiten  uon  Spimmtl    unb    £olle,   \\t   an$elan$t 

blessed      (one)  from    heaven         and       hell,        is       arrived 

aUtyier   auf        bee  orbinaren       <Pofl>       cOaJeid)  e3  ware  1145 

here    *upon   in    the    common     stage-coach,   although  it  *were 

geroefen  tin  SeicfyteSr  §u  fommen   buret) 

Would  have     been       an      easy        (thing),    to      come     through 

tie    Shift.      *ftam(irf)   e6       ift  berfel&e,    ber     im     %\l)tt 

the      air.  Namely     *it   he   is  the  same,  who  in  the      year 

1482     fcf)mtJ5     einen     ^naul      Q5mbfabcn       in       tit 

1482         threw  a  hank          pack-thread       into      the 

SBoIfcnr    unb      taxan  fletterte    in    bie    Suftf 

clouds,       and     *thereon      on      it     climbed    into    the       air, 

t)iS     man      fat)     il;it  nid)t    mefyr,      (£r  1150 

until     *one    [  *saw    *him    he    was    seen     no  more.       He 

rotrb   anfawjett   mit        tern    neunten        Sinner   biefe$ 

will         begin       *with    on    the         ninth      of     January  of  this 

3ahr§,  $u  lecjen  t>or     ben  %uytn  be§  <pu&lici  feine 

year,   *to  *lay  displaying  before  *to  the    eyes  of  the  public     his  ' 

Qtin^alertYmjk    offentu'efcfyeimtier),    unb  fortfd)reitert 

One- Dollar-arts  openly -secretly,         and  (will)        continue 

roocfyenttid)  §u  t>erOeffernf   6t§     enblicr;    er  fommt  $u  feinen 

weekly       to      improve,     until  at  length    he   comes    to      his 

500  SouBb'orsStucfen,        barunter       fceftnben       fid)        1155 

500       Louisd'or-pieces,         among  which         *find     *themselves 

einia,e,     t>kr    §u   reben     ofyne     ^rahlerei,   fel&jl: 

there  are    some,    which,   to    speak    without     boasting,      even 

u&ertreffen  ba6  ^Bunberuare,   \af  §u  fa$en  fey 

surpass       the       wonderful,      nay,  *to    *say   *so  it  may  be  said, 

ftnb  fd)led)terbino/3  unmcottd).     (£§    berfel6e        tyat  cjefyaOt 

are  entirely  impossible.       *It  *the  *same  he  has      had 

tie  ©nabe  ju  niacin  feine  ^unffe  mit 

-the  *grace  honor    to    *make     display      his       *arts     skill    with 

bem   gr&fiten    Q3eifat(      t?or     alien   t;ot>ert   unb    niebria,en  1160 

the      greatest      applause     before       all  high       and  low 


70  INTRODUCTION   TO    THE   STUDY 

<potentaten    alter    t>ier  GrrbtheUe,   unb  nocfy  t>oria,e  2Bocfye 

potentates      of   all     four   continents,     and     yet      last        week 

and)  fogac         im         fiinften    per    3tyro  ^^ajeffdt/   bet 

♦also    even    *in  on  the        fifth      before    her        majesty,      the 

^oniojn  auf      Dtafyeite.      (£r  TOirb  (affen  fel;en       ftdg> 

Queen  *upon  in  Otaheite.        He  will      *let      *see     ♦himself 

atte  %aa,t        unb    afle  ^tunben, 

Bhow  his   skill  *all  every  *days   day  and     *all  every     ♦hours, 

be§     $aa,e§/    au&jenommen    nicfyt  SDtontao,^    unb  1165 

hour    of  the       day,  except  *not      Mondays,      and 

SDonnerftog^    too    cr  wrjagt  tit  ©rttten    bem     (longreffe 

Thursdays,      when  he  dispels    the    vapors  *to  of  the   congress 

feiner  Sanbsleute  ju  ^pi>t(abe(pl>ta^  unb  nicfyt  i>on   11 — 12 

of  his  countrymen  at    Philadelphia,     and    ♦not  from"]    11 — 12 

\ll)V,  too    cr  ift  ewjaairt  $u  (Sonjrantinopet/  unb 

♦watch   o'clock,  when  he    is    engaged    at    Constantinople,    and 

ntdjt   »on    12 — 1    Ul;r>     too    er   fpeifet.     SBir   TOotten 

not      from      12 — 1     o'clock,  when   he    dines.         We        will 

an$e6en  einia,e  t)on  ttn    2ttlta$ejtu<fen    $u  Ctinem  Scaler;  1170 

note        some      of     the  every-day's-pieces  at      one       Dollar; 

nicfyt  foTOofyl   bie  fcejftn,  ati        t>ielmehr   bie,     bie    (affen 

not    so  much  the     best,     *as    but    rather      those,  which    *let 

faffen  ftcfy  mit        ben 

♦comprehend  *themselves  may  be  comprehended  *with  in    the 

TOenigften  SBorten. 

fewest         words. 

1.  "Dfyne   §u  flcfyen  aui    ber    Ctu&e,  er  nimmt 

1. "  Without  *to     *go    going  out    of  the    room,    he     takes 

gfr  ttn  SSettertyafyn  t>on  bee       Sacotj&fircfye       unb    fefet    1175 

off  the    weathercock  from  the  church  of  St.  Jacob    and   places 

tt)n      ouf  tit    3ofyanni?fird)e     unb  TOteberum  tit  ftafynt 

♦him  it  upon   the  church  of  St.  John  and       again      the     flag 

beg    $trd)tfyurm§    3ol)ftnm$   auf  bie       3aco6§fird)e. 

of  the    steeple    of  St.  John  upon  the  church  of  St.  Jacob. 

2Benn   fie  ^efrecft  ein  paar      SDtinuten  er  6rtn^t 

If     they  (have  been)  fixed    a     *pair  few  minutes     he  brings 

fte   TOieber     an  Ort  unb  @tette. 

thera    again    *on  to  (their)  *place  places  *and    ♦spot. 


OP   THE   GERMAN    tANGUAGE.  71 

ft.  05.    %M         ofyne    Sftaanetj    burd)        bie  otojse  1180 

N.   B.        All   (this)  without   magnet,    *through  by*the  mere 

©efcfyrcinbia/eit. 

quickness. 

2.  £r  fdfst      fid)  erne    Jpofywt     6rina.erv 

2.   He  *lets  *himself    causes    an  ax  *  bring    to 

unb  fc()(dc|t    bamit     sor        ben  $opf      einen 

be  brought,  and    strikes  there-with  *before  on  the    head  (of)     a 

(Shapeau,  baj$  er  fdttt  jur    (£rbe  uric   tobt.     2(uf 

gentleman,   that  he    falls  to  the  *earth  ground  as  if   dead.      Upon 

bfr  £rbe    er  »erfe|t    itym    ben  ^wtiten  Streirt>  ba     1185 

the  ground  he    gives     to  him    the     second     *stroke  blow,  when 

ber    dtyaptau   auf jftfyt     fc<)feu(>     unb  (jemeiniajicfy  fragt : 

the    gentleman       rises       immediately,  and     commonly        asks : 

voa$  fur  eine  SDtuftf  ba3  fei?  Ucfa'genfi  fo      $efunb  i 

what  *for    *a     music    that  *be    was  ?     Otherwise  *so  as  healthy 

al$  t>orber. 

as     before. 

3.  (£r    $iel;t         au§  fanfr  Ik  3dhne      brei         6i3 

3.  He  *draws  pulls  out  softly    the    teeth   *to  of  three  *  until 

»iec  £>amen,  Idft  fie  fd)uttetn  burtf)    1190 

or  four      ladies,     *lets  suffers  them    *shake  to  be  shaken  *through 

einanber   forgfaltia,  in  einem  Q5eute(f  bann  (abet    fie     in 

♦another      carefully   into      a  bag,        then     loads  them  into 

tin  fteine£  fteibfiucrV  unb  feuert  fie    auf       bie         £epfef 

a       little    field-piece,  and    fires    them  *upon  at  *the  their  heads, 

wo    benn  3«be  \jat  roieber  if^re  Sdfyne,  rein  unb 

when  *then    each  *has  possesses    again    her      teeth,     pure   and 

weifj. 

white. 

4.  £r  nimmt  atte    Ufyren,    9vina,e  unb  Suroeten    ber     1195 

4.  He      takes      all    watches,     rings     and      jewels    of*the 

$(nroefenben,  and)  &aarc§   @e(b,   roemt  e§  rotrb 

♦present      his  audience,  also     ready    money,       if       it       is 

tterUingt  unb  au&jMt  einen    @<fyem        3ebemf      roirft 

required   and      gives  an        attestation  to  every  one,  throws 

aUe§    fyierauf    in    einen  Coffer,  unb    reifet    bamit   nadj 

all     hereafter     into       a  box,      and    travels    with  it       to 


72 


INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 


(Safief.     Wati)  od)t  %a$m  jebc    <perfen  §erreif3t  tymi 

Cassel.       After    eight      days  every     person     tears        *her    his 

<£d)etn     unb  fo    roie    bcr    DCijj   ijl     turd)  1200 

attestation    and  *so    *as   *the  *rent    *is  *through     as   soon    as 

fo      Ufyren,    SKinge   unb   %umlm   finb 

the  paper  is  torn,   then  watches,     rings      and       jewels        are 

fca    roieber.     Crr  ^af  wrbtenet       fid)       piel     @5e(b    mit 

there    again.       He   has  gained    *to  *himself  much  money  with 

biefem  ©tucfe." 
this       piece." 

2id)ten6enj. 

Lichtenberg. 


Die  SMlbfdute  be$  mttcanifd)en  SCpotfo. 

THE  STATUE  OF  THE  VATICANIAN  APOLLO. 
IDie  <&tatut    be§    SCpotto  ijl  ba$  !>od>fre  3beal 

The     statue  of  *the  Apollo    is    the  highest    *ideal     model 

untet   ntten  SBerfm     beS     ^C(tertl;um6f   roeld)e  finb  1205 

among      all        works    of  *the     antiquity,        which    *are   have 

entyanQen     fcer    Swffcorung   betfelbm      (£t         u6ertrtfft 

escaped      *to  the   destruction      of  them.         *He     it    surpasses 

otte  anbere  Q3i(ber  beffelDeiv  fo      rceit  2(poUo  -SpomerS 

all     other    images    of  him,    *so  as   far  as  (the)  Apollo  of  Homer 

ben>  tt>e(d)en  bie  foujenben  S>id)ter  matylcn.     ©em  ©erodes 

that,    which      the   following     poets        paint.  His     growth 

ift  erfya6en  ti6er  bie  Sftenfcfytyeitf  unb  fein   Ctanb   jeuget 

is    elevated  above  the     human  race,     and    his     stature    testifies 

ton  bet    @5rof3e  erfutfenben  ifm.    (£in  eroi^et  1210 

*of    the  greatness  (which)     *filling        fills    him.      An    eternal 

Sntytiwjr     roie     in    bem    <}tud(td)en    Ctlwfium,     Oefleibet 

spring,  as        in      the         happy  Elysium,       *clothed 

tie  rei^enbe  5DUnnltd)feit  Dottfommener  3af;re>  unb 

surrounds  the  charming    manliness  of  mature      years,    and 


OF    THE    GERMAN    LANGUAGE.  73 

fpieft   mit   fanfter    3^t*tticf>fcit    auf  tern  ftoljen    ©ebdube 

plays    with      soft  tenderness     upon  the     proud       structure 

feiner   ©(ieber.     @efy  mit    beinem    ©eifte    in    ba§ 

of  his      limbs.         *Go  wander  with      thy  spirit    into    the 

dkid)  unforperlid)er  ^d)onl)eiteiv  unb  wrfucfye,  §u  roerben  1215 

realm       of  bodyless  beauties,         and     attempt,    to    become 

em   <Sdiepfer   etrter   fyimmltfcfyen   9latvLVf   unb   §u  erfullen 

a         creator         of  heavenly          nature,      and    to        fill 

ben      @eift  mit  Q5i(bertv    tie    erfyefcen     fid)      u6cr   bte 

*the  thy  mind  with    images,   which  elevate  themselves  above  *the 

SD^aterie.    £)enn  f^tcr  ift     nid)t6     <£ter&lid;e3,  nod) 

matter.  For    here  (there)    is     nothing         mortal,  nor 

roa§    bie  menfd)lid)e  2>urfti<jfeit   erforbert.      ^eine   2Cbent 

what  *the     human  necessity        requires.  No        veins 

unb  €efynen  erfyi&en  unb  re$en  biefen  $orper>  fonbern  ein  1220 

and      sinews       excite     and  stir  up    this        body,         but  a 

fyimmtifcber   ©eifl>    ber  erQoffen        fid)      roie 

heavenly       spirit,  which    (having)  poured    forth     *itself    hke 

ein    fanfter    (Strom,    fyat    erfuttet     gleidjfam     tk    flange 

a         mild         stream,      has       filled         as  it  were     the     whole 

ttmfcforei&ung  biefer  $ia,ur.      (£r  \)at  r>erfo(a,t  ben  ^ntfyon, 

outline  of  this  figure.        He    has   pursued  *the    Python, 

roiber   meld)en  e.r  crjr  ge&raud)t   feinen   SBogenf   unb 

against    whom     he  (has)  just        used  his          bow,        and 

fein  mdd)tio,er  Scfyrttt  \jat  erreid)t  unb  er(ea,t  ifyn.  1225 

his    powerful        step       has  reached    and    killed   him. 

QSon    ber   .ipofye    feiner   ©enugfamfeit   fein   erl)a6enec 

From    the    height   of  his         satisfaction        his       elevated 

2Mitf  $ei)t  roeit  hinauS  uber  feinen  <Sie^  wie     inS 

look  goes     far      *out    *over  beyond    his     victory,  as  if  into  *the 

Unenb(id)e.     2Serad)tuno,      fifet      ouf  feinen  Sippen,  unb 

infinity.  Contempt    is  sitting   upon      his        lips,        and 

ber  Unmuttyf  weufyn  er     §iefyt     in       fvfy, 

the      gloom,        which    he  *draws  *into  *himself  does 

&(dt)t      fid)     in  ben  D^uffen  feiner  *ftafe  1230 

not  vent,  inflates     *itself  *in    the      *nuts    nostrils  of  his    nose 

unb   tritt   fyinauf  fciS    in        bie    frol^e     ©tirtu 

and  *steps      *up    ascends  *until  *in  (to)  the    proud    forehead. 

G 


?4  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

%Ut  t>er   Jriebe,   midjcv    fd)roe6t   auf  t>erfet6enf   Meter 

But      the     peace,        which        hovers    upon         it,  remains 

un<}e|Tort>  unb  fein  ^Cucje         iji      Doll       (gufsiaftit,  n)ie 

undisturbed,  and    his    *eye  eyes  *is  are  full  (of)  sweetness,      as 

unter  ben  9L)iufen,  bie  vDunfc^en  §u  umarmen  ibn.    (Seiit 

among  the      muses,    who      wish         to      embrace     him.       His 

n>etd)e$  £aar  fpielt  vt>te  tie  jarten  unb  flitfftflen  <£d)(ingen  1235 

soft         hair     plays  like   the  delicate  and      liquid  slings 

ebler    2Beinre6en  a,teid)fam  bim$t  »on       einer   fanften 

of  noble        vines  as  if        moved  *from  by      a  mild 

2uft    urn     btefed  <jettlid)c  Jpaupt.     (5§   fdjeint     a,efaf6t 

air     around     this      god-like      head.  It    appears     anointed 

mit  bem  Dele    ber    ©otter;  unb  o,e6unben  auf  feinen 

with    the     oil    of  the     Gods,     and         tied        upon    *his     the 

©cfyeitef  mit  fyolber    ^raebr.       3d)   percjeffe 

crown  of  *the  his  head     with  lovely     splendor.  I         forget 

alle$  %nbm  ufcer  ben  %nbM    bk\e$  ^BunberroerfeS  1240 

all       other   (things)     at    the     sight      of  this  miracle 

ber     $unf5>   unb   id)   an^nehme    fe(6ft    einen  erfyafcenen 

of  *the     art,        and      I         assume       myself     an        elevated 

Ctanb     um     anjufefyauen        mit     SSurbtVifeit..    9J£eine 

position  in  order      to  regard      (it)   with         dignity.  My 

5Srujr    fcfyeint    $u    erroeitern    fid)    unb    §u    erfye&en    mit 

bosom     appears     to        enlarge     *itself  and      to  rise       with 

SSerefyruno,;    vt>ie     biejenige    bie   id)  fefye  amjefefyroeUt    com 

veneration,     like         that      which    I      see       swollen      from  the 

©eitfe    ber    2Bei{fa<gm^    unb  id)  fiifyle    mid)    fortyerudt  1245 

spirit  of  *the     prophecy,        and      I       feel     myself   transferred 

tm  ©eijre    nad)         2>e(o$;    unb   in     tk  Spcifcben 

in  *the  my     mind    *after    to     Delos,     and    into    the      Lycian 

^)aine ;   Drte;     bk     SCpotto  oeefyrte  mit  feiner  ©ecjenroart. 

groves ;   places,    which  Apollo  honored  with     his       presence. 

£)tnn  mein  Q5ilb  fdjeinet  $u  6efommen  2e6en  unb  Q3eroec]un^ 

For      my    image  appears  to    receive         life     and      motion, 

tt)ie  ©djonljeit     be§     tarnation  j  roie  ift  eS  moa,u'd); 

as   (the)      beauty       of  *the  Pygmalion ;      how   is    it  possible, 

§u  mahten  unb  $u  fcefd)rei6en  e$  ?     3d)  lea,e   ttn  23eantf  1250 

to     paint      and    to      describe       it?         I     place  the       idea 


OP   THE    GERMAN    LANGUAGE.  75 

ben     id)  o,eo,e&en  t>en  tiefem  Q5ilte,  $u  Stiffen 

which      I  (have)     given       of       this      image,  *to  at  the     feet 

fceffen,     vt>ie    tie    ^rdn^e    terjenia,en,  weld;e  fonntcn  nid)t 

of  it,       like      the    wreaths      of  those,        who  could      not 

erreid)en  ta§  Jpaupt   ter   ©otttyeiten,    tic    fie   wetlten 

attain  to    the     head    of  the      deities,     whom  they  *willed  were 

fronen. 

desirous  to    crown. 

2£infelmann. 

Winkelmann. 


Ueber  tie  ©efd)id)te  griebrtd)£  IL 

ON  THE  HISTORY  OF  FREDERICK  II. 

3n     ter     ©efefyicfyte      ntct^td     ift    feltener,    o(§     tic  1255 

In      *the         history        nothing      is        rarer,        than  *the 

£>arjMun$  eine£   erfya&enen    @5eifre§    nacf) 

representation  of  an      elevated        mind      *after     according     to 

poller      2£afyrheit     feiner     -ftatur,     unt      feineS 

(the)        full  truth  of  his      nature,       and       *of  his 

2£irfen§,  fo   tag    fein    Q3i(b^     gan$     dd)t    in  feinem 

activity,      so    that     his     image,     quite  genuine  in       its 

Sicfyt   unt    ©cfyattcttf   erfefyeine    eingefugt  an   tern  <pia|ef 

light     and       shadow,     may  seem     inserted       in      that     place, 

wo    e§   foil   fallen      erotg     in    tic    WuQtn    ter    1260 

(from)  where    it    shall     fall   (for)  ever    into   the      eyes     of  *the 

*ftad)voelt.      ^Mutard)     erhielt     t>iele    $ulaurationen     ter 

posterity.  Plutarch   preserved   many       figurations       of*the 

groften  <£eelen,  mit  SScrftant  unt  Q3ieterftnn;  a6er    wtil 

great       souls,     with      skill          and       honesty ;         but  because 

feine  Sett  roar  nid)t  frmttOar  in  fold)er    %xtf  auB 

Lhis     time    was      not       fruitful      in     such      *kind  things,  from 

unuollfommener  Ue6erlieferurt{j ;  unt  —  rcunter6ar!  er  lieji 

imperfect  traditions;         and  —    wonderful!     he  *left 


76  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

un&eriifyrt  fcen    grofeten    @ried>cn,     ben  1265 

•untouched    did    not    mention    the      greatest       Greek,         the 

Sieger     fcei    £euftra>    unb    bie    Oeiben    groj&n   9vomer 

conqueror    at      Leuctra,     and     the      two       greatest    Romans 

be§    freien   9iom3,   tie     (Sieger     Bet   3ama    unb    u6er 

of  *the    free      Rome,    the   conquerors    at      Zama     and     over 

Sftumantia. 

Numantia. 

£>er   $ref3e   SDtamt   ifl     me     ein    2(nberer,    a(§      £r 

The     great       man       is    never    an    other  one,  *as  but  he 

fel6jrf  roie  er  fyar  $u         fein  in  feiner  Sett  unb    Sage.     1270 

himself,    as    he  *has  *to  must   be    in     his      time   and  situation. 

Ofyne      *ftad)ttyeit     2(nbrer     allerbina,e>  ber  £tn$kje,  in  fo 

Without   disadvantage  *of  to  others     indeed      the  only  one,  *in*so 

feme         er  roar   einjig   in   Qxnufcuna,  feiner  $ln\a§mr 

as    far     (as)    he    was    unique   in  using       *of  his     talents, 

Seiten  unb  tlmgetmng.     £>er  SKufym  rafHofer  @d)retti(jfrit 

times     and      environs.         The     glory   of  restless       rapidity 

in  feinem  c;rof3en  planmaffiom  Saufe      6Iei0e 

in      his        great      well-planned     course  *may  *remain  shall  be 

unoeneibet   bem  93iacebonier;  e§  nicfitS        minbere       ben  1275 

unenvied    to  the  Macedonian ;    *it  nothing    may  diminish    the 

©lanj     ber     £ot)eit    unb    Seid^tia^eit,     ber    unerreiditen 

splendor  of  the  highness   and  ease,  of  the     unattained 

SefcenSfutfe  unb     6(i|fd)ncKen  ^atfraftf  mit  welder 

vital  powers    and  *lightning-*quick  swift    activity,      with    which 

(Sdfar  pon  tm  $ftunbuna,en   be§   SKheinS   6i§      in     ben 

Cesar   from  the  mouths       of  the    Rhine  *  until  *into  to  the 

fyinterfren  ^)>ontu§    unterroarf    bie       SEBcft    unb 

remotest     (part   of)    Pontus        subjected      *the    a   world      and 

Jper^en;   in  et^entbttmlid^er   3Burbe    tk   gotfcene  3eit   1280 

hearts;    *in  with  peculiar  dignity     the     golden     time 

c§    teucfyte,    roo    ber     ebeljfr      ber     iutifer,  Trajan;  fein 

*it  may  shine,  when  the  most  noble  of  *the  emperors,  Trajan,     his 

unermubeter   *ftad)fo(o,er   [ftabrian],    unb    fceibe   2intonini 

untired  successor        [Hadrian],       and     both     Antonines 

fcefyaupteten     reblicfye     Sugenb     im      %tlbet  in    ber 

maintained        honest         virtu©     in  the      field,     (and)    in     the 


OP  THE    GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  77 

SBerroftlftmg    unb    ©efe&a.etmmjr   tns   ©teicha,erctd)t   alter 

administration    and     jurisdiction,  the  balance         of  *all 

militarifd)en    unb   fcuraatidjen   33oUfommem)ett:  ber  1285 

every  military  and  civil  perfection:  the 

©efd)id)tfd)rei6er  $riebrid)3  bvaudjt  fyerafyufefcen  [ftiemanb, 

historian  of  Frederick  needs        *to  degrade       no  one, 

$u  6enetben  *ftiemanb.      £>er   ^ampf  aue>ad)altene 

(needs)  *to      envy  no  one.  The     combat        sustained 

turd)  ©eijt  unb  33el)  a  rrlicfyfe  it  Qegen  flute  o,rof3e 

by      *mind  talents  and      perseverance    against  good  (and)  great 

£eere   unb    jum    Sfyed  fefyr  gefebitfte  $e(bl)erren,  bie 

armies     and  *to  *the  *part  partly  very       able  generals,      the 

fyeilenbe      2SerroaItungf     tie     O&erfyerrfcfynft      perfonu'dien  1290 

healing       administration,     the  superiority  of  personal 

§(nfet)en§    uno,efd)n)dd)te     tm       2((ter,     tie     Sinroirfuwj 

authority        unweakened      in  *the  old  age,    the  influence 

ter  $)ent\mo^art  auf      ein      ^abrfyunbert 

of  *the  his    manner   of  thinking      upon         a  century 

tbeenreicfyeS,  afajeroicfyenen     t?or     alien 

rich  in  ideas,  (and)  having  deviated  *before    *all     more    than   all 

erinnem  an        23erf)dttniffe,       rt)crin 

others  remind     (us)     *on    of         relations,        *wherein     in 

e§  roarb  a,ea,e6en  bem  $oni$e  $u  fein  1295 

which   *it  an  opportunity     was       given    to  the    king       to     be 

einjig.      (£r  war  nicfyt  (Sdfar,  nid)t  2fteranber,  unb   nid)t 

unique.       He    was     not     Cesar,      not     Alexander,     and      not 

9J?arc  2(urel ;  er  ifr         ft-riebrid?   ber   ^reuffen,  an  bem 

Marcus  Aurelius ;  he  is  (the)  Frederick  of  the  Prussians,  in  whom 

bie   *ftatur  rootlte  §eifl,etV  ka§   fie   i]i  je|t 

*the   nature   *willed  was  desirous    to     show,     that   she    is    now 

nid)t  minber  fleroaltio,  al§  je  tm    fyofyen 

not  less    *powerful  able  than  (she)  ever  (was)  in  *the  *high 

2((tertt)um,    fyerr-or^ufcrinam   folcfye   banner.       Q3ct  1300 

remote     antiquity,  to  produce  such         men.  *By 

atter         fd^einfcaren        £>ir>eram$       ter 

notwithstanding      *all    the       apparent      divergent  course  of  the 

duffer(id)en  ^anbtuncjen  em    Jpaupt(e6en6p(an        lie$t    in 

external  actions         a     principal  plan  of  life    is  lying  in 

G  2 


78  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

fcer   <2eele    eine§   jzbtn  Cannes   grojjen   an    ^raft    unb 

the      soul       of  *a     every        man  great      in    strength   and 

SBei&fyeit,  cine    corherrfcfyenbe    3^eef    n?eld)e    mujs   roerben 

[wisdom,        a         domineering        idea,       which     must         be 

aufyefafst   ot6        (Sommentar    unb    <gd)luffel     ad     feine§  1305 

conceived      as    (a)     commentary     and         key  of  *all     his 

$l;un$f     «m     $u   6rino,en    bie    Sinfyeit     in    bie 

(whole)     activity,  in  order   to      bring       *the  harmony    into    the 

£>arjMuna,  feine§  Sebene,    ofyne     bie    eine  Styronif  $rt>at> 

portraiture i    of  his     life,      without  which     a     chronicle  indeed, 

after  nid)t  ein  ©efcfyicbte  laft  benfen    fid). 

but      not      a         history      *lets  *think   *itself  may  be  imagined. 

£>a6  tfi         ©adje  ber    ivoni^e,  bie  atfcjemeine 

That  is  (the)  *matter  true  concern  of  *the    kings,    the     general 

Ueberftd)t;    ba$    ifyre     U&vhfa    bie    9vtcbti^feit    be§  1310 

inspection ;     that     their   greatness,  the       exactness    of  *the  their 

umfaffenben  QMicfefv  unb  ba§  2e6en  t>er6reitet  neu 

encompassing     look,        and  *the    life       extended  *new    freshly 

ufcerall      »on       ihnen. 

everywhere  *from  by  them. 

3Bic    ebel   ber   Sroecf   §u  fyafcen  einen  €£tadf)    a,enug 

How    noble   the       aim       to     have         a         state,     sufficient 

jut  (£el6fftrha(tuno, ;  buret)    Sreue      unb  SBaforfyeit 

*to  *the  for   self-preservation ;         by   faithfulness  and         truth 

fyerrfcfyenb  fo       roeit   bin,  ale    a,emeinfd)aftlid)eS    Sntereffe  1315 

ruling       *so  as    far     *on,     as  common  interest 

tt)irb  wrfianben ;  roenicjer  jdfytenb  auf  erfd)cpf6are  Sd)d&ef 

is      understood ;        less       counting  upon  exhaustible  treasures, 

auf     fter&licfye     £eere,     aB     auf     tk     alla,emeine 

(or)    upon  mortal         armies,     than    upon      the         general 

Ue&er$eua,una,    feine§    SSolfS   unb    feiner   ftreunbe,  bafs  bie 

conviction         of  his    people     and    of  his       friends,      that  the 

©acfye  feiner  (£rha(tuna,   ift  bie  <2ad)e   eine§    3cbenf    ber 

cause     of  his  preservation    is    the    cause     of  *a  every  one,  who 

fut)lt     etroaS     fur    ^reiheit   unb    Sid)t.      2>iefe    grojjren  1320 

feels    *something  for      freedom     and     light.        These    greatest 

^nflelea/nheiten     ber    Jpumanitdt  $riebrid)  rouftte  $u 

affairs  of  *the     humanity      Frederick    knew  (how)  to 


OP   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  79 

&rm$en  in  imauflfceficfyem    Sufammenhana/    mit    feinem 

bring       in      indissoluble  connexion  with       his 

<&tciak.    2>ie  $reibeitf  wetcfye  fcejTetyt  ntd)t  in   ber 

state.        *The  freedom,    which  consists    not     in  *that  the  one 

ober  biefer  SSerfaffunciefornif  ct>er     in   bet 

or      *this  other    form  of  government,      (but)     rather      in    the 

(Soerijlen^  atter  $ormen  an$eme{fmen  einem  jeben  <&taat,  1325 

coexistence  of  all      forms  suitable  to  *a    every      state, 

welcfye  niitt    in   ©efefetcftofrit    unb    nicfyt     im 

which    (consists)    not      in       lawlessness        and       not  in  *the 

Dfteberreiffenf    fonbern    in         o,enuf3reid)er    (£ntroi<£e(uw|f 

tearing  down,  but         in    (a)        fruitful  development, 

»or    ttxva   fecfy^io,   Safyren         war   porbanben         in 

*before  about       sixty         years    (ago)    was       existing     (but)    in 

roenigm  monarcfyifcben  unb  repuMtfanifd)en  Staaten 

few         monarchical      and        republican  states    (together) 

ne6fl  ifyrer  ©djroefterj  ber     roafyren  2(ufflarung.     fflafytom  1330 

with     her         sister,        *the  a    true       illumination.  After 

auffeimenbe  (Sultur  (JuropenS         roorben  unterfcrodjen 

(the)  germinating  culture   of  Europe  (had)     been       interrupted 

burefy  9ietiajow>contror)erfen    auf        jiemtid)    lange 

by      religious  controversies  *upon  for  rather  a      long      (time) 

in  bcr  protefkntifd)en,  wie  in  ber  romifd;en  -Svircfye, 

in  the        protestant,  as    (well  as)  in   the       roman     church, 

ein  geifHofeS   <yormularwefen   fyatte  a,e6t(bet   ftd>   mtifyti* 

an       insipid        matter  of  form       had      formed     itself,     which, 

in  flSer&inbwu}  mit  bem  fpanifdben  Sufcfynitt  1335 

in  union         with    the        Spanish         *cut        influence  (upon) 

eirteS  %l)tii$    ber    a,rof3en  2Belrf    erhielt     ttiele  SBorurtbede 

*of  a      part     of  the   great     world,    preserved  many    prejudices 

tru6enbe  t>a$  £eben  in  ax&ffykfj&fyx 

(which)  *saddening  saddened  *the   life  *in  by  (their)      exclusive 

.£errfd)aft.      9I6ee    bte       SKarf  95ranben6ur^    an 

power.  Eut     the  margraviate  (of)    Brandenburg,        by 

rt>eld)erber  Sftenfd)  tyat  follen  erpro6enf    n)ie   t>tet 

which  *the      man     *has  *shall  was  to  experience,    how  much 

Sleifj    unb  tylufy  t>ermoo,en  u&er  hit  %latux,  war  1340 

industry  and  courage      avail        over  *the  nature,  *was  had  been 


80  INTRODUCTION  TO   THE   STUDY 

oft      fcfyon    ein    SuflucfytSort      ber         <£enffreil)eif. 

often    already      a  refuge  of  *the     freedom  of  thought. 

ftriebrid)    furcbtcte     ntcbtS    son  einem  2Bc^ef  auf 

Frederick  apprehended  nothing  from      a        *way    course,  *upon 

tern   er  twanging    £>a$   roar  feme    (gacfye : 

on  which  he    preceded.       That     was       his      *matter      object : 

■flidjt  ju  tehren  vt)a£  fei  $&a\)t\)tit,  a6er  $u  erregen 

Not    to  teach  *what  *be  the  nature  of     truth,       but    to    excite 

ten     unterfud)una,$trieb>  unb  $u  6ea,unlTio,en       burd)  1345 

*the  a     desire  of  inquiry,     and    to         favor        (it)   *by   with  (a) 

DoUfommen  freien  Spielraum.  Q3anbe  roekfye  fd)ienen 

perfectly         free  *elbow-*room  sphere.      Ties     which  appeared 

$effe(n    ifym,    fein  fuller  <Sinn   fcracfy;  ii6erl)aupt 

fetters    to  him,    his        bold       mind     broke;    (and)    in   general 

£td)t   unb   ©eijt    tyvafctam    von     cuen     in  2(llem. 

light      and     spirit     descended     from     above     *in     *all        into 

£>a3    war   bie    ©runbfejfy    ba$    ter 

every  department.  That      was     the  base,  that  *the 

3n?ed;  em^uprdom  unau6(ofd)ud)    bem  ©taate  folcfyen  1350 

his      aim :       to  impress    unextinquishably  to  the    state      *such 

einen  Character,  ba$  er     burd)  innereS  Se&en,  baf$  burd) 

a       character,     that  *he  it     by      inward      life,      that     by 

ein  frofyefy  fyofyeS  ©efufyf  ifyrer      feibjt  unb    ifyre6 

a    joyful,  (and)  elevated  feeling  of  *her  it   self    and    of  *her  its 

SXuhmS  bie  Nation      nmrbe         ftarf   unb  unuOernnmben 

glory      the     nation    might  become  strong    and      unconquered 

fur     eiame  unb  iljrer       $reunbe  Una&fydnajafrit  unb  9ved)t. 

for  (its)  own  and  *of  *her  its  friend's     independence     and  right. 

£>a£   ©rojjte  an      ifym  ifl  $u  bafcen  $tU$t  1355 

The  greatest  (quality)  *on   in  him    is   (this)    to      have     *laid 

fo   tnet     in    ben  ©etfr.  £>enn  alleS 

influenced    so  much  *into    the   spirit  (of  his  time.)        For    all 

$Red)anifd)e  ift  unterroorfen  bet  ^Serafteruna, ;  atte§  <pht)ftfd)e 

mechanism     is      subjected        to         decay ;  all      physical 

muj?   roeid;en     ber        Ue6ermad)tf    a6er  SDMnner 

(power)    must  give  way  to  *the  a  superior  power,    but       men 

ton         reo,er         Sefcenbiofott       unb       unerfd)iitterud)er 

of         animated  liveliness  and  unmoveable 


OF  THE   GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  81 

Staffuna    fmb     fityio,     einer     <£ra(tation,     bie      mad)t   1360 

composure     are     capable     of  an       exaltation,      which    *makes 

gegcnrodrtia,    fid)  cinen   unerfcfyopflid;en  9ieid)tyum 

*presents       *itself  collects    an         inexhaustible  richness 

fcori  Jpu(f6mttte(n. 

of        resources. 

2£erm    bie    @efd)id)te    abadebter    &taatm    iffc    l?oct>ffc 

If        the       history        of  decayed       states         is      highly 

merfrour&i<jf  ate      Svcfultat   roltenbeter  Srfafyruna,  $  roenn 

remarkable,      as  (a)     result      of  completed     experience ;         if 

bie   (Jrinneruna,   an       ben   urfpriirta,tid)en    ®cift     tyrer     1365 

the     recollection    *on  of  the  original  spirit     of   their 

Orbnunom  a,kbt  ba$   Dornefymffe  Sntereffe     bee 

regulations    gives     the      *chiefest       principal     interest      to  the 

@efd)id)te  oeftefyenber  &taatm ;  rote    »iel        voidjticpt 

history       of  existing      states ;      how  much  more  important  (is) 

bie  @5efd)itf)te  einer  Dieojerunoy    roo    iffc    §u    adbten     auf 

the      history       of  a    government,  where  *is   *to    *watch    *upon 

funftlid)   feftyefefcte  $l;eorien        nid)t  fo    ml, 

artificially   established    theories  (are)   not    so    much    (required,) 

alS     auf    95el)arriirf)feit      im      2£efen,  auf    cine  1370 

as    *upon     perseverance      in  *the     conduct,    (and)  *upon      a 

fortyefyenbe   @eifk§ar&eit>       urn  juriicf    in    feiner 

continued      mental  exertion,  in  order  (to  be)  behind     in        no 

%tt     »on    93en>ottfommnuwj    unb  t>oran$ufW;en   immer 

manner    of  improvement  and      to  precede        always 

im        ebeln    @e(6fra,efityU      3n    bem     re^en      2e6en 

in  *the  a   noble      self-feeling !  In        the     animated        life 

be§     immer    neuen     2Be(tfd)aufpie(6      (gtillftefyen     unb 

of  the      ever         new   spectacle  of  the  world      stopping         and 

Surucfbleifcen     ift  einertet.  £>ie    Written  fyaben  1375 

remaining  behind   is      *one      the  same.       The    English     have 

tyre  90?eere,  %tantmfy  btn      fyerrlicfyen   23oben,  Defrreid) 

their     seas,         France       *the    a     splendid         soil,         Austria 

ifl  unerfd}epfKid>  9vuf,lanb   unermepd) ;    roae  fya6en  roirf 

is    inexhausitble,         Russia     immeasurable;   what    have     we, 


82  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

roenn  nid)t  ©eift  unb  9J?utl)!      2>a6  2e6en  eine§  SraatS 

if        not    spirit     and  courage !        The      life       of  a       state 

ifr   rc>ie    ein   Strom,   berrltd)   in  forto/henber    SBeroeflung. 

is      as        a       stream,    delightful  in      continued  motion. 

£Benn   ber   Strom    frebt,  fo    er       roirb    <Si8  ober  1380 

When    the     stream     stands  (still)  then  *he  it  becomes  ice      or 

Sumpf.       SBo     2id)t    unb    SOBdrme,     ta     ifr    Sefcen! 

marsh.         Where      light      and       warmth,     there      is       life ! 

SDtijjgriffe  unb  $el;(er   ein  Sofcrebner   nur   roirb   u6ero,ef;en 

mistakes     and      faults       a      eulogist       only     will        pass  by 

unb    barjMen    em    unfrmbt&areS     Steal      ffatt      einer 

and      represent      an  unfruitful  model       instead      of  a 

fefyrreicfyen  Q3eftf;rei&ung,      $)aburd)  &a§  tin  (jrofser  9)?ann 

instructive      description.  Thereby   that    a      great      man 

gewefen  aud)      9J?enfd>  man   faf,t    9J?utf;  $u  fatten  1385 

(has)     been       also  (a)      man,        one    takes  courage  to     *hold 

fcine    @rof3e    fur  erreid)6ar.      <£§  ifr  nu|tid>  §u 

believe    his    greatness   *for    attainable.          It    is       useful,      to 

erinnern  grofce  ©emtitfyer,  bafj    fie  nicfyt  u6ertrei&en 

remind    great        minds,       that  they  (may)     not     exaggerate 

tie  $orberun$en    an         ba§   <&IM   unb     an     bit 

*the  their      demands         *on  upon  *the  fortune    and     upon  *the 

Ster6lid)en.      93?an  mu§  ^ei^en  a,emeinen  93Jenfd)en,    bie 

mortals.  One    must    show   to  common        men,         who 

ajauben  ju  ndfyern       fid)         einem  grofjen  SOtanne/    burd)  1390 

believe      to  approach  *themselves     to  a     great       man,  by 

Sftacftaljmuno,    ber  $el)(er,   welcfye  Qaltuna,     be§ 

imitation       of  *the   their    faults        what      keeping    of  *the  a 

ganjen  2e6en$  ifr  erforbertid;,     auf    bafj      dtwaZ 

whole       life       is     requisite,       *upon    that   *something     some 

tt)crbe      u6erfet>ert.      Sel6frffdnbio,e     ©rojse     erre$t 

faults    may   be    overlooked.  Independent      greatness    excites 

freie  ^Bahrfyeir.      2>er      ©lanj       ber     triumpfyirenben 

free        truth.  The      splendor    of  the        triumphant 

2>mperaroren       Utt       feine      QSerbunfamna,     burd)     bie  1395 
emperors        suffered        no  obscuration  by       the 


OF   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  83 

fatyrifcfyen     Colbatentteber;      unb     umjecuttet         ber 

satyrical    songs  of  the  soldiers  ;    and    notwithstanding  *of  *the 

$(etfen  tie  0onne    enjiefct    $reube  unb  Seben    in   atte 

his    spots      the      sun     pours  forth     joy       and       life      into    all 

2£e£t. 

(the)  world. 

3ofy.  t>on  Gutter. 

John    von    Miiller. 


©ejidnbmflfe,  in  SBriefen  an  einm  Steunb, 
(abgefur$t) 

CONFESSIONS,   IN   LETTERS   TO   A  FRIEND, 
(ABBREVIATED.) 

SDteine  flange  friifyefte  Q3ilbun<5  id)   banfe  meinem 

My       whole    earliest  cultivation    I    *thank  owe      to  my 

23ater;  cr   ift        $en>efen  mem    Sefyrer    biS     in       mein  1400 

father ;  he    *is  has       been        my      teacher  *until  *into  to  *my 

fecfyfyefmteS    3al)r.  Statin     Stepljan 

the      sixteenth         year      (of  my    age.)  John  Stephen 

SKattfytaS   SHeinfyarb,   em   9Jiann,  beffen   SCntenfen   miirbe 

Mathias       Reinhard,        a        man,     whose      memory      would 

fein  fyeid'g    mir,  roenn  aud)         er  ware       nid)t  $en>efen 

be     holy    to  me,       if      *also  even  he  *were  had  not         been 

mein    QSater,    wax    ^farret    $u        23obenftrauj$f     einem 

my       father,       was       parson     *to    at     Vohenstrauss,  a 

Sftarftftetfen    im    Jperjogtfyume      &ulfjbad).     Unter       hit  1405 

borough       in  the      dukedom     (of)  Sulzbach.     *Among  to  the 

befcnbern  Si^enfcfyaften  feiner  ^rebi^ten  <jel)orte  eine  ^renge 

peculiar         qualities        of  his    sermons     belonged     a       strict 

CDt^pofitton     Ik     6efHmmte     cjenau  atfe§. 

disposition     which    determined  *exactly   with    exactness    *all 


84  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 


SQSie     naturticfy 

every  thing.        How       natural 

biefe 

*this 

voav,    unb    wic 

it     was,       and      how 

um?erl)cl)len   fie        anfunbifltc 

fidv 

<Sie   fonnen   fefyen 

you        can  see 

fcarauSf  baft  al§       ^nabe  Don  $ehn  biS        eilf     1410 

♦thereout  from  this,  that    as    (a)     boy       of     ten    *till  or   eleven 

Saljren  id)  f'onnte    faffen     fie    tjollftdnbia,    mit     bem 

years        I       could      retain       it      completely     with     *the   my 

©ebdd)tniffe    beim  2Cnhcren       ber        ^rebicuV  unb 

memory      *by  *the  when  listening-    *of  to  the    sermon,      and 

roerm  id)  fam  nad)  ipaufe         fonnte  brina,en  ju  ^apiere. 

when    I    came  *after  *house  home  could     *bring    *to    *paper 

5£>ie   2SorjMuna,   einer    jTreno,    (jeorbneten 

write  (it)  down.       The  idea  of  a     strictly      arranged 

leid)t  bebdltlid)en  ^rebio.t,  fam  alfo       fetyr     frul)   1415 

easily  retentive       sermon,  *came  entered  therefore    very      early 

in    meine  <2eele,  unb   $roar     umgeben    mit   alien 

*into    my         soul,      and    indeed    surrounded  with  -   all    (the) 

Oveijen    bee    »dterlid)en  Qxifpiels,  unb  fe|te   fid)   fo   feft 

charms  of  the     paternal       example,     and  placed  itself  so  firmly 

in   berfelben,       baf,    fie       f)at   fonnen  nte    roiebec 

in  *the  *same  it,  that  *she  it  *has     *can      could  never    again 

nxrben  t>erbrdno,t.      £er   tlnterrid)t   weld)en   mein  2Sater 

be         removed.  The     instruction     which        my      father 

gab     mir     in    tm    alten    €prad)enf    roar  nid)t  minber  1420 

gave  to  me     in    the    ancient    languages,      was      not         less 

widttio,    unb    folomid).        £r  war  em  outer  Jpumanijr, 

important    and  consequential.       He    was     a      good       humanist, 

unb  la§  bie     2((ten     mit  ©efufyl  unb  Q5egeifterung.      £r 

and  read  the     ancients     with  feeling    and      enthusiam.  He 

fmbte     nid)t    foroofyl     mityitbeilen    mir    biefe£  ©eful;!, 

endeavored    not    so  much  to  communicate  to  me     this      feeling, 

biefe  3$ea,eifterun$r  roenn  wir  lafen  mit  einanber  einen 

this     enthusiam,     when  we  read  *with  *another  together    an 

alten     ©d)riftftetler ;     ba     faffc     alle§  roar  1425 

ancient  author;  then    almost    *all      every  thing    was 

bered)net  auf  bie  pfyiloloajfcfye  (Mldruna,   be§   tutors  unb 

calculated  upon  the    philological    explanation  of  the   author    and 


OP  THE   GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  85 

fluf  bie  23ermel)ruru)  meiner     Cprad)fenntniffe ;     a&er  er 

Upon  the       increase         of  my    knowledge  of  language ;   but    he 

ansfmcj  $u  roibmen     faffc     ausfd)lief3enb    mir    tie  meijren 

began     to     devote       almost      exclusively     to  me  *the     most 

Ctunben,  roetdie  er  julmtcfyte  unter  feinen  i^inbent 

(of  the)      hours,       which  he      spent       among      his       children 

Don   adjt     fciS       §e()n    Ufyr  2(6enb3,  unb    ju  1430 

from  eight  *until  to    ten    o'clock    *of  in  the  evening,    and     to 

unterreben      fid)      mit  mir   ii6er         ©eflenffanbej     tit 

converse      *himself  with  me    *over   on         subjects,         which 

waxen   ano,emeffen    meinen    ftdfyioftiten    uni)    ifrnntniffen. 

were        suitable  to  my         faculties         and        knowledge. 

Spin  e6  war    wo    er    rcecfte    in  mir  jene    SSortieOe    fur 

Here  it    was  where  he  awakened  in    me     that  predilection  for 

bie   alten    ©ried)ifd)en  unb  9vcmifd;en  @d)riftfre(ler,    tit 

the  ancient       Greek  and       Roman  writers,         which 

tyat    immer    jua,enommen    in    ber     S*ot$e  1435 

has       ever  increased        in       the    *sequel    course   of   time 

unb     nie     roieber    aufo,el)ort.        %m        oftefren  tit 

and    never      again         ceased.         *On  *the  most  frequently  the 

©tellen  roaren     enttefynt  au§    ten    6eiben 

*places    passages      were      ^borrowed  taken  from     the        two 

CEfofjifertv     tit     er   fcenmnberte     am     meifren  unb  tyattt 

classics,       whom  he      admired       *on  *the     most       and      had 

anflefanom  §u  lefen  mit  mir?  au§  bem  Cicero  unb  Q3irgif. 

commenced    to    read   with    me,   from  *the    Cicero    and     Virgil. 

$>ie   SKebe    roar    l)ier    nid)t  r-on  (gprad)6emerfuna,en  1440 

*The  *speech  *was  *here    *not      of      philological  remarks      no 

a6er    rc-orin  Ite^e 

mention  was  then  made ;     but    *wherein  in  which    *was  *lying 

t>a$  ©dboriCf   bag   ^reffenbe,    ta$   2Bi|icje,    ta$ 

consisted     the    beautiful,    the     appropriate,   the      witty,         the 

©rofje,    ba3    (Jrfya&ene    einer    Ctette,     ta§    wuvtt     ta 

great,      the       elevated       of  a      passage,     that      was  then 

entroitfelt  mit  einer  Sheilnefymuna,,  mit  einem  %mtvf    tit 

developed   with    an  interest,         with       a         lire,    which 

mittl)eilten       fid)       notfyroenbio^  unb  f)err>or&rad)ten  fefyr  1445 

communicated  themselves    necessarily,    and       produced        very 

H 


86  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

fruf)    bie    Ue6er^uauna,    in    mir  bie   atten   (Slaffifer 

early    the         conviction         in     me    (that)  the  ancient    classics 

feien  tie  matyren  93cdjier  in  ber  Q5erebfamf«t  unt> 

were   the      true      ^masters  proficients  in  *the         oratory  and 

£>id)tfunjr,  man  muffe  (ernen  Don  ibmen,  man  muffe  bilben 

poetry,         one     must     learn   from    them,    one     must     form 

fid)  nad)     itynen. 

one's  self  according  to  them. 

9(uer     ti\b(i  id)    war    fel>r    uerlaffen,    1450 

But     ^thereby  notwithstanding    I       was     very     unassisted 

m>v3     Oetraf      meine    9Jiutterfprad)e.      <2d)on     in 

in  all,    that     concerned     my  mother-tongue.         Already     in 

meinem   neunten  %\l)v  tin     Span^       jum    £>id)ten 

my  ninth        year     an    inclination  to  *the    poetry     (was) 

rea,te     fid)    in  mit>     ber    roiirbe  ha6en  twrftctrft 

excited  *itself  in    me,    which  would     have  (much)  strengthened 

fid)   fet>r  roenn  nid)t  atfe   D^aljruna,    fyatte         oefeblt 

itself  *very      if      not      all   nourishment    had        been    wanting 

il)m.         Cftamtid)  id)  war         o,emorben  faum  fabicj  ju  1455 

to  *him  it.      Namely      I     *was  had     become      hardly    able     to 

(cfen  mit  Grmpfinbuna,  einen  £>eutfd)en  £>id)ter ;    fo 

read  with        feeling  a        German        poet ;        *so    when 

mein  SSater  r-erlor  feine  a,an$e   Q3i6ttott^cf>  fefyr   anfefynlicfye 

my      father      lost       his      whole       library,       very   considerable 

nad)       ben         Umjtanben        bortiam         burd)    eine 

according  to   the       circumstances     of   that    place        by         an 

una,tutfltd)e  ^euere>6runii ;  nid)t  em  QMatt  berfeluen  fonnte 

unfortunate     conflagration ;      not      one     leaf         of  it         could 

werben  a,erettet.  3d>  ber  id)  anfina,  immer  mel)r  1460 

be         *saved    preserved.      I,     who  *I    began     *ever      more 

§u  tecfyen   nad)       $>eutfd)en  $>id)tern,  mar  nun  . 

and   more    to      long    *after   for     German      poets,        was    now 

eina^branft     auf         ba3    Cul^6ad')ifd)e     @5efana,6ud)r 

confined         *upon   to    the        Sulzbachian      book    of    psalms, 

bamatS      fefyr    etenbe,     auf    bie    @5ebidrte    be§    £erm 

at   that  time   very  miserable,     to       the       poems     of  *the    Mr. 

ton  (Sanifc  unb    auf   Q3rocfe§    metrifd)e    Ue6erfefcuna,   Don 

von    Canitz     and     to      Brockes     metrical        translation        of 


OF  THE    GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  87 

"Pope's  Essay  on  Man,"    mit    roetcben    lefcten    6eiben  1465 

"  Pope's       Essay     on    Man,"      with        which         last        two 

•gdiriften    eirt    $reunb    f^atte     6efd)enft     meinen     SSater 

writings       a         friend         had       presented  my  father 

fceniubten  fetner  Q3ud)er. — Sttlein  nun  id)    ndfyere      mid) 

robbed       of  his    books.   —    But      now      I   approach    *myself 

cinem  (£reianiffe    jroar    fteinen  after    l)od)ft   n?tct>tt^cn   unb 

to  an    occurrence  indeed     little       but     highly     important     and 

fch]ereid)cn  fur  meine  Q3ilbuna,.     3d)  tyatte    errcid)t    mein 

eventful        for      my     cultivation.        I        had    attained  to    my 

brei^etyntee  %\l)v,    at§    meine  dCtefre  €:d)roejftr  r-ertyeiratfyete  1470 

thirteenth     year,    when      my       oldest        sister  married 

fid)        mit    einem    jun^en  @eijHid)en>  fJlamtnZ 

*herself   *with        a  young     clergyman,  *of  *name     called 

^cfyafcler.      liefer      fcefdjenfte    mid)   mit    ttn   @ebid)ten 

Schatzler.         *This  he   presented      me      with    the         poems 

be§    Jperrn  »on  falter.   3d)  fke&e  tter^e&lid),  auf^ubrucfen 

of  *the     Mr.     von   Haller.       I      strive    in  vain,        to  express 

3tynen  t>k  $reube    unb    ba§    (Sntjutfefy    mit    n>eld)em  id) 

to  you  the  pleasure    and      the       rapture,       with      which       I 

fa3  unb  wrfchtana,  biefen  £>id)ter.     *ftun    auf       einmal  1475 

read   and    devoured       this        poet.  Now   *upon  at    once 

t$>  rcurbe   fyell     t>or     meiner  <2eete ;    nun  id)  ojaufcte  §u 

it    became  clear  before       my  soul;       now     I      believed    to 

fyafcen  gefunben  voah  \&)  batte  gefudit  (ange  »era,e6(id)   6ei 

have        found       what     I      had     sought     long       in  vain     *by 

meinem  Erodes  unb  @ani&.      (£6  rodl;rte  nid)t    tana/f 

in     my         Brockes   and     Canitz.       *It    *lasted     not    a    long 

fo     id)     nmjjte    meinen    Rafter    ausroenbig. 

time   passed,  when    I        knew  my         Haller        by  heart. 

3£ar  natiirtid)  baf,  id)  nad)al)tnte;  unb  at$  id)    fanb    1480 

(It)    was      natural      that     I       imitated;      and    as      I    *found 

atte§  fd»on     an      meinem  6evnunberten 

thought    *all  every  thing  beautiful  *on  in      my  admired 

9)iu*iTerr    fo   bie   ^rcuincialiemen   bamaB   nod)     hdufta, 

model,       *so    the       provincialisms  then        yet       frequently 

ttori'ommenben  in  feinen    Q3erfen    (jefielen    mir    aud) ;   id) 
occurring        in     his        verses     pleased   *to  me    also ;      I 


88  INTRODUCTION   TO  THE   STUDY 

an*6rad)te   fie   aud)  in  meinert  2krfen  unb     fcf>rte6 

placed       them    also    in      my        verses     and  (I)  wrote  (in  the) 

mitten  in       bet      D6erpfa($,     a!3  06  id)  ware  1485 

midst    *in  of  the  Upper  Palatinate  as    if     I    *were    had  been 

ge&oren  in  Q3ew. 

born      in    Bern. 

£>od)         roa§  war  biefe  Heine   SSerirrung 

Yet    (of)  what  (importance)    was     this     little     aberration 

geam  ben  unermef3(id)en  25ort()ei(    ben   id) 

*against  in  proportion  to  the    immeasurable  advantage  which   I 

fya6e    ju    »erbanfen  jailer !       £>er    a,ebanfenreid)e, 

*have  *to       *thank      owe  to  Haller!  The        thoughtful, 

finnr-olle    ©icbter    roagcnbe    forgfdftig   jebe§    2Bort,    tyattt  1490 

ingenious       poet        balancing    carefully      every     word,       had 

fcemdcbttflt    fid)    meiner    ganjen   <Seete.       23on    nun   an 

possessed     himself  of  my      whole        soul.        *From  *now  *on 

atleS   2Beitfd)meifia,e,    2£ortreid)e,   unb   $autcloajfd)e 

hence    all  prolixity,  copiousness,     and       tautology 

roar     t-erleibet        mir    auf        immer.      <So    t>ief    aucr) 

was  rendered  averse  to  me  *upon  for     ever.  *So  *much  *also 

fonft  bie   3uflenb   ftobet   ©efcfjmatf  an 

*else  though  *the     youth      *finds        *taste        is  fond   *on    of 

einer  ijeroiffen  ftutte,    an     einer  ^eroiffen  Ueppigfeit    be§     1495 

a        certain      fullness,  *on  of      a      certain     luxuriancy  of  *the 

2(u5brucB,    an   einem   Cpie(e   mit   lieblid)en  SBilbern  unb 

expression,      of         a  play      with       lovely        images     and 

rooljtftingenben  ^Mjrafen ;   attes  biefe§  wax   jjuroiber    mir. 

well-sounding       phrases ;        all        this      was  disgusting  to  me. 

fatter    mad)te    mid)    fo   ttorfid)tia,     im         2(usbrud>   id) 

Haller       made       me      so      careful      in  *the  my  expression,     I 

med)te  facjen   fo  arm,   baj?   aud)  nod)    immer 

*might   would    say       so    poor,    that     *also  even  *yet    *always 

id)  fyabe         fcin  2Bort/    roenn  nid)t  tin  neuer  1500 

at  present    I    *have   find    no     word,         if        not        a      new 

©ebanfe   ijl   ju    faa,en,  t>erfd)iebener    son     bem 

thought      is     to      *say      be    said,        different         from      the 

tjorfyerodjenben,  ober  bod)  ndtyer  fcefHmmenber 

preceding,  or     yet  *nearer  more  exactly     determining 


OP  THE    GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  89 

ten  t>orhera,ef)enben.    Unb   fo   term  id)  bin  ii6er(}eua,f> 

the         preceding.  And  thus  then     I     am   convinced,  (that) 

ber  Character  meinet  (gcfyrei&art   fei        roorben  bejtimmt 

the     character    of  my         style  *be  has    been      determined 

burd)  biefe  ©ebicfyte,  wenn  id)  fcebenfe  ben  Crinftufc  roetdien  1505 

by     these     poems,        if       I    consider   the   influence    which 

jailer  hat  ^el>a6t  auf  mid)   burd)       feine  @ebid)te. 

Haller    has     *had  exercised  upon    me  *through  by  his       poems. 

3d)  will  nid)t  fein  in    9(6rebef  bafj  baburd)  fie 

I    will     not    *be  *in  *dissuation  disown,  that  thereby  *she  it  may 

fya6e  erfyalten  cine  geroiffe  ^rocfenfyeit.     JpaHcc  \jctt  ^eroirft 

have   received      a      certain      dryness.  Haller   has  operated 

natttr(id)  roeit  mefyr    auf   meine  Q3ernunft>  a(3   auf  meine 

naturally    far     more    upon      my        reason,      than  upon      my 

^phantafie,  unb  fl^uflelt   biefe   i>ielleid)t   nur  1510 

imagination,  and  (he  has)  restrained    this     perhaps    *only     but 

att$u  fetjr. 

too    *very  much. 

SKeinharb. 

Reinhard. 


SpnftOQ  son  liiba  unb  Gatfymnct  x>on 

DUKE    OF    ALBA    AND    CATHARINE    OF 
SCHWARZBURG 

(£ine  £>eutfd)e  £)ame,  au$  einem  ipaufe,    ba§     fcfyon 

A      German      lady,     from      a        family,     which    already 

ebebem  \yat  fleojdnjt  burd)  Jpe(benmutl)  unb       a,ea,e&en  einen 

formerly  has  shone  forth    by        heroism      and  (has)  given       an 

^aifer  bem  £>eutfd)en  9ieid),  e§  roar,  tit  kinase     hdtte 

emperor  to  the    German    realm,  it    was,  who   almost  might  have 
H  2 


90  INTRODUCTION  TO   THE   STUDY 

<\e6rad)t       $um      Bittern  ten  furcr)terticf)en  1515 

♦brought    *to*the  *trembling    made   tremble  the        terrible 

Jper^oQ  son  %iba  turd)  tbr  entfd)fof|ene§  Q3etrao,en.     WB 

duke       of     Alba      by      her       resolute  behavior.      When 

itaifer   ®avi  V.    tm    3al>c  1547  nacfy  ber  @d?(at§i  »on 

emperor  Charles  V.  in  the  year      1547     after    the      battle        of 

Sftiiblberg  tarn   aucfy   burd)   Sburinam  auf    feinem  3nge 

Muhlberg     came    also   through  Thiiringia  *on  in      his     march 

nad)        ftranfen  unt)  <©d)u>a6en,  bie  t>errotttrt>cte  ©rdfin, 

*after  to  Frankonia  and       Swabia,       the     widowed       countess, 

(Satharina     ton     ©cfyrortr$6ur<jr    erne     geOorne      $urfrin    1520 

LCatharine        of         Schwarzburg,         a  *born        *princess 

t>ori    Jpennebero,    auSroirfte    einen 

daughter    of    a     prince      of       Ilenneberg       obtained  a 

(2am>e?©arbes Q5rief^  bafc   ihre  Untertfyanen   fctlten   fya6en 

letter  of  protection,       that    her        subjects  should     *have 

§u   leiben     nicfytS     Don       bee   burd^iefyenben  Cpanifdjen 

*to     suffer     nothing     *of    by  the   through-passing       Spanish 

2(rmee.      £>a<)eo,en     fie  wr&anb    fid>     $ea,en        bitli^e 

army.     On  the  contrary  she    obliged  herself,  *against  for  moderate 

Q5e$ah(una,     ju     taffen  Q5terf     33rob     unb     anbere  1525 

payment         to        *let      cause      beer,      bread      and        other 

Se&enSmittei    fcfyaffen  au§     9vubolftabt   jur 

victuals  *bring     to  be  brought    from      Rudolstadt  to  the 

<2aal6ru<fe,  urn       ju    wrforgen   bie  Spantfcfyen 

bridge  of  the  Saale,     in  order     to       provide       the       Spanish 

Sruppen,  tie  ttmrben  ti6erfe|en   ba.      3>od)   ba&et 

troops,       who  would      traverse     there.         Yet  *thereby  at  the 

fie  a,e6raud)te  23orftd)t  ju  (affen  bie  Q3rude, 

same  time  she      used         (the)  precaution  to     cause   the     bridge, 

weldje  roar  nahe  6ei  ber  &tabt     a66red)en  1530 

which    was     near  *by  the     city       *break  *down    to  be  broken 

unb    fd^agen  ufcer   ba$   2Baffer   in 

down    and      *erect     to  be   erected   over    the        river      *in    at 

etner  grojjem  (Sntfernuwjr  bamtt  bie     attjwjrojje       Sftdfye 

a      greater       distance,        that    *the  a    too  great  neighborhood 

fut>rte   nid)t  in    23erfud)uno,  tyre  rau6lufriam 

might      *lead       not    lead    into     temptation      her        ravenous 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  91 

(Sdfre.  3uoJeid)  rourte    wrgonnr     ten 

guests.        At   the    same    time    (it)       was       permitted     to  the 

<£inroohnem     alter  Drtfcfyaften     turcfy     wekfy     ter    1535 

inhabitants       of  all   (the)       places  through    which      *the 

Sua.     ama.,  $u    ftmfyen  tyre    6efren 

*march    *went,    they    marched   to        *flee      save    their       best 

•Jpa&fefiafeiten   auf      ta§  ©djfofi    SKutotjratt. 

effects         *upon  in  the     castle     of  Rudolstadt. 

Sftittlerroeile    ter  <£panifd;e  ©eneral    ndfyerte       ficf> 

In  the  mean  time  the     Spanish      general  approached  *himself 

ter     &tabt,    fceojeitet     »om  «£«r$oa,  £einrid)    t>on 

*to  the     city,     accompanied  *from  by  the    duke        Henry        of 

IBraunftyroeio,  unt    beffen         ecfynen,  unt    bat  $u  ®afte  1540 

Brunswick        and  *of  *him  his      sons,         and         invited 

fid)       auf        ein  9J?ora,en6rot    6ei         ter  ©rdfin  t>on 

himself    *upon  to    a        breakfast       *by  with  the  countess    of 

^rJbroarj&uro,    turd)    einert    Q3oten     ten    er  r-oranfd)i<fte. 

Schwarzburg        by  a       messenger  whom  he     sent  before. 

<&o   6efd)eitene    eine    $%tttf    Qttyan    an    ter    £pi|e 

So        modest  a      demand,     done         at      the      *pointJ 

eine§     &xk<$l)m$/    fonnte     nid)t     rooht     roerten 

head    of  an  army,  could         not        well  be 

a&a,efd)faa,ert.  1545 

denied. 

$3aS  ta§         .£>au§     t>ermod)te,    man  murte 

What  *the  their   house    might   afford,    *one      they      would 

Qe&en,  roar    tie    2(ntroort}   (Seine    (£rcetlen5    mod)te 

give,    (this)  was      the       answer;         his       excellency     might 

fommen  unt  nefymen   t>or(ieb\      3ti9(eidf>         man  unteru'ef3 

come      and       be       contented.  At  the  same  time  *one  *omitted 

ntd)t  $u    o,etenfen    etnmal     nod)  ter 

it  was  not    omitted  to    remind  once      *again  more  of  the 

Causes  ©arte    unt     $u     learn      an§      .iper$    1550 

(obtained)  protection  and      to     *place    *on  *the  *heart 

tem(gpanifd)en(55eneral  tie  terfe!6en  cjewiffenhafte 

recommend  to  the    Spanish      general  *the       its        conscientious 

SBeo&acfytuno,. 

observation. 


92  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

<£m    freunblicfyer    (Jmpfana,    unb    cine      <mt    fcefefcte 

A  friendly  reception      and        a  well-provided 

Safe!  erttmrten  ben  £er$oa,   auf      bcm  ^cfyloffe. 

table     *expect  are  ready  for  the     duke    *upon  in   the     castle. 

dv  muf3  a,ejM)en,  bajj  bie    $!)urina,ifcr/en    £>amen    fut^ren  1555 

He   must     confess,     that   the       Thiiringian  ladies        *carry 

einc  fet>r    cjute    ^ucfye,  unb  halten 

*a    *very  *good  *kitchen  understand  cooking  well,    and     *hold 

bic  (Styre    beg    ©affrecfytS.    9Q*an  fyatte  faum 

observe  the  honors  of  *the  hospitality.       *One    they    had     hardly 

niebera,efe|t     fid),        ale  ein  (£U6ote  ruft  bie  ©rafirt  au3 

sat  down     *themselves,  when  a     courier  calls  the  countess  from 

bem  ©aale.    (£3  roirb    cjemetbet    thr,    ba§  bie  €panifd)en 

the      saloon.       It      is       announced  to  her,  that  the     Spanish 

<£ofbaten   fatten  $e6raud)t   ©eroalt   unb  roe^etrieben  1560 

soldiers        had  used         violence     and  (had)  driven  away 

baS  SSiet)    ttn  SBauern.     (£art)arina  war  eine  Gutter. 

the   cattle  *to  from  the  peasants.       Catharine    was     a      mother 

if;re§    23ou%       wa§       rrnberfufyr    bem    5(ermjien    ifyrer 

of  her    people,    whatever      happened    to  the      poorest      of  her 

Unterthanen,  war         §ucjeftof3en    ifyr    fe!6fr,       (£ntruftet 

subjects,        *was   had    happened  to  her    self.  Provoked 

aufS  5Ceuf3erfte  u&er    biefe    SfBort&riicfyigreitf 

*upon  *the  *extremest  extremely      at        this  perjury, 

bod)    nid)t   uertaffen    son        ifyrer    @5eiftesa,eo,enroart>    fte   1565 

yet        not      forsaken     *from  by  her      presence  of  mind,      she 

fceftefyft    ifyrer   $an$en  £>ienerfd)aft>  ju  fceroaffnen     fief) 

commands  to  her    whole       house-hold,     to       arm         themselves 

in         alter  ©efd)tt)inbia,f  eit  wnb  (Stille,  unb  ju  »erriea,e(n 

*in  with    all  speed  and  silence,    and    to         bolt 

wobl  tk    <Sd)Iof,pferten ;    fte   fe(6ft  6eaje6t     fid)     wieber 

well    the  gates  of  the  castle ;  she  herself  betakes   herself     again 

$u  bem  ©aa(ef    rt)o    bie  ^urften  fi|en   nod)    am   Sifcfye. 

to     the     saloon,    where  the   princes       sit        yet    at  the    table. 

jpier  fte    flagt     ifynen    in  ben    fceroeajid^len    2(usbrucfen  1570 

Here  she  discloses  to  them  in    the     most  affecting      expressions 

roa£   fet  e&en    wiberfafyren     ifytv     unb    wie    fct>lecf>t 

what   *be  has     just       happened       to  her,      and    how       badly 


OF  THE   GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  93 

man  flefyalten         ba$  o,ea,ebene      ivaiferSroort. 

*one  they  (have)    *held      kept   the      *given       *emperor's-*word 

93ian         ermiebert     il;r 

promise   given   by  the    emperor.        *One  they   answered   to  her 

mit   2ad)tn,  ba$  berojeicfyen  fteine     Unfdtte        fhinben 

with   laughter,  that      the  like        little     misfortunes    *did  *stand 

m'cfyt  §u  t-ertyuten  6et  einem    <Durd)mnrfcf>      1575 

were  not     to  *prevent    be  prevented  at        a      marching  through 

Don  (gofbaten.     "£>a§  bod?  roir  rootlen  fefyen,"    fie 

of       soldiers.         "That    *yet  indeed  we      will         see,"       she 

antroortete    aufflebracfyt.      "  93?einen    armen    Untertfyanen 

answered  irritated.  "To  my         poor  subjects 

ba$  3fyrio,e  mujs   merben  ober,  6ei  @5ott !" 

*the  their  property   must  *become  be  returned    or,     by    God !" 

tnbem       fie       anffrengte       tfyre       ^timme      brofyenb, 

whilst        she  enforced  her  voice        threateningly, 

"fturffcn&fut       fur      Dcfyfenblut !"  €ie    cerUcg  1580 

"the  blood  of  princes  for    the  blood  of  oxen  !"         She         left 

ba$    Simmer    mit    biefer  6unbi^en   W(arum>    ba§    mar 

the     chamber    with      this    conclusive    declaration,    which  was 

erfuttt    »on    Q3eroaffneten,     bie    pftart$ten       ftcf),       ba$ 

filled      with      armed  men,       who      planted      themselves,  *the 

^cfyroerbt  in   ber  Jpanb  bod)  mit  t-ieler 

*sword      *in  *the    *hand    with  drawn  swords    yet    with  much 

S!;rer6ietiflfeitf      Winter    bit    <tctu\)k     ber     fturtfen    tmb 

respect,  behind     the       chairs     of  the      princes      and 

fcebienten  ba§  $vu\)\iM.     £erjoa,  2Cf6a  oeranberte  bit         1585 

served  at    the      breakfast.  Duke     Alba      changed    *the  his 

$\ir6e  beim  (Sintritt  biefer  fampflufriflen  Scbaar;  man 

color    at  the  entering  of  this     courageous      crowd ;      *one  they 

arufafy        einartber.       2(&a,efd)nitten     t>on     ber    2(rmee, 

looked  upon   each  other.  Cut  off  from     the       army, 

um^eben    »on  einer  u6er(c^cncn  I;anbfcfren  SRenge;   roa$ 

surrounded      by       a  superior  strong         crowd,      what 

fctiefc  ttOrio,   tfym,    a(3       ju  faffen  ftrf) 

♦remained  was   left    to  him,  *as  but  to  *take  compose    himself 

in  ©ebulb,  unb  $u  wfofmen  bie  6e(eibi^te  (Dame  1590 

*'m  *patience  patiently,  and  to    reconcile    the    offended      lady 


94  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

auf  roeUfy  33ebinauno,en  e§        nucb  fei.  §einrid)  t>on 

on  whatever    conditions       *it  this  *also  (might)  be.      Henry     of 

S&raunfdweio,  juerji    fa  fete        fief)     unb  au&fcrad)  in   ein 

Brunswick  first   composed  himself   and     broke  out  into    a 

lauteS  ©e(dd)ter.     (£r     griff         ben  wrnunftia,en  ^Cu&roe^ 

loud       laughter.        He  *seized  took  the     reasonable         shift 

jju      Fefyren  ben  gan^en    QSorfatt      ins       2uftia,e, 

*to  of  *turn   turning  the     whole    occurrence  into  the    ludicrous, 

unb  hieft  eine    So&rebe     ber    ©rdfin   ti6er  1595 

and    held      a      panegyric  to  the  countess  *over    on   account  of 

il)re    lanbe?mutterltd)e    <£ora,falt  unb    ttn 

her       *land's-motherly  care       (for  her  country)   and      the 

entfd)ti>ffenen  SDtutf^  ben    fie        beroiefen.    (£r    6ar    fie, 

resolute       courage,  which  she  (had)  evinced.      He  begged  her, 

ju  written    fid)     tvtyity  unb       natym  e§    auf       fid) 

to        keep      herself    quiet,     and  (he)    took      it    upon     himself 

$u  tjermcom  ben  £er$ea,  t>on  2116a  ju  $Cllem,  n>a3 

to    *prevail    persuade  the      duke      of     Alba    to       all,       that 

fei  fcillio,.    Gtr  aud)    6ract)te    e§    babin  1600 

(might)  be    just.       He    *also  *brought  *it  *thereto  succeeded  so 

roirFud)    mit   bem   Sefetenv    baf*   er   ausfertiote   einen 

far    indeed     with    the        latter,       that    he     dispatched        an 

Q3efel)l  an      tk  2(rmee  au^utiefern   roieber   ba$    geraufcte 

order    *on  to  the     army       to  return         again      the       robbed 

SSiel)    tm  (£io,entl)umern    ohne      93er$ug.       (go&alb     tk 

cattle  to  the     proprietors       without    hesitation.     As  soon  as  the 

©rdfin    r>cn    ©dbK>ar$6urg  roar   $eroi|$    ber  3urutfa,a6e, 

countess      of       Schwarzburg      was       sure    of  the    restitution, 

fie    6ebanfte       fid)         aufs  Sd)onjre  1605 

she      thanked    *herself    *upon    *the      *most    *beautiful      most 

im  il)ren  ©djren,    tk   nal)men  2l6fd)ieb   i>on 

courteously    *by     her      guests,    who       took         leave  of 

thr  febr  heflid). 

her  very  politely. 

(£6  war    ofyne    3rt>eifel   biefe   Q5ea,euenl)eit,     tie 

It     was  without     doubt       this  event,  which  (has) 

erroor&en  ben  35einamen  ber  ipelbenmuthta,en     ber     ©rdfin 
obtained  the    surname    of  the         heroic       *to  for  the  countess 


OP   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  95 

(Satfyacina  oon  ©cftroarjfcura,.  $?an        ritfymr         nocftifyre  1610 

Catharine    of      Schwarzburg.     *One  they  *praises  praise  yet  her 

flantfyafte  Sbatiaftit,  ju  befortem  tie  Dieformation  in  ihrem 

firm  activity,      to     promote    the     reformation     in     her 

Sante      tic       fcbon      turd)  ityren     ©emafyl     @raf 

country    which    already    ^through    by    her  consort       count 

^einricf;      XXXVII  roorten      eirujefufyrt     tarin, 

Henry  XXXVII       (had)        been  introduced     therein, 

afyufd)affen    ta§     9J?omtrt>efen     unt    $u    oer6effern    ten 

to  abolish       *the         monkery  and      to       improve       the 

<Sd)ulunterrid)t.         <Ste     liefe  angeteifyen      <2d)ufc     unt  1615 

school-instruction.  She  bestowed  protection      and 

Unterftu|una,  t>ie(en  ^Protefrantifc^en   <))rebia,ern    tie 

assistance       (upon)     many  Protestant  preachers    who 

hatren   au^uftefyen  QSerfo(aunam  urn  widen   tec  9veligjom 

had        to  undergo       persecutions     on  account  of  *the   religion. 

Unter   tiefen  roar  ein  ^eroiffer    (Safpac    &qui(a,    ^farrer 

Among    these     was     a      certain       Caspar       Aquila,        parson 

ju      (gaalfett,  tec  in        juwjern  S^fyren  roar          ^efot^t 

*to  at     Saalfeld,  who  in  (his)  younger     years  *was  had  followed 

oI§        $e(bpretig,er         tec      2(cmee    tes     ilaifecS    nad)  1620 

as    chaplain  to  a  regiment       the      army     of  the   emperor       to 

ten   *ftieteclantenf    unt    roert     ec   hatte  geroeigecr     fid) 

the      Netherlands,        and  because  he     had       refused   *himself 

ta     §u   taufen    eine    ^anonenf'u(]e(f    rourte    platen    in 

there    to    baptize       a  cannon-ball,  was  laden     into 

einen  $euermorfer  oon  ten  au?a,e(affenen  Ccltaten,    urn 

a  mortar  by     the         dissolute  soldiers,    in  order 

$u  roerten  gefd)effen  in  tie  2ufr,  ein    (gd)idfaff      tern 

to      be  shot        into  the     air,      a  fate,        *to  which 

ec    nod)    entfam   $tudlid>    roeit    ba§  <Puloer    roottte  nid)t  1625 

he     yet      escaped     happily,  because   the    powder     would    not 

junten.  3e|t  ec  roac     §um     §n>eiten  93?a(e  in  SefcenSgefatyr, 

take  fire.  Now  he  was  *to  at  the    second    time    in  danger  of  life, 

unt  ein  ^reiS  Don  5000  ©ulten  frant  auf  feinem 

and      a      prize      of     5000     guilders  *stood  was  set  on        his 

^opfe    roeil    tec  ^aifec     jucnte       auf  ifyn,    teffen 

head    because  the  emperor  was  angry  *upon  with    him,    whose 


96  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

interim  er  fyatti  an$eo,riffen    febmahfitf)    auf   ber  tfanjet. 

Interim    he    had         attacked      unreservedly  upon    the     pulpit. 

2(uf      bie    Q3itte     ber    £a,iffelber,  gatljarma  lief*  1630 

According  to  the  demand  of  the  Saalfeldians,  Catharine   *let  caused 

tlm  6rinom  heimliif)  auf  ihr  ©djfofif     roo   fie 

him    *bring   to  be  brought  secretly  upon  her     castle,    where  she 

Ijiefr  Wjn  r>erfcora,en  uiele   donate  unb    pffe^te   feiner 

held   him    concealed   (for)  many     months     and  took  care  of  hirn 

mir  bee   ebelften   SOienfcbenlieDe,   6i§   er  burfte  ruieber 

with  the  most  noble    philanthropy,     until  he  *durst  could   again 

Jaffen  ftcb     feljen,  Ste  frarfc   afla,emein 

*let    suffer  himself    *see     to  be  seen.       She     died      generally 

tterehrt  unb  Oerrauert   im     58ften  %i\)V  tyreS  2eben3  unb  1635 

honored   and     regretted  in  the      53th       year    of  her     life      and 

im    29ften  ibrer  SKeojerung.     2>ic  iftrcfye  $u  9iuboffrabt 

in  the     29th     of  her       reign.  The  church    at    Rudolstadt 

6eroal)rt  ifyre  ©ebeine. 

preserves    her     *bones    remains. 

$rieb.  t>on  (gefytter. 

Fred,   von   Schiller. 


$  a  I  e  m  o  n. 

P  A  L  E  M  O  N. 


SGBic  tieOliify  ba$  SKorc\enrott>  febeint   buret) 

How     lovely     the  *morning-*red  dawn  of  day  shines  through 

bie  £afelfraube  unb  bit  rcilben  Oiofen  am  Jenfrer!    2Bie 

the     hazelbush      and   the     wild       roses    at  the  window !      How 

fro!)     &te  <Scf)rcalbe  ftn^t  auf  bem  SBatfen  unter  meinem  1640 

joyfully   the      swallow     sings    on     the     rafter    under       my 

£>aet>  unb  bie  fleine  Serene   in    ber    fyohen   2uft!      2(lte$ 

roof,      and    the    little     lark       in     the      high       air !  *A11 

ift  munter,  unb  \tbt  Wan$e  \)dt      t>erjuna,t 

everything    is    cheerful,  and  every     plant      has  *made  *young 


OP  THE    GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  97 

ftd)  tm    Sfyau:    tcfy    and)   fd)eine     tscrjun^t  5 

*herself  revived  in  the     dew :       I       also        seem         revived ; 

mcin    '2tab   foil   fufyren         mid)         ©reifen     »or     bie 

my       staff    shall     *lead     bear    me    (an)  old  man     before     the 

@cbtuette  meiner  Sputttf    ta    id)  will  fefcen    mid)  1645 

threshold    of  my    cottage,  there    I     will      *set  *myself  sit  down 

rt,eo,enu&er  ber  fommenben  Serine  unb  binfeben  liOer  Die 

opposite  to  the     *coming       rising     sun      and      look        over  the 

griinen  ^Biefen.     O  roic    ftfyort    t|T  alle§   urn  mid) 

green    meadows.      O    how  beautiful  is      all    *about  around    me 

fyer!     2C(le§  roa§   id)   l)ore   ftnb   Ctimmen     ber     $reube 

here !        All      that       I     hear     are         voices       of  *the       joy 

unb    be§    SXinfo  $>t'e  23ca,el  in  ber  2uft  unb  ber 

land  of  *the    *thank  thanks.     The    birds     in   the      air     and    the 

Jpirt      auf        bem  ftelbe  ftnam  ihr  (Sntyutfenj  unb  tit  1650 

shepherd  *upon  in    the     field        sing    their     delight,        and   the 

Jpeerben    Don    ben    gra§retdjen    jpua,etn    unb     au§     bem 

flocks       from    the         grassy  hills         and    out  of     the 

burcfyroafferten    5$a(    brullen  il>re    $reube.     O    wit 

irrigated  valley      bellow  (out)   their       joy.  O    how 

ian§,    roie    fang,    ihr    ©otter!    foil    id)    nod)    fein    tin 

long,     how     long,       ye       gods !       shall     I         yet        be       a 

3eu$e     eurer    <55utf<^fcit  ?     9faunji$  93?ale  id)  fya&e  (jefefyen 

witness   of  your    goodness  ?         Ninety     times    I     have     seen 

nun  ben  2Bed)fel    ber    Safyre^etten,  unb  roenn  id)  junior"  1655 

now    the     change    of  the        seasons,         and    when      I    *back 

benfe  Don    je|t     bM§  jur     <2tunbe    meiner 

♦think  reflect  from     now     *till   (back)    to  the      hour          of  my 

©e6urt>  eine    roeite    lie6lid)e   ^usftebt,     bie       am     <£nbe 

birth,        an    extended    lovely      prospect,  which  *on  *the  *e«d 

wrtiert   fid)  umi&erfel)&ar    mir   in         reinet 

at  last  *loses    *itself  is  lost      invisible         to  me   in  (the)    pure 

2uft!    D  rote  mein  £er$  bann  wallet  auf!  3ft 

air !         O    how    my     heart    then     *boils    *up   is  agitated !    Is 

ta$  (£nt$uden,  ba§  meine  3una,e  fann        nid)t  1660 

this      rapture,      that     my      tongue  *can    is       not     able     (to) 

ftammetn?   ftnb  nid)t  meine  $reubentl)rdnen,  il)r  ©otter! 

stammer  out  ?    are  *  not      my         tears  of  joy,         ye      gods ! 

I 


98  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

§u   fcr)roadr)er    ein    <Danf  ?      %d)  I   flieffet    il;r   kronen  I 

too         weak  a       thank  ?         Alas !      flow       ye  tears ! 

ffieffet  fyerunter  tie  SOBangen!     2£enn  id)  jurii  effete 

flow        down      *the  these     cheeks !  When      I      look  back, 

barm    ifr'S  at§    tcfy  l;dtte    nur   a,elefct  einen  lancjen 

then    it  *is  appears  as  if     I      had    merely  lived        a       long 

^nlljliruj :    unb    meine     tru&en    <gtunben     waren    fur^e  1665 

spring :  and       my  sad  hours  were       short 

(SJeroitter,  fie  erfrifd;en  bie  $e(ber  unb  6efe6en  bie  ^ftan^en* 

storms,     they     refresh      the   fields     and   enliven  the      plants. 

©cbdblicfye  <Seud)en  l;a6en    nie    t>erminbert  unfere  Jpeerbe  5 

Hurtful       pestilences  have   never  diminished      our        flocks; 

nie    ein    Unfatt    f;at  t>erber6t  unfere  $8dume  unb 

never    a    mischance  has    ^spoiled  destroyed     our         trees      and 

nie    ein    fangwitrtg     Una,(ucE    l;at  gcruljet  6et 

never    a         lingering       misfortune   has    *rested     remained     by 

biefer    ipurte.      3d)   far)  fyinauS    entjMt     in    bie    1670 

this      cottage.         I     *saw  looked     out       enraptured   into  *the 

Sufunftf    wenn    meine    Winter    fpietten    Idcfyefnb    auf 

futurity,      when       my       children     played       smiling    *upon  in 

meinem  2frm,  ober  wenn  meine  ipanb    (eitete 

my        *arm    arms,     or      when      my       hand      guided     (the) 

wanfenben  $uf,tritt    bee>    piappernben  ^inbe6.     3cr)    far; 

tottering       footsteps   of  the     prattling  child.  I   looked 

f;inau6  mit  $reubentt;rdnen   in   tk  Sufunftf  wenn  icr;  far; 

out       with       tears  of  joy       into  *the  futurity,     when     I     saw 

biefe   juncjen   (gproffen   auffeimen:  icr;  rottt    fd;u|en    fie     1675 

these     young        sprouts       spring  up :       I     will      protect    them 

t)or  Uncjlucf :     id;     roitt     rt>ad)en      il;re§ 

*before     from    mischance :       I         will       watch     *of  over   their 

2Bad)Stt;um$,  id;  fprad>  bie  ©otter  roerben  feanen  bie 

growth,  I      said,      the    gods         will        bless    *the  my 

93emutnmgen:     fie      rcerben    emporroad)fen    unb    tracjen 

endeavors :  they         will  grow  up  and        bear 

r;errtid;e    ftrucfyte,    unb     roerben    33dume,     t>k      roerben 

excellent       fruits,        and       become  trees,       which         will 

nehmen   mein   fd;road;cg    2(lter   in  erquicfenben  (sd;atten.  1680 

take        my  weak  age      in      refreshing         shade. 


OF   THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  99 

@o  id)  fpracfy,  unb  trucfte   fie    an       meine  Q3ruft :  tmb 

So     I      spoke,     and   pressed  them  *on  to     my        breast :     and 

\zU    fie    finb         emporgeroacfyfen    t>ott         Segen     unb 

now   they    *are    have       grown  up  full  (of)  blessings    and 

nebmen  mem  cjraueS  2((ter    in        erfrifcfyenbert  &djatttn. 

take        my       grey     old  age  into  (a)     refreshing  shade. 

So    tie     ^pfelbdume    unb     i>k    Q3irnen&dume,    unb 

So      the        apple-trees       and      the  pear-trees,  and 

tie    boben    *ftuf36dume  wud)fen  bocfy  empor,    bie    icfy    al$  1685 

the      high  nut-trees       grew      *high       up,      which    I      *as 

Stinging   babe    gcpffanjt    urn    tk   Xputte    fyer : 

when  (a)      youth         have       planted    around  the   cottage  *here : 

fie    tra<jen    tk  alien    2fejle     xwit    umfyer, 

they     carry    *the  their     old     branches  widely    *about   extended, 

unb  netymen  hit  Heine  2Bolmun$    in      erquicfenben 

and      *take    receive  the    little       dwelling    into  (a)    refreshing 

(gcfyatten.      3>te3,    bieS    mar    mein      heftiajier       ©ram, 

shade.  This,     this      was       my     most  vehement     grief, 

o  93tirta!    t>a     bu      jtar&ejt    an  metner  bebenben  Q3rujt  1690 

o    Mirta !     when  thou  didst  expire  on       my         agitated     breast 

in  metnen  2(rmen.     £)er  ft-rufylino,  hat  nun    fd)on 

*in  within      my         arms.  The      spring      has    now    already 

fcebecft  tdn  @ra&  jroetf  $?a(  mit  55lumen :  aber  ber  Sao, 

covered  thy     grave  twelve  times  with     flowers :       but    the    day 

nahet,    em  frober  %a§  1   ba   meine  ©ebeine  merben  merben 

approaches,  a  joyful    day !    when    my     bones        will  be 

hinadecu"  $u  ben    beinen ;    t>ictletct>t     tk     femmenbe 

laid     *to    with    *the      thine ;        perhaps        the        *  coming 

Wadjt    fuljrt     ibn        berbei!     O!  id)  felje  e§  1695 

approaching    night   conducts  *him  it     hither !        O !      I      see   *it 

mit    2ufi>    roie  mein    $rauer  $5art   mallet  herunter  uber 

with  pleasure  how     my        grey       beard      flows         down      over 

meine  Q3ruft.     %\f   fpiele    mit    bem    meiffen    £aar    auf 

my       breast.       Yes,     play     with     the        white        hair        on 

meiner^Bruft  bu  fteinerBepb^r,  ber  tu         .  umhupfeft 

my     breast  thou    little    zephyr,  who  thou  *skippesthoverest  about 

mid) :  e§  ift  e^  fo       wertb>  ati  ta$  cjotbene  Qaav 

me :      it    is   *it  *so  as  worthy   (of  it),    as    the    golden      hair 


100  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

be8    frozen  SunoKnojv   unb    tie    braunen    Sotfen    am     1700 

of  the   joyful        youth,  and    the       brown       curls     on  the 

9ladtn    M    aufblufyenben  9)?dbd)en§.     O  biefer  'Xaq  foil 

neck     of  the       blooming  maiden.         O     this      day  shall 

fein   mir    cin  %a§    ber    $reube !  3d)  vt)ill  fammem  meine 

be    to  me     a     day  of*the      joy!  I     will  assemble     my 

.Svinber:    urn      mid)     her,     6i3  auf        ben    fleinen 

children  around     me      *here,    *till  even  *upon   to  the       little 

frammelnben    (Snfctj      unb  roitt    opfern      ben     ©ottern  5 

stammering    grandchild,    and    will    sacrifice    to  the         gods ; 

ber    %itav    fei    fyier     t>or     meiner   £utte;    id)    will  1705 

(let)    the      altar      be     here   before       my       cottage ;      I      will 

umfrdnjen  mein  fafyleS  $auptf  unb  mein  fd)road)er  %xm 

encircle        my       bald      head,       and     my         weak  arm 

foil   nehmen   bie   2eiet>   unb   bann   rotten  roir,  id)  unb 

shall      take        the     lyre,      and      then        will        we,      I      and 

meine   ilinber,   ftno,en    So&lieber:    bann   will  id)   frreuen 

my      children,      sing     praise-songs :    then     will     I        strew 

Q3(umen  uOer  meine  Safel  unb  mit  frozen  ©efprdcfyen  effen 

flowers     over      my      table    and  with  joyful    discourses     eat 

bas  OpferfKeifd).       ©0   ^alemon  fprad>  unb   auf4u6         1710 

the  sacrificed  meat.    Thus    Palsmon    spoke,   and  *raised-up  rose 

fid)      jitternb    son  feinem  <£tab,  unb    rief  bie   ^inber 

*himself  trembling  from      his        staff,     and  called  the    children 

§ufammenf  unb  tyttt        ein  froI)C§    $eft       tm 

together,       and     held  a     joyful   festival  *to  *the  in  honor 

©ottern. 

of  the      gods. 

@5ef5ner. 

Gessner. 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  101 

SB  t  Yt  t  L 

MIRTIL. 

$£ei  fritfem   2(&ent  9Dtirttf  l)atte  6efud)t  nod?  ten 

*By  at  (a)     still      evening     Mirtil      had      visited    yet     the 

(gumpf      monb6ea,(dn$ten ;      tie    rufyige    @ea,enb  1715 

marsh      illumined  by  moonlight;  the      quiet        *region    country 

im     SDtonbfdjein    imb    ta§   Cteb    ter    [Racial   fyatte«r 

in  the      moonlight        and      the     song  of  the  nightingale       had 

aufgefyalten  tfyn  in  fHllem  (£nt$uden.      %bzx   je|t  er  fam 

detained      him    in     silent        rapture.  But     now    he  came 

jurucf    in        tie   grune   2au6c    yon    Dte&en     coc     feiner 

back      *in    to   the    green      bower      of        vines      before      his 

etnfamett    Jpiitte    unb      ta      fanb    feinen     alten    QSatec 

solitary       cottage      and      there     found        his  old       father 

fyincjefunfen  am  93?onbfd)ein,    !;tn^etc!;nt    fettt    graueS  1720 

sunk  down    *at  in  the    moonlight,  leaning  his        grey 

Jpaupt  ttuf  ten  einen  2(rm.      ©a    er  binsfkllte       fid) 

head      upon  *the    one       arm.       There  he     placed  himself 

doc    ifyjv  tie         2(cme   a,efd)tuna,en  in  einanbec* 

before     him,     (with)  *the  his     arms  folded         *in  *another. 

(£c  ftanb    ta  (anger        fein  Q3lid  cufyte  unsecwanbt 

He    stood    there  (for  a)    long  time,  his    look    rested   immoveably 

auf    tern     ©reife ;     er    aufMcfte    nur   ptmetfat     §um 

upon     the      old    man ;      he     looked  up     only    sometimes  to  *the 

Xpimmel     turd)     ba§     ojdrt^ente         9Ce6enlau6f  unt  1725 

heaven      through     the       glittering     foliage    of   the    vine,     and 

S*ceubentf)cdnen  ffoffen     t>om      %u#e  tern     Cofyne. 

tears  of  joy         flowed   from  the    *eye   eyes  *to  of  the      son. 

O    tu!    fo    er  fprad)  nunf   tu    ten    id)    efyre    am 

O    thou!    thus  he    spoke   now,    thou  whom   I     honor  *at*the 

meijlen  ndcbft     ten  ©ottern !  23ater !  roie  fanft  fcfyfummecjt 

most      next  (to)  the      gods !       father !    how    soft      slumberest 

tu  ta!    2Bie  (dd)emb  ifr  tec  ©cfylaf  te6   ftrommen! 

thou  there !    How  smiling   is  the    sleep    of  the      pious         (man  !) 

©en)iJ5  tein  jitternber  $uf$  fyersor^ina,  au$  ter  Sputtt  1730 

Surely     thy    trembling    foot     went  forth    *out  from  the   cottage 

12 


102  INTRODUCTION  TO  THE  8Tt7DV 

511  fetjem  ben  2(&enb   in  fHtlem  @c6et  unb 

(in  order)   to  celebrate  the  evening  *in  by  (a)    still      prayer   and 

betenb    bit      ein*fd)lieffr.         <£u    bafr  and)    a,ebetet    fur 

praying  thou  didst  fall  asleep.       Thou    hast    also      prayed      for 

mid>  QSater !      Ud)f   voie  ajiicfhd)  bin  id) !     £»ie  ©otter 

me,      father !  O,      how     happy       am    I !         The      gods 

fyoren  bein  @e6et,     Ober   vtmrum   ruht  unfere    «£>utte    fo 

hear     thy    prayer.        Or  why       rests       our        cottage    so 

ftd)er    in  ben    Steven    o,e&oo,enen   t>on  ben  $rud)ten  1735 

securely  in    the   branches        bent        *from  with  the        fruits 

unferes  ftetbes  ?    Oft   rcenn   bu     roeinefr  Jreubentbrdnen 

of  our     fields  ?       Often   when  thou     weepest        tears  of  joy 

6et  meiner  fd)road)en   (gonje   fur   bie   9iuhe 

*by  on  account  of      my         impotent       care       for    the      quiet 

beine§   matten   %lttt$,   roenn    bu    bann    blideft      am 

of  thy      feeble         age,         when    thou      then      lookest    towards 

Jrummet,  unb  feoneji  mid)  freubio/  ad)  !  roa§  id) 

heaven,      and    blessest    me     joyfully,     o!      what  (emotion)     I 

empfinbe    bann,   SSater!    ad)  bann  tk        53rujr  fdjroellt  1740 

feel  then,      father !       o      then    *the  my  breast     swells 

unt>  baufitje  Sbrdnen  quillen     fcom  2(ua,e.         £>a 

and  frequent      tears  fall        from  *the  my  *eye  eyes.  When 

bu  ^tn^cft   fyeute    an  meinem  %xm    au&    ber  Qutttr  §u 

thou  didst  go  to-day     at        my         arm    out  of  the  cottage,   to 

erquidfen    bid)    an  ber  wdrmenben  ^onne,  unb  in 

refresh     thyself  at     the      warming         sun,       and  (when)  thou 

fahejr    bie  frofye  £eerbe    urn    bid)   fyer,   unb  bie  2>dume 

didst  see  the  joyful    flock    around  thee  *here,  and    the     trees 

t>ott       %vud)ti  unb  bie  frud)tfcare  @e$enb  umher>   ba    bu    1745 

full  (of)   fruits      and   the      fruitful      country   around,  then  thou 

fao,tefr :    SOJeine  ipaare         ftnb       cjeroorben  anw  unter 

saidst :  My      *hairs    hair  *are  has     become     grey   among 

$reuben.  ©efilbe  feib  immer  gefecmet,  mein  bunfelnber 

pleasures.    (Ye)   fields      be     always    blessed,      my    obscuring 

3Mic£   roirb    burd)manbern    cud)   nid)t  fana,e  mehr. 

look     will      wander  through    you      not      *long  *more    much 

3(d)  93ater!        6efler  $reunb!    6a(b   id)    roerbe 

longer.      Alas    father !  (my)  best       friend !      soon      I        shall 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  103 

tterlieren  bid).     $rauria,er  ©ebanfe !    %d)l  bann — bann  id) 

lose        thee.  Sad  thought!      Alas!    then  —   then     I 

will  pjTanjen   einen   %iuu   nefcen  bein  ©ra&     Ijin;     unb  1705 

will        plant  a         altar       near     thy    grave    *thither ;    and 

bann    fo        oft        ein  feliger  Sao,  hmmtf    wo    id)  fann 

then    *so  as  often  (as)   a    happy    day     comes,    when     I      can 

tl)un  ©ute6  *ftotfyletbenben,   bann,    25atcrf  id)  will 

do       good    (to  the)         needing,  then,      father,       I     will 

ftreuen    $)liid)    unb    QMumen   auf  Win  ©ra6ma(. 

strew       milk      and       flowers     upon    thy         grave. 

3e|t    cr     fd)nMeo,f     unb    fa!)  mit   tfyrdnenbem  1755 

Now      he    was  silent,      and    *saw  looked  with       weeping 

2(ua/        auf  Un    @rei$.      2£ie  er  liea,t   ta   lacfoelnb  unb 

*eye  eyes  upon  the    old  man.      How  he  lies  there  smilingly  and 

fd)lummert !  ec  fprad)  jefct  fd)(ud)$enb ;  rote  ber  93ionbfd)ein 

slumbers !       he     said     now      sobbing ;      how  the   moon-shine 

6efd)eint    fein  fciljles  Qawptp  unb   ben    cdan^enb    roeiffen 

shines  upon    his      bald      head,      and     the      glittering       white 

25art!    O  bajj  bie   frifyfen    5t0cnbroinbe   unb    bee   feucbte 

beard !       O  that   the      cool      evening-winds   and     the        wet 

%\)au  nid)t  fd)aben     bir !    \t%t  er  fuf,te     ifym     lit   1760 

dew     (may)    not       injure  *tothee!  now  he  kissed  *to  *him  *the 

(Stirne,  ju  roetfen  ifyn  fanft,  unb  fiifyrte  i\)n  in 

his  forehead,  (in  order)  to   wake    him  softly,    and    led      him  into 

bie  £mtte,        urn    ju  fd)(ummern      fanfter 

the  cottage,  *in  *order  *to  that  he  might     slumber      more  sweetly 

auf    roeicfyen  Jetten. 

upon       soft         skins. 


104  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 

granceSco   grancta* 

FRANCESCO    FRANCIA. 

©o    wit    bie    (Jpocfyc     be§     2£ieberaufleben3       ber 

*So       as      the      epoch      of  the         regeneration  of   the 

SBiffenfcfyaften     imb      ber      ©efehrfamfeit     l;crt>or6rad>te  1765 

sciences  and      of  *the         learning  produced 

gefefyrte  banner,  tit  pielumfaffenbfkn,         merfrourbiijften 

learned       men,         the  most  comprehensive,  the  most  remarkable 

nB  Sftenftyciv  unb     frdftigftcn      am  Qkiftt,  fo  bie 

as  men,         and    most  powerful  *on  *the  in     spirit,    so   the 

*))eriobe,    ta   bit  ^unji    ber  SDlafytefet  fyen>er*a,ina,/ 

period,    when  the     art      of  *the  painting  *went  *forth  emanated, 

wit  ein  $fyonij>    au§    ibrer       (ana,  rubenben  SCfd^Cf  roarb 

as      a      Phoenix,    out  of  *her  its    long     resting      ashes,     was 

htpdjntt  burd)  bie     crl;a6enfrcn     unb     ebeljTen     SOidnner  1770 

marked        by       the    most  elevated     and     most  noble       men 

in  ber       i^imfh     <2ie     ill       aumfehen     att  ba$  roafyre 

in  *the  this     art.         *She  it  is  to  be  looked  upon  as     the      true 

jnetbenafter    ber     Stunftr   unb    man    mocbre   feufjen   [wit 

heroic  age    of  *the     art,         and      one       miglit       sigh        [like 

Dfftan],  bag  bie    $raft  unb    ©rojsc    biefer  Jpefoenjett  ift 

Ossian],     that   the  strength  and  greatness  of  this  heroic  time  *is 

entfloben   nun   von   ber   (*rbe.     SStete    aufjTanben   in 

has       fled  now    from    the     earth.       Many  rose  in 

tnelen  Drten  unb  erhofcen        fur;         oan$       burcf;  1775 

many    places    and    elevated    themselves    entirely   through     their 

eiome     ©t&rfej      iljr     gefcen    unb    ibre    2Xrbeiten   fatten 

own        strength ;     their        life        and     their      labors  had 

©eroicfytj    unb    wavtn    roerth     ber     93hihe,    $u    roerben 

weight,        and       were       worth    *of  the   trouble,     to  be 

aufbenmfyrt    ber  dladjwtit  in  ausfubrbchen  (Shronifen, 

preserved    *to  *the  for    posterity     in       explicit  chronicles, 

wit  roir  6eft|en   fie   nod)  t>on  ben  Jpdnben  2Serebrer 

as      we    possess  them    yet  from  the     hands     (of  the)    adorers 

ber     ^unft  bamalia,er;  unb   ibr   @eifr  war  fo  1780 

of  *the     art     (who  lived)  at  that  time  ;    and    their  spirit    was    so 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  105 

efyrwurbia,,  ate  nod)  ityre  Odrtiam  Jpdupter   e§   ftnb  un§, 

venerable,       as     yet    their   bearded        heads       *it     are     to  us, 

tie     wir   fcetracbten    mit   (£l)rfurd)t    in    ben    fd)d$&aren 

which     we    contemplate  with    veneration     in      the        valuable 

(gammtunom   ifyrer   S5ilbniffe.     £)ino,e   una,ewcf)nlid)e  tmt> 

collections      of  their    portraits.       Things     extraordinary      and 

ima,tauOlid)e    23ielenr    e§  a,efd)al)en  unter    ifynen^ 

incredible       to  many,   *it  *happened  were  done  among     them, 

weif    fcer  (£nfl)ufusmufv    bcr    jc|t  nur  flimmeri>  mie  eiit  1785 

because  the      enthusiasm,      which  now  only     gleams,     like     a 

fd)wad)e§    2dmpd)eiv    entjTammtc   alle  Sfielt  in  jener 

feeble         little  lamp,       inflamed        all    (the)  world    in     that 

(jotbenen  3«t     5>t«   entartete    *ftad)fommenfd)aft  Oe^weifelt 

golden      time.      The  degenerated  posterity  doubts 

ober    Ma&)t   fo  manege     fcewdfyrte    ©efd)id)te   au§   biefen 

or     laughs  at  *so  many  an  authenticated    story       *out  of  these 

Settciv  ate      Sttdrdjen    voetC    bcr  gcttlicfye  J-unfen  tft 

times,     as  (at)      tales      because  the      divine       spark     *is  has 

gewidjen  ganj       au§    t!>rer  <2eete.  1790 

*gone  *away  abandoned  entirely  *out  *of  their    *soul  souls. 

(£ine    ber    merfrtmrbiajren  @5efd)id)ten  biefer   5Crtf   bie 

One  of  the   most  remarkable       stories       of  this  kind,  which 

id)  I)a6e   nie   fennen  (efen    ofyne    Srjfrwnen 

I     have  never    *can      been  able   to     read   without  astonishment 

unb    6ei  ber      bod)     mem   £er$  wart     nie 

and     *by  concerning  which  however      my      heart     was     never 

gefufyrr  in  QSerfucfyuno,  $u  jweifeln  iffc   bie  Qbtfdyidjtt 

led       into  (the;     temptation      to      doubt       is    the        story 

t»n  bem  $obe    be§    alten    9Dtal)ter3    $rance§co   ft-rancia,  1795 

of      the     death  of  the    old         painter       Francesco      Francia, 

we(d)er  war  ber  2(l)nl)err  unb  (Stammoater  ber  <2d)u(e,   bie 

who     was  the  grand-sire  and        head  of  the  school,  which 

6ilbete    fid)    in  35oIoana  unb  ber  SomOarbei. 

formed   itself  in    Bologna    and  *the    Lombardy. 

$>iefer      $rance§co      war      a,everen      r-on      gerin^en 

This  Francesco         was  born  of  low 

•^anbwerfsleuten,  aber  tyatti  empora,efd)wuna,en     fid)     §u 

mechanics,  but      had  raised  himself    to 


106  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

tern  I;od)ffcn  ©ipfel    bc$    Diufyms  burd)  feinen  unermubeten  1800 

the     highest   summit  of  *the   glory        by        his  untired 

gfetfj      unb  feinen  @5eift  tmmer  fymaufffre6enbem      3n 

application   and       his       spirit      ever       striving  upwards.         In 

feiner  3uomb  er  roar  $uerft    6ei    einem  ®olbavbiitivf  unb 

his        youth      he  was     first      with       a  jeweller,        and 

er  Mbttt   fo   fiinfHicfye  ©ad)en  in  ©olb  unb  <gi(6er,  bafc 

he  formed    so        artful         things     in    gold     and     silver,     that 

fie   feften  in   Chrjraunen    Stfben,   ber  fat>    fie.     (£r  aucr; 

they  did  put  in  astonishment  every  one,  who  saw  them.      He  also 

a,ru&  tan$e    Sett    bie    (gtempel    £tt  alien  1805 

engraved    (for  a)     long      time     the       stamps       *to     for        all 

£>enfmun$e»v   unb   atte   JtfrfJen  unb   Jperjoge  fefeten  eine 

medals,  and      all       princes     and       dukes      placed     an 

<£\)vt   battin    §u   (affen  a66i(ben       fid) 

honor   therein    *to    *let       *portray  ^themselves    to  be  portrayed 

auf  ifyren  SDiu  n$en  r-on  feinem  @rijfe(.  2>enn  bamalS  e3  roar 

upon  their     coins      from     his       pencil.      For        then    *it  *was 

nod)  bie  S^tt/    ba   atte         SBomefymen     be$  2anbe§ 

existed  yet    the  time,  when  all  (the)  eminent  (men)  of  the  country 

unb  atte         93?it(mra,er   t>ermod)ten  ju  macfyen  ben  ^unfKer  1810 

and  all  (the)  fellow-citizens  were  able   to      make     the      artist 

frofy    turd)   tl>ren    fautfd)attenben     33etfaff.        Unenblid) 

proud       by       their        loud-sounding       applause.  *Infinitely 

mU  furfKtcfye  ^3erfcnen  famen  burd)    Q5o(oana,  unb 

many   princely       persons     *came  passed  through    Bologna,     and 

nid)t    oerfdumten   $u    (affen  ityr     SBilbnijj     ju 

(did)     not  neglect  to      *let     cause   their     likeness       to 

jetcfynen  t>on     $rance§co  unb    nad)fyer   ju  fd)netben 

*draw    be  drawn  *of  by  Francesco  and  afterwards  to        *cut 

unb  prcujen  in   SRctatt.  1815 

be  cut    and  *impress  to  be  impressed  into     metal. 

%Ut  eroio,  fceroeojidjer,  feuria,er  @5eijt  $rance§co'3 

But    (the)    ever         active,  fiery      spirit    of  Francesco 

ftreute  nad)  einem  neuen  $e(be    ber    2(r6eit>  unb  je  mefyr 

strived    after       a  new      field   of  *the    labor,     and  the  more 

feine     fyeiffe     (£J;r6ea,ierbe      roarb  a,efdttia,t      bcjto 

his       ardent         ambition        *became    was        satiated  the 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  107 

Uno,ebu{bia,er  er  roarb  auftufdilieffeix  fid)       cine  a,an$ 

more  impatient  he  became     to  disclose      *to  for  himself   a      quite 

neue  nod)  un&etretene  Q5abn   $um   Dvufym.  <Sd)on  1820 

new     yet     untrodden       path     to  *the    glory.      (When)   already 

trierjia,  Sabre  alt  er     trat  in   tie  (2d)ranfen  einer 

forty     years   old   he  *stepped  entered  *into  the  lists         of  a 

neuen    ivunjr;    er    iiOte  im  tyinfd  mit 

new         art ;         he  *exercised  practised  *in  with  the  pencil   with 

un&ejroinflu'cfyer  @ebidbr  unb  vidjktt  fetn  aan$e§  D?ad)benfen 

unconquerable    patience,  and   directed     his    whole     meditation 

auf  bag  Stubium   ber  GEompofttion   im     ©rojsen 

upon  the      study     of  *the  composition  *in  *the  *great     at  a  large 

unb  be6  @ffect6  ber  $aruen.  tlnb  ce  war  aufferorbentticf)  1825 

scale  and  of  the  effect  of  the  colors.      And  it  was     extraordinary 

roie  fd)nell  e§     getana,      tym  ^er»orju6ringen 

how  quickly  *it  *succeeded  *to*him  he  succeeded       to  produce 

2Berfe,    tie    fe&ten        in        23errounberuna,.    <£r    roarb 

works,   which    *put    filled  *in  with       admiration.         He  became 

in    ber   Xtyat  cin   &or$iia,fid)et   SDcafyler ;  benn  roenn  auA) 

in    *the     deed     an    extraordinary     painter ;        for        *if      *also 

er  fyatte  mefyrere  WlitftmttVt  unb  fet&ft  ber  gotrticfje 

although  he     had    several        rivals,  and    even  the     divine 

Oiaphaef   arfceirete    $u    ber   Btit   in  9iom,  fo  man  fonnte  1830 

Raphael       worked      at    the     time     in    Rome,  *so    one      could 

immer  mit  9ved)t         recfynen  aud)  feine  SOBcrf e  $u  ben 

always*with*justice  justly  count    also    his     works  *to  among  the 

tjornehmjlm      2>enn  atferbino,?  tk  <8d)on!)eit  in  ber  ^unjr 

most'distinguished.     For       indeed    *the      beauty     in  *the     art    » 

ift  nid)t  fo   arm   unb   armefv    baj?         2e6en 

is     not      (something)    so    poor    and    indigent,   that  (the)       life 

eine§   93?enfd)en   fonnte  erfd)opfen  fie;    unb  tyx  ^>rei§  ift 

of  one        man  could        exhaust      it ;      and     its  reward    is 

Fein  2oo§    bag    attein  nur  fdttt  auf  einen  2(u6ertt)dt)(ten ;  1835 

no      lot     which  *alone  only    falls  upon      a  chosen  one ; 

tuetmefyr  il)r  Sicbt  jcrfpaltet    fid)     in        taufenb  Stral)Ienf 

rather      its   light       splits       *itsclf  into  (a)  thousand       rays, 

2Giberfd)ein     beren    roirb  juriicfyeroorfen    in     unfer 

(the)       reflection       of  which     is         thrown  back        into     our 


108  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

ent$uct*te§  5du}e          t>on      ben  grojjen  -SvimfHern   bie    ber 

enraptured  *eye   eyes  *from  by  the    great        artists      which  *the 

£immel         flefefct  auf  bie  SfBcft. 

heaven  (had)  placed  upon  the   world. 

ft-rancesco  a,erabe  (cute    unter        ber  erjTen  (feneration  1840 

Francesco       just     lived    *under    in   the      first      generation 

ber    eblen    ^imjHer,   roefcfye    (jenoffen        Stcfyttmo,     urn 

of  the  noble         artists,        who        enjoyed  (an)    esteem      *about 

fo         $rof3ere   unb  atlgemeimre,  ta    fie    grunbeten  $an$ 

*so  the    greater     and    more  general,    as    they      founded      quite 

ein   neue§,   oJdn^enbeS    9^$    «uf  hen   irummern    ber 

a        new,         splendid       realm     upon    the         ruins         of  *the 

25ar0arei;   unb    in   ber   2 omfcar bis   gerabe.     (£r   roar   ber 

Barbary ;      and     in    *the    Lombardy       even.        He    was    the 

Ctifter,    unb         gleidjfam        ber     erfre     g-urft     biefer    1845 

founder,       and       in    a    manner       the       first       prince    of  this 

neua,eo,runbetm     ^errfebaft.         €eine     rt,efd)i<fte     £anb 

newly   established       dominion.  His  able  hand 

t-otlenbete  eine  un^dfytbare  9J£ena,e  r>on  l;errlid)en  ®emdh(ben 

completed    an   innumerable  multitude  of       splendid      paintings 

bie    ajnflen   nicfyt   nur    burd)    bie   cjanje   Som&arbie    [in 

which    went        not      only  through  the    whole    Lombardy      [in 

roetd)er  feine  @rabt     rooltte     (affen  nad)faa,en  r>on     fid> 

which      no        city     was  willing   *let     *say  *after   *of     *itself 

baft    fie        fcefdffe     nicfyt    roeniojren§  eine  1850 

to  have  it  said,   that    *she  it  possessed     not  at  least        one 

<)>ro&e    feiner    Sfrueit],    fonbem    and)     in     tit     anbern 

proof      of  his       labors],  but  also      into     the       other 

©eo/nben         c-on  3talienf  unb   t?erfunbi^ten    laut    feinen 

*regions    parts  of       Italy,        and      announced      loudly      his 

Dvuhm  alien  &ua,enf   bie   roaren  fo  ajucflicr;  $u  6etrad)ten 

glory     to  all      eyes,   which    were     so     happy       to  contemplate 

fte.      £>ie    Static nifd^m    Jurjten    unb    ^er^oge    roaren 

them.      The  Italian  princes       and      dukes         were 

eiferfucfytio,,  ju  6efifeen   Q3ilt>er   r>on   iljmj   unb   t>on  alien  1855 

jealous,        to     possess    paintings    of     him ;    and     from     all 

^eiten  Sofcfprucfye  ju^frromten  ihm.      9veifenbe  t>erpfTan$ten 

sides        praises        streamed     to  him.    Travellers       planted 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  109 

feinen   Sftamen     attec     Dcte     wo     fie   l;ina,efana,ten  unt 

his         name    *of  in  all  places  where  they        came  to         and 

tec    fcfymeicbetyafte  SQ3ieterl;att     ifycec    Dveten    5111*11  entente 

the  flattering  echo         of  their  speeches     re-sounded 

in  feirt  Dfyc.  Q3o(oanefec,  tie  6efud)ten  9vcmr  pciefen 

into    his    *ear  ears.      Bolognese,     who    visited      Rome,   praised 

ityren   r>dter(dntifdien  .ftunjHec   tem   Siapfyaet,  imb  1860 

their       *fatherlandish  country's     artist      to  *the   Raphael,     and 

tiefciv  tec    aud)    tyattt    Qtfztyn    writ     6enmntect 

this     (latter),  who     also        had         seen         and         admired 

einia,e§  t>on       feinem  Spinfetf   6e$euo,te   ifym   in 

♦something  some  productions  of  his      pencil,    testified    to  him  in 

Q3ciefett   feine    2U1;tuno,    unt    3uneio,unc",   mtt    tec   fanften 

letters        his       esteem        and       affection       with    that      mild 

Seutfe(ic]feit  eujent()itm(id)en   ifym.      £>ie  Sd)ciftffeUec  feinec 

affability  peculiar  to  him.     The        authors        of  his 

3eit  fonnten  nid)t  enttyalten         fid)        etn^uftec^ten  1865 

time     could        not      refrain       *themselves    *to  *entwine    from 

fern  £o&    in    atte   iljre  SfBerfe ;     fie     cid)teten 

entwining    his   praise    in      all    their    works;       they     directed 

tie  2(uam    tec    9cad)rc>e(t   auf  ifytt  unt  er$al)tten 

the     eyes     of*the    posterity    *upon  towards  him    and     related 

mit      roicfytiger  SDttene     taf,  ec  fet       c-ecefyct  rote  ein  @ott. 

with  (a)  heavy     countenance  that  he  *be  was  adored  as      a    god. 

G*inec  »on  ifynen  ifl  fufyn  genua,  §u  fd)cei6eiv  tafj  SKapfyaef 

One     of    them     is     bold    enough  to        write,       that    Raphael 

auf   ten    %nbli&     feinec     SDtabormen  wcuujen    tie  1870 

at      the         sight        of  his       Madonnas     (had)   abandoned    the 

$rorfenfyeif>     tie  ana.ef(e6t     it;m      nod)    t>on    tec 

dryness,       which  (had)       adhered       to  him      yet      from     the 

Scfyute     r>on     ^eruaja,     unt     !;a6e    ananiommen    einen 

school        of        Perugia,        and       had  assumed  a 

Qrojjern  <2ti(. 

greater    style. 

2£a§    antecS  fur    eine    SOBicfuna,   fonnfen    tiefe 

What      *else    other   *for      *a  effect  could       these 

roietecfyolte  <&d)ia$t  I;a6en  auf  taS  ©emiitl;  unferS  1875 

repeated      strokes       have  (exerted)  upon  the       mind       of  our 

K 


1]0  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 

ftranceSco  at$       baf3  fetn  Utyafttv  ©eijt  empov^oO    fid) 

Francesco   *as  but  that    his       lively        spirit     elevated        itself 

$u  tern  cbelfren  i^unjrferjroljr  unb  cv  anftno,  $u  <jtauOen 

to    the     noblest    artist's  pride,     and  (that)  he  began    to    believe 

an      einen    himmlifdjen    @eniu§   in   feinem     3nncm. 

*on  in       a  heavenly  genius      in       his        inward  man. 

2Bo     ftrtbet  man    nun    biefen    erfyafcenen    ©tofj? 

Where    *finds   meets    one       now       this         elevated  pride? 

2Sero,e6enS  man   fud)t   itm       unter  ten  -Svunfflern  unferer  1880 

In  vain        one     seeks  *him  it  among  the         artists       of  our 

3eiten,  roetcfye    rooljl   finb  eitel  auf  fid>       auer  nid)t 

times,      which     indeed   are  vain  *upon  of  themselves,  but     not 

frofy   auf  ifyre  ifunjr. 

proud    of    their      art. 

SKapfyaef  roar  ber   <£in$i$e    roekfyem  er      lief,      geften 

Raphael     was    the   only  man     whom      he     admitted  *value 

fur  fein     DMenbufyler     yon     alien    SOvahlern 

to  be  thought*for    his  rival  of         all  painters 

ajei<%iti<,en       tynu  3nbef>   er  roar  geroefen  1885 

contemporary  *to  with  him.        However  he  *was     had       been 

nie    fo  ^tucftict),  §u  fefyen  tin   Q3itb   oon  feiner  £anb,  benn 

never  so      happy,     to     see      a  painting  of      his      hand,     for 

in  feinem  Sefcen    er    roar        $efommen 

*in  during     his     (whole)    life        he    *was  had       *come       gone 

nid)t  roeit  oon  SBologna.    £>od)  nad)  oielen 

not       far    from    Bologna.        Yet    *after  in  consequence  of  many 

35efd)reibunam  er  hatte    gemacfyt     fid)      ein    fefre6    tbilb 

descriptions       he    had       made  to  himself     a        firm    picture 

in    ber        3bee   r-on    ber    Lanier     beS     SKapfyaefS/  unb  1890 

in   *the  his   ideas     of       the     manner    of  *the     Rapbael,      and 

fid)     fe|t    u&er^ua,t>  6efonber§  ami)  burd)    beffen 

(he  held)  himself  firmly  convinced,  particularly  also      by    *to  *him 

6efd)eibenen  unb  fcl;r  (jefatfia.en  Son  a^en  iljn  in  feinen 

his       modest        and  very      kind         tone  towards  him  in      his 

33riefen,   bajj   er   fomme        aitid)    ifym    in   ben  meiften 

letters,      that    he     *come  was    like   *to  him    in   *the      most 

Ctueien  unb  in  einitjen  fya&e         nod)  roofyt  a,e6rad)t 

*pieces    respects  and  in     some    *have  was  yet    rather*brought 


OF  THE   GERMAN   LANGUAGE.  1H 

ce>  wetter.  (£8  roar  t>orI3et;a(ten  feinem  fyofyen  1895 

*it  *farther  more  advanced.      It    was    preserved     *to  for  his  high 

Sttter,    §u   fefyen    tin     35tfb     ooit    £>vapt;ae(    mtt    feinert 

old  age,    to       see        a      painting    of        Raphael      with       his 

eujenen  2(uo,en, 

own       eyes. 

@an$   unerroarret   er   empftna,   einert   23rief  t>on   t!)m 

Quite   unexpectedly    he     received        a        letter    from    him 

worm    jener     ertfyedte       tf;m     tie  9?ad>rid)t:   er   \jabt 

in  which     he   communicated    to  him    the       news :  he     had 

efcert  r-ollenbet  cin    2tttaro,emd{be     x>on  ber  fyeilujen  (£act(ta  1900 

just     finished      a  painting  of  the  altar  of     the      holy       Cecilia 

welches  fet  oejtimmt  fur  bie  Rivdjt    be§    fyeificjen  SofyanmS 

which   was  destined     for  the   church  of  *the    saint  John 

§u  SBotogna;  unb     babti  er   fcfyriefc,   er 

at     Bologna;     and    ^thereby  at  the   same  time  he     wrote,     he 

werbe   fenben   ba§>   &tM   an      ifyn  feinen   $reunb  unb 

would       send      the      piece    *on  to  him      his  friend     and 

fat     ba§  er  mod)te  er$ei$en  ifym  Un  ©efatfen,  $u  laffen 

begged  that  he    might         do        him    the      favor,         to    cause 

c§  aufricfytert  a,e!;oriQ  auf  feiner       (^retfe,  aucfy  werm  e§  1905 

it  to  be  erected  properly    on       *his     its     place,     also        if      it 

fet      trgenbroo  6efd)dbio,t  auf  ber    SKeife,    ober  er  fonffc 

should  be  any-where     injured       on     the   journey,     or     he    else 

tt>al)rndf)me    injenb  ein  23erfet)en  ober   einert    %e\)kv,  a(S 

should  observe  any  error  or  a  fault,       as 

$reunb  §u  6effern  unb   nad^ufyelfen. 

(his)    friend     to   correct    and   to  *help  *after  lend  a  helping  hand. 

5>iefer   Q3rtef  roerin   ein  9iapt)aet  ga&  ben  <pinfel   in 

This        letter   wherein    a      Raphael    gave   the     pencil   into 

bie      ipdnbe  ifym,  fe|te  ifyn  auffer  fid)  fe!6ft  unb  er  fonnre  1910 

*the  his  hands*to*him,    put    him  beyond  him   self   and  he  *could 

nid)t  erroarten  tk  2tnftmft  be§ 

*not     *expect    waited  with  impatience  for    the     arrival    of  the 

Q3i(be$.      £r    rcufte    ntd)t    was       Oeocrftanb       ifym. 

painting.       He      knew       not       what  *was  ^imminent   *to  *him 

Orinft       ati      er     fam      nad) 

he    was    to    experience.         Once      when      he      came      *after 


112  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 

#aufe  nad)  einem  SCu6gangif  feine  €d)iHer 

*house  home   after      a        *out-*going  promenade,  his      scholars 

etlten    ent^ert  itym,     unb  er^dblten    iljm    mit   1915 

hastened  *against    to  meet    *to  him,  and      related     to  him  with 

grojser  ftreube,  t>a§   ©emdlbe    be§    9vapl;ael    fei 

I  great         joy,       (that)  the      painting  of  *the   Raphael     *be  had 

ancjefommen         inbef;,       unb  fie  fydtten  cjejMt  ee  fd)on 

arrived       in  the  mean  time,  and  they     had      placed    it  already 

in   fca§      fcfyonjfc     £td;t.      $rancesco  filiate  fyinein  auffer 

into  the  most  beautiful    light.        Francesco  rushed      in     beyond 
himself.  — 

%kt  vok  foil  tcf>  fd)ilbern    ber    SOBelt       beutujen         1920 

But    how  shall   I      portray   to  the    world  of  the  present  day 

tie  (£mpfinbun<)en,    t»ic    bev  aufferorbent(id)e  9J*ann  fufylte 

the        emotions,         which  the       extraordinary        man        felt 

$erreiffen    fein    3«nere6.        (£$     war     ifym,  rote 

tear  his        interior.  *It     *was   *to  *him   he  felt,    as 

mtifjte  fein  einenv  ber     roctltc     umnrmen  feinen 

*must    *be    *to  one  must  feel,  who  wished  (to)    embrace        his 

35ruber  entfernten  yon  ihm    feit   feiner  .^inbfyeit    an   unb 

brother      sepaiated   from  him  since      his       childhood   *on     and 

txbiidit  fratt    beffen    einen  C^n^el    be$    Sicbts    uor    1925 

(who)     sees      instead  of  him      an        angel  of  *the  light  before 

feinen  2(ua,en.    <&tin  3nnere3   roar   burd)6ol)rt;   e?>    roar 

his         eyes.  His      interior      was        pierced ;        *it  *was 

tfym  aB         er      fdnfe       in     bie     ^nie 

*to  *him  he  felt    as    (if)   he  *did  *sink  *into    *the  *knees    was 

tor     einem  fyotyem   2Befen    in  cotter 

thrown    down    before         a         higher       being      in  (the)     full 

Serfnirfdjuno,  feineS  XperjenS.     Grr  ftanb   ba,  a,erul)rr 

contrition        of  his       heart.         He   stood  there,  (as  if)  touched 

torn        Conner;    unb  feine  <&d)ukt  brdn^ten      fid)         1930 

by    (a)  thunder-clap ;   and      his     disciples     pressed      themselves 

urn    ben  alten  SKann  fyerum,  unb  fyietten  ifyn,  fraa,ten  ifyn, 

around  the    old       man     *about,    and  up-held  him,    asked    him, 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  113 

\ua$  fyafce    Befallen        tfm?  unb  roufjten  nicfyt,  uoa$>    fie 

what    had     happened  (to)  him  ?   and      knew       not,     what  they 

fottten  benfen. 

*should  were  to  think. 

(£r    \)atti      etroaS        erfyolt       fid)       unb   an*f?arrte 

He       had      somewhat     recovered     himself     and      regarded 

immerfort    ba§     Q3i(b     gortttdje    u6cr  alleS.  1935 

continually    the    painting     divine      *over  beyond     all      (others.) 

2£ie   er   roar         heraOo/fatlen   auf       einmal  son  feiner 

How    he    *was  had     fallen  down    *upon  at     once      from      his 

£olje!       2£ie  idjmv  er  muf,te  Oufcen   bie    (Sunbe 

height !         How  heavily  he    *must  was  to    repent     the        sin 

julja&en  erfyo&en     ftd;    afl$u»ermej[en  6i§       an 

*to*have  of  having  elevated  himself  too  arrogantly  *  until  *on  to  the 

tie  €rerne,  unb  §u  fyaben  $efe|t    fid)     efyrfikfytig  uueril)nf 

stars,       and    to     have     placed  himself  ambitiously   above    him, 

ben  unnad)abm(id)en  Oiapfyaei,     (*r  fd)(ua,      fid)        t>or      1940 

the  inhnitable  Raphael.       He  struck  *himself    *before 

feinen  <u*auen  ^opf  unb   roeinte  Oirtere  ftf)mer$enbe 

against     his         grey       head     and      wept       bitter         painful 

Sfyrdnen,  bajj  er  I)aOe  t>er6rad)t  fein  2e6en    mit       eitelm, 

tears,        that   he    had        spent         his      life     *with  in    vain, 

ctyrgeijiom  @d)tt>ei£e  unb         a,emad)t    fid)     babet     nur 

ambitious    perspiration  and  (had)     made     himself   thereby  *only 

immer     tl)orid)ter,     unb    nun      enb(td)     miiffe 

but      ever       more  foolish,     and      now     at  length     *must     was 

5uru<ffel)cn    auf  fein    <jan^e6   2e6en    ate    auf    1945 

compelled  to     look  back     upon     his       whole        life        as     upon 

ein    elenbesv    unDottenbeteS  Stumperwerf.      (£r  empcrsfycO 

a      miserable,        imperfect  bungling.  He     lifted  up 

aud)  feme  33ftcfe  mit  bem  erl)e6enen    5(ntli|      ber  tyeiliam 

also      his     looks   with    the    lifted  up    countenance  of  the     holy 

(Sdcitie,  $ei$te   bem  ipimmei  fein  nmnbe6,  reuigeS  iper^unb 

Cecily,  showed  to  *the  heaven     his  wounded,  repenting  heart  and 

gefcemuthiflt  fcetete  urn  93eri|e6uno,. 

(being)        humbled      begged  for    forgiveness. 


114  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 

<£t  fuf)tte    fid)    fo  tywad)  fcaf;  feine  BtyuUt  muf,ten  1950 

He     felt     himself  so      weak      that     his      scholars      *must 

Orirtflen  ilm  ju   35ett.         Q3eim 

were  compelled  to     bring      him  to      bed.         *At    *the       when 

,£erau?a,el;en     au§     tern   ^tmtmx    einia,e    feiner   Qkmdlbe 

going  out  of     the         room        some      of  his     paintings 

unb     befonberS     feine    frcrOenbe     (Sdcilie,     voelcbe     nod) 

and     particularly        his  dying  Cecily,       which        yet 

fyino,  b.t      fielen       if;m  in       tie     1(u$m 

was    hanging       there       *fell      *to    *him     *into     *the       *eyes 

unb  er    faft    t-erajna,      t>or  1955 

attracted  his  observation    and  he  almost  perished    *before     with 

©cfymerj. 

affliction. 

23on  ber  3«t    an    fern   ©emutf)    war   in   fcejlanbiger 

From   that    time  *on     his         mind        was     in      continual 

Skrrotmmgr    unb     man     kmerfte      faft     immer     eine 

derangement,       and       one        observed      almost     always  a 

gewiffe     2(6n)efenl;eit      be§      (UeijJeg     6ei       il;m.      £>ie 

certain  absence         of   *the       spirit       *by   in   him.         The 

<£cbn)dci)en     be§       %ittt%     unb    bte    (Srmattuna,      be§     1960 

foibles         of  *the    old  age      and     the        faintness       of  *the 

©eijTefv  mtfyt  roar       anwfen  fe  (onge  in       immer 

his     spirit,        which    *was  had     been      so     long    in  (an)     ever 

angeftrengtec  %l)at\$hit  6ei  ber  €>6opfung  Don  fo  taufenberlei 

vigorous  activity      at  the      creation      of  *so  a  thousand 

©efhilten    traten    fyin^u,  urn     $u  erfcl)uttern   bag 

forms       *stepped       *to    joined,  in  order    to         shake  the 

£au§  feiner  £ee(e    Den  @5runb  au§. 

•house  receptacle  of  his  soul    *from  *ground  *out  in  its  foundation. 

Utti    tit   unenb(id)  mannia,faltta,en  Q3i(buno,eiv    tie    batten  1965 

All     the     infinitely  various  formations,    which    had 

&ert>eo,t     fid)         in  feinem  mafylerifdjen  (Sinn 

moved  *themselves   in       his       *picturesque     imaginative  *sense 

unb    roaren         u6ero,ea,ana,en    jur  5£irflid)ftit 

mind    and      *vvere    had        passed  *to  *the  into       reality 

in  ftar&en  unb  Sinien  auf        Seinroanb,  je&t  fufyren 

in      colors      and     lines    upon  his      canvass,       now    *drove  past 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  115 

burd)     feme    <2eete    mit    tferjerrten    3uo,en    unb   roaren 

through     his        soul       with      distorted      features     and       were 

tit  tyUitftfifav,    bit    dnajti^ten   i\)ti  in  feiner  $ie6erl)i|e.  1970 

the     tormentors,     which   frightened    him    in      his        fever-heat. 

(Stye    feme  CcfyiHer    t-erfafyen        ftcfy  c^f  fie  fanben 

Before    his      scholars  were  aware  *themselves  (of)  it,  they    found 

ifyn  fie^en  tcbt     im  ^ett. 

him   lying  dead  in  *the  his  bed. 

&o   biefer  tylann  erfr   rourbe  baburd)  recfot         grofi, 

Thus     this       man      first  became    thereby  *right  truly  great, 

baj?  er  ful)(te      fid)     fo  ffein    o,e<}en  ben 

that  he     felt     himself    so    little  *against  in  comparison  with  the 

fyimmufcfyen  9vapl)ae(.      3tyn  <md)  ber  @eniu§    ber    ivunft  1975 

heavenly       Raphael.         Him   also    the     genius  of  *the     art 

tyatte  ^efprod)en  (angf    fyeilio,  unb         umo,efcen 

had   *spoken     pronounced  long  since  holy      and  (had)  encircled 

fein   £tiupt   mit   bem   <Stral)(enfretfe,    ber    ^eOiil;rt    iljm 

his       head      with    the  halo,  which    is  due    to  him 

a(§  einem  dcfyten  -sOtartyrtf    be§    ^uniTentl)ufta?mu§. 

as        a       genuine     martyr      of  the      enthusiasm  of  art. 

£>er  aire  Safari  \)at  -ufcerliefert    unS  bie  obia,e 

The    old      Vasari    has  handed  down  to  us  the  above  (related) 

^rjdhumi}    yen    bem    $cbe     be$     ftrancesco    ftrancia    in  1980 

story  of       the     death   of  *the  Francesco       Francia     in 

roehtem  ber  @eift    ber        llrr-dter         ber     ^unfr    nod) 

whom      the   spirit  of  the  original  fathers   of  the       art         yet 

rcefyfe. 

breathed. 

SOBatfenrober. 

Wackenroder. 


116  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

3D  i  c  23  r  u  b  e  r. 

THE    BROTHERS. 

Omar  unb  9ftad)mub,  tie  €cbne  einer  armen  $ami(ie 

Omar     and     Machmud,     the     sons       of  a     poor       family 

le&ten inter    9Mhe      t>on  Q3ao,bab.   2(18  ber$aterfrar&f  fie 

lived  in  the  neighborhood  of    Bagdad.  Whentheir  father   died,  they 

er6ten   nur  ein  fteineS  SSermogett;  unb  3eber  yon    ihnen    1985 

inherited  only    a       little         fortune,        and    each      of    *to  them 

fcefd)loj?   $u    uerfud)en,  rcie  t;oct>         er  fenne  6rino,en  fein 

resolved    to  try,  how  *high  far  he  *could     *bring    *his 

©li'idi  bamir.      Omar   $ea,   fortr     urn     §u 

*luck  might  succeed  therewith.      Omar    went  forth,  in  order  to 

mad)en  eine  Heine  9ieife,  unb  ju  ftnben  ben  Ort  too  er  vootte 

make       a     little  journey,  and  to     find     the  place  where  he  would 

nieberfaffen   fid).    SDicutmub  begafc    fid)   nad)  Q5aa,bab,  roo 

settle       himself.   Machmud  betook  himself  to     Bagdad,  where 

er     anfino,     einen  fteinen  £anbe(,    ber   wrmeljrte  in  1990 

he  commenced       a         little        trade,     which  increased     in    (a) 

farmer    Suit    fein    2>ermca,en       urn       ein     2(nfel)nlid)e3. 

short     time      his        fortune  *about       *a         *considerable 

(£r  leBte  fefyr  fparfam  unt  emgqogefy  unb 

considerably.      He   lived    very    sparingly   and         retired,       and 

fammefte  fora/attig    jzU  3?d)ine  $u   feinem   Capital 

♦collected    added     carefully     every    zechin    to        his  capital 

urn    §u  unternebmen  wieber    etn>a§    9?eue3  mit  biefem. 

in  order  to      undertake         again  something     new     *vvith    *this 

5(uf  biefe    2(rt    er   befam    §rebit  6ei  mehreren  1995 

therewith.       In      this  manner  he  obtained   credit  with     several 

reicfyen  .ftaufteuten,  *ie  abtraten  juroeiten  iljm   einen  Xfytil 

rich         merchants,    who  seceded   sometimes  to  him      a        part 

ber       (£d)ifffrad)t        Unb       Derfmfyen     <8pecu(aticnen 

of   their       freight  and  tried  speculations 

gemeinfdiaftfid)  mtf    ibm     93?ad)mub     tx>arb 

♦common  in  company    with     him.        Machmud     became 

brcifter     turd)  roteberboIteS       ©did,       er      wao,te 

bolder  by       (a)        repeated         good  fortune,  he      ventured 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  117 

greffere   €:ummen,  unb   jebe§  $)lai    fte    fcrachten    ifym     2000 

larger  sums,         and    every     time   they     brought     to  him 

reiibticfye  Sinfen. 

rich       interest. 

9lad)  unb  naif)   er    nwrbe    fcefannter,   feme   ©efcr/dfte 

By       and      by      he    became  more  known,    his        business 

wurben<jro§erf  er  fyatte  Cummen  ausftefyen  6ei  wkn 

became  greater,  he   had         sums        *stand     standing  with  many 

Seutetv  fo  vok  er  lycittt        m  bm       Jpdnben        ©elber 

people,  *so    as    he     had  (also)  in  *the  his      hands   (the)  money 

Don  rielen   SCnbern,   unb  ba§    ©hicE     ftfyien     $u   (dcbeTn  2005 

of      many       others,      and  *the   fortune    appeared     to      smile 

ti)m       fcejtdnbio,.     Omar      im       ©egentfyeil  war 

•to  on  him  continually.      Omar    *in  on  the    contrary     *was  had 

gercefen  unajucflicf;,  feincr  r-on  feinen  wkn  2Serfutf)en  roar 

been     unfortunate,  none      of       his       many     attempts      *was 

gelunom     tfym;     cc  Urn  jefet  <jan$  arm,  fafr     ofyne 

had  succeeded  *to  *him ;  he  came  now  quite  poor,  almost  without 

^(eibec  naif)  SBaflbab,  fyorte  r>en  feinem  35ruber  unb  ajna, 

clothes      to       Bagdad,    heard    of         his       brother    and    went 

ju  ifym,     urn      ju  fucfyen         £u(fe  uon  tym.     SDtacfomub  2010 

to    him,   in  order    to  *search  ask    help      of    him.        Machmud 

freutc      fid)     n>ieber$ufef;en  feinen  2>rubet>  after  fjefia^te 

'  rejoiced  *himself   to  see  again         his       brother,    but     lamented 

feine  SCrmutl).     2>a  er  mar  fefyr    autmutfyia,    unb    meicb, 

his      poverty.         As    he   was    very   good-natured   and       mild, 

er  a,ab    ifym     focjteuf)    eine  ^umme  au§  feiner  £anb(un<v 

he  gave  to  him  immediately    a         sum       out  of     his      commerce, 

unb  ein?rtif)tete   bason    einen  Saben  and)       ifym.       Omar 

and       set  up      therewith     a       shop    also  *to  for  him.      Omar 

ansfing  $u  fyanbeln  mit    <geibenmaaren    unb  ^vfeibern  fur  2015 

began     to      trade      with         silk    wares         and      dresses      for 

$rauen,  unb  ba$  (gititffal     fcfyten    ifym      gunfriger      in 

women,    and  *the         fate        appeared  to  him  more  favorable  in 

23ao,bab ;  fein  Q5ruber  fyatte  gefitenft   ifym  tie  ©ummc 

Bagdad ;    his    brother  had  presented  *to  him  (with)  the      sum 

@e(b,   unb  er  tyattt    bafyer    niif)t    nhttyQ, 

(of)  money,   and  he    had    therefore   *not  ^necessary  no  occasion, 


118  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

§u  dnajfrflen    fid)         roe$en       ber  SOSieber&ejaljluwj.     3n 

to       vex  himself  on  account  of  the  repayment  In 

alien    Unternebmurujen    er    roar    unbefonnener     aI6     fein  2020 

all  enterprizes  he     was      more  intrepid       than      his 

35rubei>  unb  eOen   besroeam  $lucfud)er. 

brother,     and  *even   ^therefore  for  that  reason  more  fortunate. 

Sftacfymub    l;atte    nun   gerodfylt  fid)    erne  ©attin, 

Machmud      had       now      chosen    (for)    himself    a     consort, 

tie   notljigte    ihn  $u  mancfyem  2Cufroanbef    ben    &i$  babin 

who  compelled  him  to     many  an         expense,     which   till     then 

er  batte  ntd)t  a,emad)t ;  er     mufete       aufnefymen  ^ummen 

he    had     not       made ;      he  was  obliged  to     take  up  sums 

t)on        femen  SBefcmntefy      urn     ju  &e^al)(en  <2d)ulben.  2025 

*of  from     his      acquaintances,  in  order  to       pay  debts. 

5(nbere  ©elber   bie   er  hattt  erwartet   6lte6en    aue. 

Otlier     monies  which  he    had     expected  *remained  *out  did  not 

<gein   (Srebit    fanf,   unb    er   war   nafye      bcr 

come  in.         His      credit     sunk,     and    he    was      near  *of  *the 

93er$roeijUma,r  att    er  erfytelt  tit  9?ad)rid)t  bag  eine6  *>on 

to  despair,      when  he  received  the       news        that    one       of 

feinen    ©d)iffen    fei         untero,ea,ana,enf    ofyne    t>af3  man 

his  ships        *was  had  sunk,  without   that     one 

fydtte  fonnen  utttn  ba$  ©erinajk :   \iU  ein  2030 

had      *be       been   able   (to)    save      the        least :  now      a 

@5Iduuio,er     melbete      fid),     ber    ucrtangte    brincjenb    bie 

creditor        announced  himself,    who       asked         urgingly      the 

33ejal)funa,   feiner    @d)ufb«     Qftacfymub   eiiufa!;   bafc   fein 

payment       of  his         debt.  Machmud        saw        that     his 

ganjcS    nod)     ft&ria,e§     QMitcf        l)dna,e  an     biefer 

whole       yet     remaining   fortune    was   dependant      upon      this 

95e$al)(unfl,f   er   &efd)fofj     atfo      ju   tubmen  feine  3ufTud;t 

payment,        he    resolved  therefore   to        take         his       refuge 

$u   feinem  QSniber.     £r     eftte     ju   ibm,  unb    fanb   il)n  2035 

to        his         brother.       He  hastened  to     him,     and     found   him 

fehr  t>erbnif,tid>   mil  er  gerabe  batte  erlitten  einen 

*very  much    chagrined,   because  he    just       had     suffered      a 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  119 

fteinen   SSertufr. — Q3rttber,  Qftrtchmub  6ea,ann,  id)   fomme 

little  loss.     —     Brother,     Machmud       began,      I       come 

ju  bir  mit  einer  %>ittt  in  ber  dufferften    QSertegenfyeit. 

to  thee  with     a     request  in   the    extremest    embarrassment. 

Omar.  —  €ie       fcetrifft  ? 

Omar.     —  *She    it  concerns  ? 

9Rad?muk  —  Sftem   €d)iff   ifi   gefcfyeifcrt>   atte  2040 

Machmud.    —      My        ship       is      wrecked,        all      (my) 

@ldu6iger  brdn$en  mid)  unb  rooflen  rotffen  »on  fetnem 

creditors        press       me     and      will      *know  admit    of       no 

5(ufftf)utv    metn   gan$e§   @(ucf    af^han^t  t>en  biefem 

delay,  my       whole     fortune     depends      *of   upon      this 

%ao>?,   leifye    mtr   nur    auf  ftir^e  3eit   jefyntiiufenb 

day,       lend  to  me  only  *upon  for  (a)    short    time  ten  thousand 

3erf)tnen. 

zechins. 

Omar.  —  Sefyntaufenb    3?d)inen?       £>u     wrfpridbjl    2045 

Omar.    —  Ten  thousand     zechins  ?         *Thou  *misspeakest 

bier;     bod)   nid)t>  Q?ruber? 

♦thyself  *yet     *not      Do  you  not  make  a  mistake,  brother  ? 

93?ad)mub.  —  *ftein,    Omar,    id)    fenne    bic    vgumme 

Machmud.    —     No,         Omar,       I       know    the        sum 

retf)t    <mrf  tit     id)  forbere,  unb   nur  gerabe  fo  vi<U 

quite   *good  well,  which    I       ask,        and    only  exactly  so  much, 

nid)t   einc   3e<$ine    merti^cr^   fann   retten    mid)    r>on    ber 

not      one      zechin         less,  can        save        me      from    the 

ftytmpfucfytfen  %xm\x%  2050 

most  degrading    poverty. 

Omar.  —  S^jntaufenb  Secfymen? 

Omar.    —   Ten  thousand     zechins  ? 

9JJad)mub, — (55te6    fie    mir,   Q5ruber,  tcf>  roitt  anroenben 

Machmud.    —  Give  them  to  me,  brother,    I    will   *employ 

%M  wieberjuerfratten     fie         bir     in 

*all      do    my  best  to  repay  them      to  thee  in    (a) 

^ur^erm 

short      (time.) 


120  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 

Omar.  —  2Ber  l^atte  ftc !  €d)ulben   ftnb  2055 

Omar.    —  *Who   *had  *her    if  I  had  it !  debts         *are 

rtu?(jeb(ie6cn  mit>   —  id)    weij;    nid)t 

•remained  *out  have  not  come  in    to  me,  —     I      know       not 

felOjr,   toa$  id)  fell  anfano,en,  —  man  hat  nod; 

myself,    what    I    shall      begin,       —    *one   they  *has  have   yet 

heute   erft   Oetroom  mid)     urn         hunbert  .3«binen. 

to-day  *only   cheated      me     *about  of    hundred     zechins. 

93£ad)mub. —  £>ein  (Srebit  wirb    fonnen        wrfcfyaffen 

Machmud.    —  Thy     credit     will     be  able   (to)       obtain 

bicfe  Cumme       mir.  2060 

this        sum       *to  for  me. 

Omar.  —  2(0er  SWemanb  will   nun    ausfeifyen   ©e(b, 

Omar.    —    But      nobody       will     now     lend  out     money, 

SKijstrauen  »on       alien  ©eitenj  nid)t  id;  Oin  mif,trauifd> 

distrust     *from  on     all       sides ;       not      I      am     distrustful, 

ta§  ber  Jpimmel  roei  jj !  —  %bit  3ebermann  ruurbe  t>ermutl;ett 

that  *the  heaven  knows !  —    But      every  one  would       guess, 

bafe    id)  perianal    ba$    @elb    fur    bid>    unb    bu      roeijjt 

that      I  ask  the    money     for    thee,     and    thou    knowest 

felujt         am        fcefren,     an        wie     fd)road)en    ftaben  2065 

thyself       *on   *the      best,      *on   by   how         weak  threads 

oft   ba&  3utrauen  hana>  baj?    man         hat 

often  the   confidence  *hangs  is  connected,  which   *one  they  *has 

$u  einem  ivaufmann. 

have  to       a  merchant. 

SDtacftmub. —  2ie6ec   Omar,  id)  muf?   ^efret^cn      bir, 

Machmud.   —   Dear        Omar,     I     must      confess      to  thee 

id)  hatte  nid)t  wrmuthet    t>on    btr     biefc  Q3ebenflid)feiten. 

I      had       not       expected      from  thee    these  scruples. 

3d)  rctirbe  nid)t  laffen  mid)   finben  fo  2070 

I      would     not       *let     suffer    myself    *find    to  be  found    so 

ara,tt?olmifd)  unb  faumfelia,  im  umatf'efyrten  $all. 

distrustful       and    hesitating    in   (the)         reverse          case. 

Omar.  —  2)a§    t>u   faajl:    je|t.     %d)   bin  and)   aar 

Omar.    —  That  thou  sayest  now.        I        am    also   *quite 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  121 

nid)t  ararocfynifd)  —  id)   rcottte,  id)    fonnte 

not     (in  the  least)       distrustful      —     I       would,     I       could 

fyetfen  bir:      @ott   ijt   mein   Seuge,  bag  e§  nmrbe 

*help  assist  *to  thee :     God     is       my     witness,  that    it    would 

freuen  mid).  2075 

gladden    me. 

93tad)mub.  —  £>u    fannft         t§?  roenn    tu    nur 

Machrnud.      —  Thou      canst     (do)     it,         if      thou    only 
art  willing-. 

Omar,  —  2£tte§,  roa§  idf>  6efi|e  raurbe  nid)t  nod) 

Omar.    —    Ail,     *what  that    I    possess    would      not     yet 

tjoflmacfyen  tie  wttangti  <2umme. 

make  up     the     required        sum. 

Sftacbmub. —  O  SpimmtV.  id)   fyatte   gemadjt     mir     2080 

Machrnud.    —    O      heaven!       I       had        made     ,*to  *me 

einen  SSorrourf    baraufv  tag  mein  Q5ruber 

myself     a        reproach    *thereout    thereof,     that     my      brother 

roar  nid)t  ber  <5rfrc   6ei     bem    id)   fiutte   Jpulfe,  —  unb 

was      not    the     first      of     whom     I     sought      help,    —    and 

roabrtid)  e§   fdimerjt   mid);    bag   id)   bin   aefalfen     $ur 

truly         it      pains  me,      that      I     *am     *fallen    *to  *the 

2aft  ifym      and)    nur  mit    einem 

♦weight  have  molested   *to  him    *also    *only  even  with      one 

SBorte.  2085 

word. 

Omar.  —  £>u    trtrft     Oofe,     ba§    bu    foffteft  nicfyr, 

Omar.    —  Thou  becomest  angry,     that  thou   shouldst    not, 

term    tn  fyaft  Unred)t. 

for     thou*hast  art  (in  the)  wrong. 

SDtacfymub.  —  Unred)t  ?  —  $3er    t>on    un$    6eiben 

Machrnud.    —    Wrong  ?    —  Who       of       us       *both    two 

tl)ut  nid)t  feme  ^flidjt  ?  —  %d),   Q3ruberf    id)   fenne  bid) 

does     not      his       duty  ?     —  Alas,     brother,      I     *know  *thee 

n\d)t  roieber.  2090 

*notJ  *again    I  do  not  recognize  thee. 

L 


122  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

Omar.  —  3d)  fya&e  erft       fyeute  eina,ebuf3t      fyunbert 

Omar.    —     I      have  *only  but  to-day        lost         (a)  hundred 

Secbinertf    breifyunbert    anbere  aud)  frefyen         mir     nid)t 

zeehins,     three  hundred    others     also     *stand  are  *to  *me    not 

o,ar  ftd)er/  unb  id)  mufs  mad)en    mid)    $efafct 

quite    safe,     and     I     must    *make   *myself  *ready  be  prepared 

auf  ibren    QSermfr.  —  £>u      wdrejl 

*upon     for     their         loss.   —  (If)    thou  *wert      hadst 

gefommen  $u  mtr   in   bcr   r>orio,en  SOBodbe/   o —  jaf    ba   2095 

come        to     me     in     the        last         week,      o  —  yes,  then 

fyer^id)  o,ern.  — 

*heartily  very  willingly.  — 

9ftad)mub.  —  Soil   id)   benn         erinnem    tld)    an 

Machmud.     —    Shall     I     *then  now     remind      thee     of 

unfere  efyemaliije  $reunbfd)aft  ?     2(d)  rote    tief   farm  ba$ 

our         former  friendship  ?  Alas  how  deeply  can     *the 

Urtfltud:    erniebricjen  uno! 

misfortune      degrade        us ! 

Omar.  —  £>u    fprid)ft    ta      auf        cine       %vt,     3000 

Omar.    —    Thou  speakest  there  *upon    in      a         manner, 

SBruber,    bie     faft    follre  fcetetbigm  mid). 

brother,   which  almost  should    offend        me. 

Sftacfymub.  —  Q3e(eibia,en  bid;  ?  — 

Machmud.    —      Offend        thee  ?  — 

Omar.  —  2Benn  man  rl)ut        afle§  moaftcfy/ 

Omar.    —       If        one    *does  uses   all      possible    (means), 

wenn  man  teibet  fe(6]t    unb  mufc  furd)tcn  ju  r-erlieren  nod) 

if      one    suffers  himself  and  must       fear       to       lose  yet 

mel)r; — foil  man  nid)t   t>a  werben  gefrdnft; — rr-enn  3005 

more ;  —  *shall  may  one      not    then       be  vexed ;  —        if 

man  empfdngt  $urud  fur  feinen  cmten  SGBitten   nid)t$   ate 

one      receives       back     for      his        good       will       nothing  *as 

bittern  Sport/  tiefe  23erad)tuno,  ? 

but    bitter      scorn,     deep     contempt? 

93iad)mub. — 3^   mtr   beinen  cmten  SOBillen  unb   tu 

Machmud.   —  Show  *to  *me   thy      good      will       and    thou 

foUjr  empfamjen  meinen  rcdrmffen  2>anr\ 

shalt     receive  my         warmest     thanks. 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  123 

Omar.  —  3rr>eif(e   nid)t        larujer  baran,  obetr    tu    3010 

Omar.      —       Doubt      *not    no    longer   thereon,     or      thou 

firing   auf  mid) ;  id)  bleifce  fait  lange, 

*bringest  *up  provokest   me ;       I    remain  cold  (for  a)  long  (time), 

id)  farm  ertraam  wl,  after  roerm  mart  frdnft  mid)  auf 

I     can        bear      much,  but        if        one      vexes    me  *upon  in 

fold)e       au§gefud)te  SCrt.  — 

such  (a)     *selected       refined    manner.  — 

9)?ad)mub.  —  3d)  merfe  e$  rcc^t  $ut,  Omar,  tag   bu 

Machmud.   —      I   observe  it    right  well,    Omar,     that  thou 

fpielft    ten    3Meibia,ten,      urn      §u   fyafcen    einen    fcefferrt  3015 

playest     the       offended,        in  order    to      have         a  better 

SSorwanb  $u  6red)ert  roflia,  mit  mir. 

pretext       to     break     *fully  entirely  with  me. 

Omar.  —  £>u   vtmrbeft  ntct)t  fommen         auf  biefert 

Omar.    —    Thou   wouldst     not       *corne    hit     upon    this 

©ebartfert,  roenn   tu   hdtteft  nid)t  ertappt    bid)    auf  fo(d)ert 

thought,         if       thou    hadst     not     caught  thyself  upon     such 

ffleinigfeiteru    93?an  ara,rr)cl)rtt  am     ieid)tefrert    bie  Safrer 

triflings.  One       suspects      the    most   easily     the    vices 

t)crt      2Crtberrt,  mit  benert  man  fetoft  if!  am  meifren  3020 

*of  in   others,     with  which    *one  one's    self     is  *the    most 

uertraut. 

familiar. 

93tad)mub.  —  *ftein,    Omar,       wett  bod)    hu 

Machmud.     —       No,        Omar,      *because     as      yet     thou 

aufforberft  mid)    $um    ^rafylert    burd)    biefe    (Spradje,    id) 

challengest     me     to  *the    boasting       by        this      language,      I 

fyartbelte  nid)t  fo   a,eam    bid>  a(§  tu   eirt  unbefarmter 

acted       not     so  towards  thee,   *as  when  thou    an     unknown 

^remblino,  fcimjt  nad)  Q5aa,bab.  3025 

stranger      earnest    to       Bagdad. 

Omar.    —    9Kfo      t>u      ttertanajt     je|t     t>on     mir 

Omar.       —      Then     tbou        askest  now      from       me 

jefyrtraufenb  fur  bie  funflnmbert  3ed)irten,    bie     bu   bamaB 

ten  thousand  for  the  five  hundred    zechins,    which  thou      then 

ga6efr    mir  ? 

gavest    to  me  ? 


124  INTRODUCTION   TO    THE    STUDY 

SWatfjmub.  —         3d)  l;atte        t>ermod)t  e3,  id) 

Machmud.    —    (If)     I       had     been  able  to  afford    it,      I 

fyatte      a,ea,e6en   bir       bamal§     mebr.  3030 

would  have    given    to  thee  at  that  time    more. 

Omar.  —  $reitid>  wenn    bu    t>erlangft  e?v   id)   mujj 

Omar.    —    Indeed,        if       thou    requirest      it,      I      must 

ge&en  $uru<f    bir     tie  funffyunbert  3«tl)inertr  o&ajeid)    bu 

give      back    to  thee  the    five  hundred      zechins,     although  thou 

fcmnfl  nid)t  erroetfen  e5  cjertchttid^ 

canst      not       prove        it       at  law. 

SDtacfomub.  —  2(d),  mein  Q3ruber! — 

Machmud.    —  Alas,    my      brother !  — 

Omar.  —  3^  wilt  fdjicfen    fie        bir.  —    (£rroarteft  3035 

Omar.    —     I      will      send     them    to  thee.  —     Expectest 

In  feine  Q3rtefe  t>on  ^erftert? 

thou    no      letters  from     Persia? 

93?ad)mub.  —  3d?  ernmrte  nicf>t§  mefyr. 

Machmud.    —     I       expect  nothing  more. 

Omar.  —   2(ufrid)tia,     Q5mber,     bu     fydtteft    folfeit 

Omar.      —      Sincerely         brother,      thou      *hadst       *shall 

einfd)ranfen  bid)      ttwa§    mefyr, 

*restrain         shouldst  have  restrained    thyself     a  little      more, 

nud)  nid)t  fyeiratfyert  vok  id)  ha&e  3040 

(thou  shouldst)  also     not       *marry    have  married    as     I     have 

nod)    immer   unterlaffen    e§    6i§     jtfyt;    a6er    bu    rcarft 

yet    *always        omitted        it    until     now ;      but    thou     wert 

»on  ^inbljeit  art  ein  wenig,  un&efcnnen.      Sag 

from  (thy)  childhood  *on    a      little      thoughtless.        *Let    may 

la$  bicnen   bir       jur  SBamung. 

this    serve  to  thee  *to  *the  as  a      warning. 

9)tad)mub.  —    £>u     fyattejl  ein  9ved)t  §u  uerweigem 

Machmud.      —     Thou      hadst       a      right      to         deny 

mir    bie  t>erfono,te  ©efdttigfeit;  after  nid)t  ta^u    $u  3045 

to  me    the   requested         favor,  but     *not  none   *thereto   to 

mad)en   mir     fo    bitrere  23orrourfe. 

make    to  me  such    bitter    reproaches. 

9D*ad)mub  serliefj  feinen  unbartfOaren   Q3ruber   mit 

Machmud        left        his        ungrateful        brother    with  (a) 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  125 

tiefa,erut)rtem  fyv$tru      €o     bctm    e§    tfi     roafyr,    bajj 

deeply  moved       heart.  *So       then       it       is       true,        that 

@eromnfiuf)t      nur  ift  tie  <See(e     be§     S)^cnfctjcn !  — 

greediness  of  gain     only   is    the     soul     of  *the         man !  — 

*flur   fie       fettjji       fmb    it;r  erjftr  unb  tester  ©ebanfe.  3050 

Only  they    themselves     are    their    first       and     last      thought. 

$ur   ©e(b     fie    ucrfaufen      £reue       unb    Siefce,    floffen 

For   money    they  sell  faithfulness     and      love,       *push 

m§  »on      fid)      bie    fcbonfkn    ©efutyle,    urn  jit 

*away   reject  from  themselves  tlie  most  beautiful  feelings,  in  order  to 

fcefifeen  ba$  nid)tsn>urbuje  Sfftetafl,   ba§  fcttet  un§  an  biefe 

possess     the       wretched  metal,    which  chains    us     to   this 

fd)mu|io,e  (£rbe  mft  fd)dnb(id)cn  fteffeln !   £tgemtu$  ift  tk 

dirty         earth  with      shameful      fetters!     Self-interest  is    the 

ivlippe,    an     ber     jiU     $-reunbfd)aft    $erfd)ettt>  —  tk  3055 

cliff,          on    which   every        friendship  dashes,       —  *the 

9)ienfd)en    fmb    ein    »crroorfene§    @efd)ted)t!      3d)    l)a6e 

men  are       a         reprobate  race !  I       have 

gefannt  feine  Jreunbe,  feinen  Q3ruber,  nur  mit  ^aufleutm 

known       no      friends,        no      brother,   only  with     merchants 

id)  fcin        uma,eo,ana,en.     3d)   $l)or,   baf$  id)  fprad)  $u 

I     *am  have       associated.  I        fool,      that    I      spoke    to 

t()nen  tton  £ie6e  unb  9)ienfd)lid)feit  I      $)lan     mujs 

them      of     love     and        humanity !  One       *must     may 

wed)feln  nur  ©etbjtucfe  mit  ifynen.  3060 

exchange   only        coins        with    them. 

(£r   macfyte   einen       Umwea,  efye     er   ajna,    nad) 

He     made  a        round-about-way  before  he    went  *after 

«£aufef  um       $u    (affen  feinen  <2d)mer$ 

*house  home,    in  order     to       *let     suffer      his  grief       (to) 

etfalten  ein  roenig.      £r   weinte    a(§    er  fab  ba$  to6enbe 

allay        a      little.         He     wept      when  he  saw   the    rushing 

9)*arfto,eroul)f/     roie   ^ebermann    war   kfcfydftiaj:  Qkid) 

crowd  of  the  market,  how      every  one       was         busy  like 

ben    5(meifen>    einmtra^en  in       feine    bunfle  3065 

the  ants,  to  carry      (provisions)  *into  to     his        dark 

SBoljnungf    vok   Reiner    fummerte      fid)         um         ben 

dwelling,       how    no  one         cared        *himself    *about   for  the 
L  2 


126  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

WnUxnr  fll§  nur  roenn  er  jufammenhino,  mit  feinem 

other,       *as  *only     *if     unless  he    was  connected    with      his 

©eruinn,  alle  laufenb  turd)    einanber,    fo     empjinbungsloS 

gain,        all   running  through  each  other,  *so  as       unfeeling 

tuic  3at)len.  —  &v  ojna,     trofrIo§     twd)  Sjaufe. 

as     ciphers.  —  He  went  comfortless  *after  *house  home. 

&tin    <2cfymer$    wrmehrte     fid)     fyierj    er    fanb    bie  3070 

His  grief         increased    *itself    here;     he     found    the 

funf()unbert   3ed)inenf    tie    cr   l;atte   a,ea,efcen  ctnft  feincm 

five  hundred      zechins,    which  he     had       given      once    to  his 

Q3ruber  mit  bem  Defren  SBofylrooHen ;    fie    txmren  halt  cine 

brother  with    the      best      benevolence;     they    were     soon       a 

Q5eute    ber    fliirmenben  @5(du&io,er.     SCtteS  wa§  er     befafc 

booty  of  the      storming       creditors.  All      that  he  possessed 

roarb  effentlid)  t>erfauft ;  einee  fetner  Scbiffe  lief    in    ben 

was      publicly        sold ;  one     of  his      ships     ran    into     the 

^afen,  after  bie  Sabuna,  biente  nur,      um      $u  &e$at)(en  3075 

harbor,      but     the    freight     served  only,  *in  *order   to        pay 

atte  feine  <2d)ulben.     5(rm  rote  ber     Pettier  er  wrliejj  tit 

all      his         debts.  Poor    as    *the  a  beggar   he      left      the 

<2tabt   o!me   tJotuber^u^e^en  t>or    bem  Jpaufe  fetne§ 

city    without         *pass  passing  before  the    house    of  his 

tyartfjerjigen  QmtberS. 

hard-hearted    brother. 

(Seine    Qcittin,   tit      fceojeitete      ihn    in    fein    £*fenbf 

His       consort,   who    accompanied    him  into     his     misery, 

troftete   ifyn  unb     fucfyte     ju  §erjrreuen  feinen  Summer;  3080 

consoled   him  and   endeavored  to      disperse        his  grief; 

a6er        e§  ^elano,  tl>r       nur  wenio, }  ba$ 

*but  yet  *it  she  succeeded     *to  *her    *only    but     little ;      the 

5(nbenfen      feineS      Uno,futf§     roar    nod?    $u    frifd)   i\\ 

remembrance     of  his     misfortune       was      yet      too     fresh    in 

93?ad)mub§  @ebdd)tnif3,  er  fafy  nod)  immer    »or    fid)    bie 

Machmud's      memory,        he  saw    yet     always   before  him    the 

Sfyurme    ber    &tatt,   in    ber    fein    25ruber    Uhttf    ber 

steeples  of  the      city,      in  which    his       brother      lived,    who 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  127 

roar  $e61ie&en    Mt    unb    una,erul)rt    6ei  feinem  3085 

*was    had   remained     cold     and      unmoved       *at  with      his 

Unojiicf. 

misfortune. 

*Riemanb  frao,te  Omar  nad)  feinem  ^ruber,     urn 

Nobody    asked    Omar  *after  about      his      brother,  in  order 

nicfyt    §u    biirfen  fcemitleiben     il)n,    er 

not       to      *dared     have   occasion    (to)  pity  him,    he 

einsbilbete  fid)  tnelleid)t  eg  atle§  nod)  fonne 

imagined      *to    *himself    that      perhaps  *it     all      yet    *could 

fein  a,ca,ano,en  o,ur.      ^nbeffen  fein  (£rebit  aud)  3090 

might   *be   have   happened    well.       However     his     credit     too 

fjatte  bod)  aditten  burd)  feinen  Qxuber,  man  roarb 

had    *yet    suffered      by        his        brother,    *one     they   became 

mif3trauifd)er       a,eam      ifyn,     unb     mefyrere     ^auffeute 

more  distrustful    towards       him,       and        several         merchants 

t>ertrauten       ihm        nid)t      ifyre        @e(ber      mit       ber 

trusted        to    him        not        their  monies       with        that 

Seicbtiofaitf    rote    efyemalS.      £>a^u     Fam    nod), 

willingness,       as     formerly.       To  that  *eame     *yet  was  added, 

ba§    Omar     roarb     je|t    fehr     $ti$$,    unb    frofj     auf  3095 

that       Omar     became     now     very     stingy,     and    proud     upon 

fein  erroorfcenes  aSermogen,  fo  baj;  er  mad)te     ficf>     mU 

his       acquired         fortune,        so  that  he    made     himself  many 

$einbe,    bte    freuten       fid),       rcenn   er       litt      trgenb 

enemies,    who  rejoiced  *themselves,  when    he    suffered      any 

einen  @d)aben. 

*an       injury. 

(£§   fd)ien  ai$  roemt  ba$  93erI)dnonij$  rootte  ueftrafen 

It    seemed    as        if        *the  fate  would     punish 

feine  Unbanffcatfett  geam  feinen  $5ruberf  benn  tin  2Ser(uft  5000 

his        ingratitude      towards    his      brother,     for     one       loss 

folate    in        farmer  Stit  auf  ben   anbern.     Omar,   ber 

followed  in  (a)     short    time  *upon  the       other.  Omar,    who 

rcottte     gerne  roiebererfawjen 

♦would  *willingly  was   desirous        *get    *back      of  reobtaining 


128  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

fcfynett    ba$   Q3ertorne,  rt>a^tc     a,rof,ere    @ummetv 

quickly  the  lost         (money)  ventured     greater  sums, 

imb    biefe   aud)   ojnam  aerloren.      (£r   aufcfyorte   $u 

and     these    also      *went   were         lost.  He       ceased        to 

Oejafyten  ©elber,     bie     er   roar   fdjufoig,   bat   SDtijjtrauen  4005 

pay         monies,    which   he    was       owing,     *the         distrust 

gegert    ifyn   roarb    attgemein,    atfe    ©IduBt^er     melbeten 

against    him  became      general,         all        creditors       announced 

fid)      §u  ajeid)er  Beit,  Omar  fannte  *ftiemanb, 

themselves  *to  at  (the)     same      time,    Omar     knew       no  one, 

ber  wttrbe  hetfen  tym    au$    biefer   2Serleo,enl)eit ;   er    fat> 

who    would      help     him   out  of    this     embarrassment;  he    saw 

feinen  artbem  %u$m$    t?or      ftc^>     aB        in  ber  9lad)t 

no  other        way        before  him         *as  but  in  the     night 

ju    t>erlaflen    (;eim(ict)     bit     ©tabf>     imb    §u    perfucfyen,  4010 

to        leave  secretly       the         city,         and      to  try, 

06     ta§>  &{M  nmrbe  fein     g&nfK&e*      tfym    in  etner 

whether  *the  fortune  would     be    more  favorable  to  him  in      an 

onbern  @eo,enb. 

other       region. 

£>a§  Heine  S&erm&geit;  M$>    w  f?atte  fonnen 

The    little       fortune,       which   he    had       *can      been  able 

nefymen   nod)  mit     fid>     war  Oafb    uerjefyrt     (Seine 

to      take        yet    with   him  was   soon    consumed.         His 

Unrufye     nwd)§    in    e&en    bem    ©rate;    aB    fein    @e(b   4015 

disquiet    increased    in     *even    that     degree,      as      his    money 

otmafym;     er    fafy     entyeam  ber 

decreased;        he     saw      *against    himself    approaching    to  the 

brMenbften    2Crmutf>  —  unb    bod)    feinen    ^Cueroeo,   §u 

most  oppressive     poverty,     —  and       yet         no  way         to 

entftieben      ihr. 

escape      *to  *her  from  it. 

@o  er  war         geroanbert    6i£    an      bie    ^erfifc^e 

Thus  he  *was  had     travelled     *until  *on   to  the       Persian 

©ren^e.      (£r   fyatU    au§a,ea,efcn    nun   atteS   ©efb     hi$    4020 

boundary.      He      had        expended      now       all    money    *'until 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE,  129 

auf  brei    Heine    SDtu  njeiv    tit    flur 

*upon  with  the  exception  of  three     little         coins,      which  only 

nod)  o,erabe  f)inreid)ten,      urn      $u  6e$a$kn  ctix  2(6enbefjen 

*yet       just        sufficed,        in  order    to        pay         a        supper 

in    einer    (Sararoanferet ;   er   fuf)(te   £uno,er>    unb    ba   bit 

in        a  caravansary ;       he       felt       hunger,       and     as    the 

^onne     fcfyon     nnfina,     $u     neiom        ftd>  er 

sun         already     began        to        incline      *herself    himself,     he 

ettte       urn     $u  erreid)en  einen  3ufW)tscrt;  in  n>e(d)em  4025 

hastened  in  order    to      reach         a       place  of  refuge,  in     which 

er   fonne  fyer&erom  nod)  in  biefer   dladjt,  t>ietteid)t 

he  *could    might        lodge          yet    in     this       night,      perhaps 

in  bee  UkXtn. 

in  the       last. 

SBte  unoJucHid)  6in  id)l  fpratf)  er  ju  ftcf)  felfcff.    2£ie 

How  unfortunate   am     I !      spoke    he    to   him     self.       How 

ba§    <&d)icffa(   wrfoUjt   mid>   unb    forbert   mein    (£(enb, 

*the  fate         persecutes    me,       and      asks         my      misery, 

mld)t  fd)retf(id)e  2(uefid)t  eroffnet    ficf>       mir!     —   3d)  4030 

what       terrible        prospect      opens      itself     to  me !     —       I 

tt>erbe   muffen  le6en    r>on         ben   SUmofen 

shall       *must    be  compelled  to    live      *from  by   the  alms 

mitfeibifler    <See(en,  miiffen        ertragen    c§f 

of  pitiful         souls,      (I    shall)    be  compelled  to       bear  it, 

wnn     man    a&weift    mid)     fcerhofynenfc,  nid)t 

if  one        rejects       me  scornfully,       (I    shall)       not 

biirfen       murren,  wenn  ber  2>erfd)roenber  gefyt  r-orufcer 

be  allowed  to  murmur,   when    the      spendthrift  passes 

frerfv  ttmrbiflt  mid)    feineS   2(nu(icB  4035 

haughtily,  (when  he)     *deigns    *me     *of  *no    *regard  does  not 

unb  »erfd)leubert       fyunbert   @ofbjTucf-e 

deign  to  look  at  me  and    throws  away  (a)  hundred     gold-pieces 

fur    eine     elenbe     ©ptefcwi.  —  O  Vltmutl),    voit    fannjr 

for       a      miserable        sport.        —     O     poverty,      how     canst 

bn   erniebri(]en  ben  Sftenfiten  I  2£ie  unojeid)  unb  uno,ered)t 

thou      degrade     *the        man !       How  unequally  and     unjustly 


130  INTRODUCTION   TO   TIIE    STUDY 

cmstfyeift  ba$  QftM  feine       €d)a|e.      &$>  fd>uttct  feinen 

divides     *the  fortune  *his    its  treasures.        It      throws      *his 

cjartJjcn  9veid)tf)um  uber  ten  Safrerljaftenj  unb  4040 

its  whole       wealth      *over  upon  the        vicious         (one),     and 

l&jst    t>tn  Sucjenbfyaften       fter&en  £una,erS. 

suffers   the        virtuous         (to)       die      of  hunger. 

£>ie    $d\~m,    tie    Omar      u6erfHea/      mad)ten     ffen 

The       rocks,    which  Omar       surmounted,         made         him 

mube,    er    fe|te     fid)     auf    eine    Dvafcnerfyefyuna,    unb 

fatigued,    he   placed  himself  upon       a  hill  of  turf  and 

au§*ruf;te.       £>a     ein    Q5ett(er    fcfyfeppte      ficf>     r<oru6er 

rested.  Then       a       beggar       dragged    himself      along 

»or    ifym  unb   murmelte    etne   unt>erjHnb(id)e   33itte ;    er  4045 

before  him    and    murmured      an       unintelligible      request;    he 

war  jerlumpt  unb  aOc^efyrt,  fein   6rennenbee>    %iu§t 

was     ragged      and    emaciated,    his        burning         *eye      eyes 

ftonb  tief     im  3\opf  unb    feine   61eid)e 

*stood    were    lying  deep  in  *the  his    head     and      his       pale 

($tftatt  jerfdjnitt  ba$  ^erj  unb    jroano,   eS    §um 

form  *cut        touched    the    heart    and  compelled  it    to  *the 

SDtftleiben.     3>ie  2Cufmerffamfeit    Omar'S    tt)arb   ^elenft 

pity.  The         attention  of  Omar      was      directed 

auf    btefen  @5ea,enftanb    be$    SCfcfcfyeuefy    ber    murmelnb   4050 

upon      this  object      of  *the      disgust,       which  murmuring 

ausffretfte   feine  burre  ipanb   nad)  itym.    Qrr  fragte  nad) 

stretched  out     its      lean     hand  towards  him.      He   asked  *after 

bem  D?amen   be$  SBettlcr^  unb  6emerf'te  je|(>  ba£  biefer 

for    the      name    of  the    beggar,   and  observed    now,  that   this 

Una,ludtid)e  fei  aud)  tauO  unb  frumm. 

unfortunate    (man)  was   also     deaf    and     dumb. 

O  roie  unausfpmtytd)  ahidtid)  bin  id)!  er  au^rief, — 

O  how       unspeakably        happy      am     I !     he  exclaimed, — 

unb    id)     flage     nod)  ?     warum     faun  id)     nid)t  4055 

and       I      complain     yet?  why  *can    may     I         not 

arfceiten; — warum  ntd)t  errcer&en  meine  Q3ebttrfniffe  burd) 

work ;  —        why       not        obtain         my      necessaries      by 

ba$    SGBetf    meiner    Jpdnbe  ?      SfBte    a,erne    nmrbe    biefer 

the      work     of  my        hands  ?       How  willingly  would       this 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  131 

(£fenbe  taufcben  mit  mix  unb  preifen    firf>    Q(udfltcf> ! 

miserable  (one)  exchange  with  me    and     deem  himself     happy  ! 

3d)  bin  unbanf&ar   a/am    btn  Jpimmef. 

I     am     ungrateful    towards  *the    heaven. 

(£ranffen  Don  einem  plo&licfyen  -ERirtei&en  er    fyerror^oo,  40G0 

Seized       by         a  sudden  pity  he      drew  out 

bte  Ukttn  Si(6ermitnjen  au§   ber        $afd)e  unb  $a&    fie 

the      last        silver-coins      from  *the  his    pocket  and   gave  them 

bem   Settler,  ber  fortfe&te  feinen  ^ea,  nad)  einem  ftummen 

to  the    beggar,   who  continued    his       way  after       a  mute 

£>anr\  Omar    fitylte       ftcf> 

*thank     expression    of    gratitude.         Omar        felt         *himself 

nufferorbentlid)  Uidjt  unb  froI>    tit   ©ottfyeit 

*extraordinary  extremely  easy     and    gay,   *the      *Deity      God 

hatte  r-orgefyatten   ifym    gletdjfam    tin  Q3ilb,  voit     etenb     4065 

j  had         shown      to  him  in  a  manner    a   picture,  how  miserable 

bee  SDtenfd)  fonne  fein,     urn     $u  Oetefyren  i(m.     (*r  filiate 

*the      man      can       be,  in  order   to    instruct    him.      He     felt 

je|t    ^raft    in     fid)      $u    erbulben    bie    2(rmutl)     unb 

now    strength    in    himself     to        suffer        *the     poverty       and 

a6$urt>erfen  vtneber  burd)  feine  %$Siti$tiU    £r  mad)te  ^(dne 

to  throw  off    again       by      his       activity.         He    made     plans 

roie  er  roottte  erndfyren     fid£>     unb    nur    nnmfdrte    eine 

how  he    would     support      himself    and     only        wished        an 

©efeomfyeit  f)er6ei,     urn     ju  jeigen  roie    fleif&ifl    er  fonne  4070 

opportunity     near,   in  order     to    show  how  industrious  he  could 

fein.      9lad-)  feinem  eMen  93iitleiben    ge$cn    ben  QSettfety 

be.  After       his        noble  pity         towards    the     beggar, 

nad)  ber  $xti§thi$tit  mit    ber    er  fyatte  i)ina,ege&en    ifym 

after   the       liberality       with  which  he    had         given         to  him 

fein  flan^S  23ermoa,eiv  er  batte  eine  (£mpfinbm%  wit  6t0 

Lhis     whole        fortune,       he    had       a  feeling,  as     till 

bafyin  er  batte  nid)t  nod)  (jefrmnt  fte. 

then     he     had      not      yet      known      it. 

(Jin  {letter   $el§        franb         an      feiner  ^eite   unt  4075 

A      steep      rock    was  standing    *on  at    his        side       and 

Omar     Oejiiecj     iljn      mit       leid)tem  Qtvpn      urn      §u 

Omar     ascended  *him  it  with  (a)    light       heart      in  order  to 


132  INTRODUCTION   TO    THE    STUDY 

uOerfdwuen  tie  ©eamb,  bie    ber  Untercjan^   ber 

overlook       the    *rcgion    country,  which  the       setting      of  the 

Cenne    »erfd)onerte.      <£r    fal;    l;ier   $u       feinen    Stiffen 

sun        embellished.        He     saw   here    *to    at     his  feet 

a,e(ao,ert  bte      fcbene      2£elt   mit   ityren       frifd)en 

*encamped   lying  the     beautiful     world     with    *her    its      fresh 

(£6enen    unb    nnijefrdtifc^en     Qxnjen,     mit    ben    bunfeln  4080 

plains        and  majestic  mountains,  with     the        dark 

SBdlbern  imb  rotfyajdn^enben  ^tromeiv  bas^ofbene  9?e|  be$ 

forests        and     red-glittering      streams,      the  golden    net  of  the 

2(0enbrottys>  au?o,efpannt  liber  ^(le6    unb  er 

*evening-red  redness  at  sunset     extended      over      all ;     and    he 

finite     fid)     vote        ein  frurjT,  ber  6eherrfd)e  atfe§  biefeS, 

felt    *himself  *as  like    a    prince,    who  governed       all       this, 

unb      gebiete        tin     Q3ero,en,   2£d(bern  unb  Strcmen. 

and   commanded    *to  the  mountains,     forests       and      streams. 

Ctr      fajj         c6en  auf  ber     $elfenfpifee  4085 

He  was  sitting  *above  on     the     *rock-*point   top  of  the  rock 

tterfunfen         in    bem     Sinfcfyaiien      ber     <35eo,enb.       (£r 

*sunk       lost  in      the     contemplation    of  the    country.  He 

Oefd)(ojs  a6^un)arten  hier         ben  2Iufa,ana,   be§  5)?onbe6  unb 

resolved       to  wait      here  (for)  the     rising     of  the      moon    and 

fortytfefcenfeine  9teife.    5>a$  2(6enbrcth  r-erfanr5 

to  continue   his    journey.   The  redness  of  the  setting  sun  sunk  down 

unb  £>dmmeruna,    fiel    nieber    au$    ben  SOSoIfen/  fcalb  tit 

and  dusk  fell     down  out  of    the      clouds,     soon   the 

finfrre  9?ad)t    folate      ibr. —         3>ie  Sterne  flimmerten  4090 

dark       night    followed  *to  *her   it.  —  The       stars        glittered 

am    bunfelblauen    ©ercclbe,    unb    bie    (£rbe    ruhte    unb 

on  the      dark-blue  vault,         and     the    earth    rested     and 

fdjroieo,     in    einer    feierlid;en    Grille,      Omar    fal)    mit 

was  silent    in        a  solemn        silence.         Omar  looked  with 

flarren   2(ua,en   hinein    in    bie   ftnfrere   9lad)t,  unb   fein 

staring      eyes        *into     into    the       dark        night,      and     his 

%u$t      serlor    fid)  fcfyroinbelnb  in  tit  unenblicfye 

*eye  eyes  lost   *itself  themselves     giddily        in  the     infinite 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  133 

Srtfyt     ber    Sterne,  er  an;6etete  tie  Sftajefrat  ®otte3  unb  4095 

number  of  the     stars,       he     adored     the     majesty    of  God    and 

ftiblte  fyet'%  Scjbauer  ^tetjen  turd)    feme 

felt      holy    *shiverings  emotions  *draw  pervading  *through    his 

Seele. 

soul. 

2>a    e§  roar  aB  roenn  ein   Sidjtffraljt    ert)c6e 

Then    it  *vvas  seemed   as        if        a     ray  of  light    elevated 

fid)  am     fernen   £ori$onf>    olaulembtenb 

*himself  itself  on  the  distant      horizon,       *blue-shinhig    with  a 

er      empor^ccj  unb    ndfyerte      fid>  rote        5000 

blue  light  *he  it      arose         and  approached  *himself  itself  *as  like 

tin   gfdn$enbe$    $euer    tern    SDiittelpunfte    te§    £imme(j>. 

a       glittering         fire      to  the         centre  of  the     heaven. 

£>ie  Sterne   traten    $uritct  mit       6(eid)erm  2id)t 

The     stars     *stepped     *back     receded   with   (a)     paler        light 

unb  rote        ein  2Bieterfd)ein  teS    £)iora,en$   e§  flimmerte 

and    *as  like     a       reflection      of  the   morning      *it    *sparkled 

turd)     btn    tjan^en    £immel    unb 

a  sparkling  light  passed    through     the       whole       heaven       and 

recmete  tyerafc  in  ^arten  rottytdmmernten  Straiten. — Omar  5005 

rained     down  in  delicate  reddish  rays.  —         Omar 

erfraunte      u6er      tie  rounter6are  £rfd)einuna,  unb 

was  astonished  *over  at  the     wonderful      phenomenon    and  (was) 

ero,ofete      fid)     an  tern    fd)onen   unb  felrfamen  2id)t:  tie 

delighted  *himself  at     the     beautiful   and      strange      light :    the 

2£d(ber  unt     Q5era,e     umfyer  funfelten,  tie  fernen  3£o(fen 

forests      and  mountains  around     sparkled,    the    distant    clouds 

fd)mammen     in        6taf[em    ^urpurf    roie    ein    goIteneS 

were  swimming    in  (a)       pale         purple,       like      a        golden 

©e^elt    ter    €d)ein    roolfcte     fid)     jufammen  5010 

tent       the      lustre     *vaulted   *itself      *together    formed  vaults 

u6er  Omar. 

over     Omar. 

Set  a,ea,ruf3r    mir,  £tter,    9Qiir(eitia,er, 

*Be    *saluted  *to  *me    hail   to   thee,  noble,    compasssionate, 

M 


184:  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 

^uombfyafter,  eine    fuffe   Ctimme    rief    fyerafc   t>on 

virtuous  (man),       a      sweet        voice      called  down    from 

often,    tu    er&armft    tidy-      be6    (£lenb3  unb  ber  iperr  fiefyt 

above,  thou      pitiest  *thyself  *of  *the  misery   and  the  Lord  looks 

fyerafc  auf  btcf>  mit  SBo^gefattcru  5015 

down  upon  thee  with         delight. 

2Gie     glotetttone      tie    2Binbe    ber    9^ad?t   fdufelten 

Like  tones  of  a  flute     the     winds    of  the     night      whistled 

urn     Omar,   feinc   Q5ruft     fyo&       ficf>  fret;    unb 

around    Omar,       his      breast  ^raised  *herself  heaved  gay      and 

fcef'lemmt,  fetn  $lu<\t        wax  trunfen    r-om 

depressed,     his    *eye  eyes  *was  were  intoxicated  *from  with  the 

©fan$e,  fein  Ofyr  Don          ben  fyimmlifdjen  ^armonien 

splendor,    his   *ear  ears  *from  with  the     heavenly        harmonies 

unb    au§    bem  @5tan$e  eine  2id)ta,ej!a(t  fd)ritt  fyerr-or  unb  5020 

and    out  of  the     splendor    a    form  of  light  stepped    forth     and 

frellte    fid)  t>or    ben  Sntjucftenj  eS  roar  2(frae(, 

placed  *her  itself  before   the     enraptured    (one) ;  it  was  Asrael, 

ber  ojdn^enbe  £*no,el  ©otteS*  —  ^teiqe  mit  mir  auf  biefen 

the     shining      angel    of  God.  —  Ascend  with   me    upon  these 

rotfyen   (gtrafyten    in    bie  SDelmung    ber    <Se(ia,en,  rief 

red  rays  into    the     habitation  of  the     happy,    called 

tk   fuffe  ^timme,  benn  tu  fjaft  wrbient  e$       burd) 

the    sweet      voice,        for     thou  hast  deserved    it  on  account  of 

beinen  £bc(mutf),    §u    fdwuen    ba$    ^arabieg   mit   feinen  5025 

thy      generosity,      to      behold        the      paradise       with      its 

(gelujfeiten, 

blessedness. 

£en>  Omar  fprad)    ^itternb,    ate  ein  CterMicfyer,  rote 

Lord,    Omar     spoke    trembling,     as      a         mortal,         how 

foil  id)  fommen  §u  fotgen    bir?        93?ein  irbifd)er  £ei&  ift 

shall   I      be  able     to    follow  *to  thee  ?         My     earthly   body  is- 

nod)  nid)t  o,enommen  t)on  mir. 

not      yet  taken        from  me.  ' 

@ie&  beine  £anb  mir,  fprad)  tk  Sid)ta,eftalt. —  Omar  5030 

Give     thy      hand  to  me,   spoke    the  form  of  light.  —   Omar 

reid)te     fie       mit  fcefcenbem  (Jnt^udcn,  unb  fie  roanberten 

reached  *her  it  with  trembling      rapture,      and  they    wandered 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  135 

auf   ben  rotljen  €traf)(en,    turd)     tie   HBoffen    $roifd)en 

upon    the        red  rajs,         through    the      clouds      ^between 

ten  <gternen  fyinturd),  unt  tie  fuffen  %bnt  gingen 

amidst   the       stars         *through,    and  the    sweet    tones      went 

fyinrer  t!;ncn  unt  SKorgenrotfy  legte    fidr)  in 

behind  them    and  *morning-*red  morning-twilight  placed  itself  into 

ifyrenSBegunt      QMumentiifte       nnir$ten  tie  Shift.  5035 

,their  way  and  exhalations  of  flowers    *spiced    perfumed  the   air. 

spto6ticf>  e$    mart    Olafyt,  Omar  aufcfd)rie    laut,   unt 

Suddenly   it  became    night,     Omar      cried  oat    aloud,    and 

lag      in  tirfer  $injfcrm|j  unten    am   $uffe   te§  fkilen 

was  lying  in   thick      darkness      below  on  the    foot   of  the    steep 

$elfene  mit        $erfd)mettertem    2(rm.      £>er    9Q?ont    e&en 

rock    with  (a)  crushed  arm.         The      moon       just 

l;o6    fid)   fyerr-or  fyinter  einem  £uo,el  unt  roarf  tie  erften 

raised  itself     up       behind      a  hill      and  threw   the     first 

ungewiffen  (2tral;ten  in  ta§  ftelfentfyaf.  5040 

*uncertain  indistinct       rays        into  the  *rock-valley  surrounded 

O    id)    treimat    UwuYtd (id)er !  Omar 

with  rocks.        O       I        thrice  unhappy         (one) !      Omar 

au^rief      jammernt    laut,     al§     er    a,efammelt    n?ieter 

cried  out       lamenting     aloud,    when      he      *collected      *again 

feine  Q5eftnnuno,. —  Qattt         ter  £immel  nid)t 

reobtained     his     recollection.  —   *Had  was  *the     heaven      not 

genua,  an  meinem  (*(ente,    taf,  er 

*enough   satsified  *on  with      my         misery,    *that  since  *he    it 

fd)(eutert  mid)  in  einem  (ugnerifd)en  Sraume  con  ter  5045 

throws      me    *in  during     a  deceitful         dream    from  the 

<Spi$e   te§  $e(fen$,  ^erOrtdjt  meine  <55(teberr  tamit  id)  foil 

top      of  the    rock,        breaks       my        limbs,      that     I   *shall 

roerten     jum        9vau6e    tern   hunger?  —  33elol)rit 

may    become  *to  *the    a      prey     to  *the  hunger  ?    —  Rewards 

er        fo     taS    9)citleiten,     tas     id)     fyatte     mit    einem 

*he  it  thus    the  pity,  that       I  had      with         a 

(£(enten?  2£er  wax  jemalg  unajutflid)er  at§  id)? 

miserable  (one)  ?      Who    was      ever  unhappier     than    I  ? 

(£ine  ©eftalt  fdjfeppte   fie!)   miifyfam  t)eru6er,  5050 

A       form       dragged   itself   painfully      *over      along,  (in) 


136  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

tie    er  erfanrtte   fur  ben  Q3ettlerf    tern    er  fyatte  a,ea,e6en 

which  he  recognized  *for   the   beggar,  to  whom  he    had      given 

ben     Oveft     feineS    QSermcomS.        Omar     an^rief     iljn 

the  remainder  of  his         fortune.  Omar     called  to      him 

jammernt,  er    folic    rfyeilen    mit    il)m    tie    SBeWtljat 

lamenting,  (that)  he  might     divide     with    him     the  *well-*deed 

tie     er  empf,ma,en  t>on  iljm,  after  ter  ^riippel 

alms,  which  he  (had)      received     from  him,     but     the      cripple 

feucHe         roeiter  ojeid^ultio,  in  feinem  2£eo,e,  unt  Omar  5055 

•panted  crept  farther  indifferently  in       his         way,     and     Omar 

muf,te  nid)t     c&     er  I)a6e  nicbt  a,et)ert  ihn,  oter 

knew     not     whether  he    had      not      heard    him,     or    (whether) 

er  wrtfelle      fid)     nur,     urn     $u  tya6en  ein  9ied)t>  nid)t 

he    feigned   *himself  only,  in  order  to    have       a      right,       not 

$u  rummern  ftct>      urn    ifytu    Q3m  id)  nid)t  nun 

to      *care       trouble  himself    about  him.      Am     I      not     now 

etenter         al§    tiefer   23errr>orfene  ?      Omar     ftaa,te 

more  miserable  than    this  out-cast?  Omar  complained 

turd)    tie  %lad*)t.  —  2Ber  wirb  er&armen       ficf>    meiner,  5060 

through  the    night.    —  Who    will  commiserate  *himself  *of  me, 

ha  nun  attee  ijr  genommen       mitt      roa§  nod)  f onnte  troiren 

as  now  all    is         taken     *to  from  me,  which  yet    could   console 

mid)  ?      £r  feuf$te    tief   unt  feine  $Crme  fd)mer$ten   ibn, 

me  ?  He   sighed  deeply  and      his      arms       pained        him, 

trie  fltufyent  ft-euer  c§  fcrannte  in    ten          ©ebeinen,  unb 

like    glowing     fire       it    burned     in    *the    his       bones,        and 

jeter    ^ttyemjuo,     o,ab  ^ein    ihm.      (£r    ufcerle^te 

every      breathing     *gave  caused    pain    to  him.     He    considered 

fd)wei$ent  fein  €d)icffal,   unt    je|t    juerft   tad)te   roieter  5065 

silently        his         fate,  and     now      first    thought     again 

an      feinen  95ruter.  — 

*on  of    his       brother.     — 

Or     rco    bi]i    tu    (*belmutf)ia,er!  er    au^rief, 

O,    where    art    thou        generous  (one) !  he    exclaimed, 

tneUeid)t  ha%  €d)n>ertt   te§    SctesenodS  |;at 

perhaps     the       L  sword      of  the  *death-*angel  angel  of  death  has 

fd)on    cjetreffen   tid>   fca§    £lent    I;at  melleid)t    t>er$ehrt 

already        liit         thee,    *the    misery    has    perhaps    *consumed 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  137 

bid)  in  ber    brucfenbfren  2Crmutl>  unb    tu   fyafr  5070 

destroyed  thee  in   the  most  oppressive  poverty,      and   thou   hast 

$*jtud)t  beinem  armen  Q3ruber  in  bcr  $obe?jhinbe.  —  2(d> 

cursed     *to  thy    poor       brother    in  the  hour  of  death.  —  Alas, 

id)  \)dbi  eerbient  e$     urn  bid),  \&)    (eibe 

I     have  deserved    it    *about    on     account    of  thee,     I     suffer 

jefet    bie      Strafe       fur     meinen     Unbanf,     fur    meine 

now     the    punishment      for  ray        ingratitude,     for         my 

.fpartfyerjiaftit,  ber  £imme(  ift  ^eredbt ! — llnb  id) 

*hard-*heartedness  severity,  *the   heaven    is      just!     —  And    I 

fonnre  nod)  einf)erad)en  fo   frofy    unb  anrufen  @ett   $um    5075 

could      yet       walk  on       so  proudly,  and     call  to     God  *to  *the 

Seuom  meiner  $uo,enb? —  D  JptmmeU  wrgteti  bcm 

as  a    witness   of  my       virtue?   —    O     heaven!     forgive   to  the 

timber,  ber  unterreirft    fid)     beiner   3ud)tio,una,     efyne 

sinner,     who      subjects     himself  to  thy     punishment    without 

9J?urren. 

murmuring. 

Omar  wrier    fid)     in  triifcen  ©ebanfen,  er  ermnerte 

Omar       lost    himself  in      sad        thoughts,      he  recollected 

fidv     mit  rt)e(d)cr   Oruberliiten  £ie6e   SDtacfymufe    batte    5080 

*himself,   with      what        brotherly         love      Machmud       had 

aufoenemmen  il)n    bamalfy    al$  cr  rear     eerarmt 

received         him  at  that  time,  *as  when  he    was     impoverished 

$um       ertfenmale;  er    eorsrearf     ftdbf      bafj    er    fyatte 

*to  at  the      first  time ;     he    reproached  himself,    that     he      had 

imrerlaffen  th  $u  retten  \\)\\f  unb  atyu$a\)Un  feinen  £>anf 

omitted        it,    to    save      him,   and         to  pay  his     thanks 

ouf      biefe     %vt    a,ea,en  feinen  Q3ruber;  er  retinfd)te  ben 

*upon  in  this   manner  towards     his      brother ;     he  longed  for  *the 

$ob  ate    ba§   (£nbe  feiner     (Strafe     unb  feiner    Seiben.    5085 

death   as      the       end      of  his  punishment    and    of  his  sufferings. 

£>er  SDtonb   erleud)tete    bie   @eo,enb    fyetl,    unb  eine  Heine 

The     moon      illumined     the    country  clearly,  and      a      little 

(£araroane  Den   einiam  ^ameelen     509     fid) 

caravan         of       some         camels     *drew  *itself    went   along 

(anojam  buret)  bae  XfyaL    $>ie  2ic6e   §um    Sefcen  erread)te 

slowly    through  the  valley.     The  love  to  *the     life     awakened 
M2 


138  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

6ei  Omar,  er    amrief    bie  93oru0er^l)enbcn  urn 

in     Omar,    he  called  upon  the  passing  (people)*  about 

£ulfe  mit       H&g/ityt    Ctimme.   9J?an  U<\tt   il>n  5090 

for  help     with  (a)  complaining      voice.         *One   they     laid    him 

fcebutfam    auf    ein    Earned      urn      ju    iaffen  feine 

carefully     upon      a        camel    in  order     to       *let    cause     his 

SGBunben  t>er6inben  in   t>er   ndd)fi-en  <Stabtf 

wounds       *dress         to  be  dressed     in    the        next  city, 

bie     bie  CEararoane  erreicbte   mit       bem    2(n6rucfy    be§ 

which  the      caravan       reached  *with  at    the        break     of  *the 

$ao,e§.       <£er      ^aufmann      fel6ft       t>erpflea,te        ben 

day.  The  merchant        himself     took  care  of        the 

ilnohicfticfyen  unb    Omar    erfannte    in    ihm   feincn  5095 

unfortunate      (one)     and      Omar    recognized    in     him        his 

SBruber.      Seine    Q3efd)dmuna,    war     o!)ne     ©ren$en,  fo 

brother.  His      feeling  of  shame  was    without      limits,      *so 

roie        ba§  SDiitleiben  SDtacfymubs.   $>er  cine  33ruber    bat 

as  (was)  the        pity        of  Machmud.  *The  one     brother    asked 

urn    2Ser$eil)una,   unb  ber    anberc  tyatte  fcfyon    t>era,e&en; 

*about       pardon         and    the      other       had    already    forgiven ; 

Sfyrdnen  floffen  »on  bem  2(wjeftd)t  fceiber,  unb 

tears        *ran    were  running  from    the        faces       of  both,  and 

bie    rufyrenbfte    SBerfeljnuna,  roarb  $efeiert  $ttrifd)en  ifynen.   6000 

the  most  touching  reconciliation    was  celebrated  between    them. 

9J?acfymub    fyatte  geroanbt     fid)     nad)    Sfpa^an    nad) 

Machmud       had       turned    himself      to         Ispahan      after 

feiner   QSerarmung,   unb    ba    roar         fleroerben    fcefannt 

his     impoverishment,  and  there  *vvas  had     become     acquainted 

mit  einem  reidjen  alten  ^aufmann  ber  bait  fleroann    u'efc 

with      a  rich        old       merchant    who  soon  *gained  *dear 

ifyn  unb  unterftu^te  il)n  mit  feinem 

conceived  an  affection  for  him   and      assisted        him  with      his 

aSermccjen.    £>a$  QtiM  roar  gunfrig  bem  23ertrie&enen  unb  6005 

fortune.      *The    luck    was  favorable  to  the         exile  and 

cr  roteber*ertana,te  fein  t>erforne6  $ermca,en  in      furjer  3*it; 
he     reobtained  his         lost  fortune    in  (a)  short  time ; 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  139 

fern  alter  $BoI)(tbdter   ftarb>  unb  einsfefcte         ifyn    jum 

his      old        benefactor       died,     and    *put  *in  made  him  *to  *the 

(£r6en. 

his      heir. 

2(13    Omar  roar  ^et>ctttf  er    reifte    nut  feinem  Q3ruber 

When  Omar     was     healed,  he  travelled  with      his       brother 

nad)    3fpaf)an>     roo       btefer  einricfytete    erne     neue  6010 

to        Ispahan,     where    *this  *one    he     prepared  a        new 

£anMuna,     iljm. 

commerce    to  him. 

Omar  r-ermdljtte     fid)     unb  r>era,ajs    nie,    rote     t>fe( 

Omar       married     himself    and     forgot    never,   how     much 

SDattf  er  fei  fd)u(bia,       feinem  Q3ruber.     Q3ett>c  (efcten  yon 

thanks  he  was  owing     (to)    his       brother.         Both     lived    from 

biefer  %tit  in  ber  flrcjsten   £intrad)t   unb    roaren    fur    bte 

this    time   in    the  greatest        peace         and       were       for     the 

cjanje  <&taU  ein  93?ufftr    ber    bruberlid)en  5ie6e.  6015 

whole      city       a     pattern  of  *the     brotherly        love. 

Subroio,  %\tt 
Lewis    Tiek. 


©  a  §    @  6)  a  f ♦ 

THE  SHEEP. 

%ti   Jupiter    feierte    ba$  #ejr  feiner  93ermdfymna,f  unb 

When      Jove     celebrated  the   feast  of  his      marriage,       and 

atfe  Sfyiere   6rad)ten  @efd)enfe    ifym,    3uno   t>ermif3te   ta$ 

all     animals    brought      presents    to  him,    Juno        missed      the 

edjaf. 

sheep. 

2Bo     6tei6t  ba$  ©cfyif?  fraate  bie  ©ottitt.     SOBarum 

Where  remains  the    sheep  ?      asked    the  goddess.         Why 

uerfdumt  ba$  @d)af  $u  Orin^en  'un3   fein  roofylmeinenbeS  6020 

neglects      the    sheep      to      bring    to  us     its      well-meaning 

@efd)enf? 

present  ? 


140  INTRODUCTION   TO    THE    STUDY 

lint  ber  £unb  nahm  ba§  2Bort  unb  fprad; :     Swrne 

And  the     dog       took      the     word    and      said :     Be  *angry 

nicfytf  ©ettin !      3$   l;*iOe   gefefyen  bag  ed)af  nod) 

not     angry  goddess !  I       have       seen        the      sheep     yet 

fyeute;  ee  war  febr  6etru6t  unb  jammerte    faut 

to-day;    it    was    very  sorrowful  and   complained  loudly. 

Unb  waxum   jammerte    bag  @$af?  bie  ©ottin  fragte  6025 

And       why       complained    the      sheep?    the  goddess   asked 

fd)on   $erul)rt. 

already  touched. 

3d)  taijle,  fo    e§  fprad).     3d)  Ijafce  je|t  roeber 

I       poorest   (one),  thus    it    spoke.  I    have   now  neither 

SBolle  nod;  9)ii(d);  was  wet-be  id)  ftyenfen   bem  Jupiter? 

wool      nor       milk ;     what     shall      I       give      to  *the      Jove  ? 

(Sell  id)  atlein  erfd)einen    leer     vet    i()m?    Sie&et  id)  will 

Shall     I      alone      appear      empty  before  him  ?     Rather     I     will 

fyimjetyeiv  unb  bitten  ben  Qitttrif  bag  er     opfere      mid)  itym!  6030 

go,       and     beg    the  shepherd,  that  he  may  sacrifice  me   to  him ! 

3nbem       ber  SKaud)  be$  geopftrten  ©cfyafg,  ein  fuffer 

At  the  same  time  the  smoke  of  the  sacrificed     sheep,       a    sweet 

©erud)    bem    Supiter  brana,  burd)  bie  SGBctfen  mit 

odour   to  *the      Jove     *pressed  arose  through  the     clouds      with 

(Mere.     Unb  jefet  Suno      batte      geireint  tk  erfre 

(the)    prayer.        And   now    Juno  would  have      wept      the    first 

Xtyantf  warn  Xtyanm    6ene|ten     ein  imfrerfcucfyeS  2(uQe. 

tear,         if         tears      could  moisten  an        immortal  eye. 

Sefitng. 

Lessing. 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  141 


25er    lonb, 


3m  Often  erfyob  fid)  ber  Sftonb,  unb  fcfywamm,  rote  em  leicfyter 
Sftad)en,  in  bem  2£ieberfd)eine  be§  SlbenbrotfyS.  £>ie  ^inber 
jeigten  ilm  bem  SSater.  a  SSoit  fd)on  imb  §art  ijl  er,"  fagte 
SCUmin ;  "  fo  ftefyt  er  nid)t  immec  au$"  "  <Sr  ift  in  feiner  Mini* 
fyeit,"  erroteberte  ber  iBater.  "  SOtit  jebem  Sage  roirb  er  roadmen, 
unb  fein  5id)t  mirb  junefymen,  6i6  er  une>  bie  ganje  t>otte  &d)tibt 
jeigt.  SSietteidH  roerben  ilm  bieroeden  £S3o(fen  bebeden,  unb  ec 
roirb  fein  2lna,efid)t  wrljuUen.  9?ad)  einiger  3eit  roirb  er  roteber 
abnetymen,  unb  Reiner  roerben,  urn  tin  r-ollfommenes  $Mlb 
bee  menfd)(id)en  2eben§  $u  roerben."  "  3d)  t>erfret;e  nid)t> 
roa§  bu  meineiV  faflte  Sfyeobor.  "D  |a#"  fiel  VLilxvin  tin; 
"id)  roeijs,  roaS  bu  faam  roillft!  £)er  Sftenfd)  nimmt  ami)  5U 
unb  a6 ;  gldn^t  eine  Seitlana,  ti6er  ber  Qtrbe,  bann  t>erfd)roinbet 
er,  unb  roirb  im  ©rabe  tterborgen."  "Unb  lit  2Botfen,  bie  ben 
iOtonb  juroeilen  um!;ulten?"  fagte  ber  23ater.  "  ^>tefe§  roeijj  ic^ 
nid)t  ju  beuten."  "<B  finb  bie  Unfdlle,  bie  bem  SKenfdjen 
6ea,ea,nenr"  futyr  ber  SSater  fortj  "fein  £eben  ift  nod)  ajdn^enb, 
unb  Ijeiter  uber  bie  (£rbe  fyinroea^ejogen,  )tltO>  \)at  feine  truben  Sage 
gefyabt.  5(ber  an  bem  unfdjulbigen  unb  guten  3ftenfd)en  ^ietyen 
lit  2Botfen  Doriiber,  unb  bie  DCutye  feiner  ^eele  bleibt  ungeftorr. 
Unb  roenn  er  aud)  enblid)  »or  unfern  2(ugen  Derfcf>n>tabetf  fo  gefyt 
er  nid)t  ju  ©runbe,  fonbern  ftrafylt  in  einer  anbern  ©egenb  erotg 
bauernb,  unb  umjerdnberlid)." 

Ovicfyrer. 


SBUb  unb  3eid)en  ift  nx6)t  baZ  SBefen. 

dine    $  a  r  a  b  e  L 

%{$  9Xleranber  <pt)iu'ppu§  €of)n  ju  QSabufon  roar,  (iej?  er  t>on 
jebem  Sanbe,  la$  er  uberrounben,  einen  ^>riefter  fommen,  unb 
tjerfammelte  fie  aUefammt  in  feinem  ^allafte.  ©arauf  fefete  er 
fid)  auf  feinen  Sfyron,   unb   fragte  fie, — ee  roar  il;rer  aber  eine 


142  INTRODUCTION   TO    THE    STUDY 

o,rof,e  3ofyU — unb  er  fprad) :  "  2BcI)(an  faa,et  mit>  erfennet  unb 
t>erct;ret  ifyr  tin  l)ed)fres  unfidnbares  SBefen  ?"  2>a  t-erneia,ten 
fie  fid)  atl^umaf  unb  fpradjen :  «  ^a."  Unb  ber  ivonia,  fragte 
roeiter :  "  t»Jctt  tt>e(dj>cm  Oilmen  nennet  il;r  baffetbe  V  £>arauf 
antwcrtete  ber  Spriefrer  aus  Snbtcn :  "  2£ir  nennen  eg  33rama,  ba3 
fyeifet  bas  ©rofe ;"  ber  ^riefier  au$  ^erfien  :  u  SSBic  nennen  e§ 
OrmuS,  ba6  fyeifet  ba$  Ur(id)t ;  ber  ^defter  aue  3ubda :  //  3«l)coa 
$tbonai  ben  Jpernv  ber  ba  ifb  war,  unb  fein  wirb."  Unb  fo  fyatte 
jeber  ^priefter  ein  eigemS  SBort/  roomtt  er  ba$  l;6d^Te  SBefen 
benannte.  2>a  ergrimmte  ber  $onig  in  feinem  <£er$en,  unb  fprad): 
"  3t)i*  I;aOet  nur  einen  Jperrfjfyet  unb  ^onig,  &o  fcllt  i(;r  aud) 
fcrtan  nur  einen  ©ott  fyaben.  Seus  tfi  fein  9?ame."  <£a  rcurben  bit 
^riejler  fefyr  betriibt  ob  ber  9vebe  be$  $onig$f  unb  fpradjen :  "  Siftit 
bem  SSJorte;  ba$  wit  genannt  fyaben,  nennt  il;n  unfer  35 elf  t>cri 
3>ua,enb  auf,  2£ie  fcllen  wir  ba$  dnbern  ?"  £er  &entg  aber 
$urnte  nod)  mcl;r.  £>a  trat  ein  alter  2£eifer  mit  grauem  Jpaupte 
t>ct>  ein  93ramiit|  ber  ityn  nad)  SSabyfon  beajeitet  tyatte ;  biefer 
I)ub  an,  unb  fprad) :  u  2>er  ^onig  mein  Xperr  ertaube,  baf  id)  ^u 
ben  SSerfammelten  reben  moge."  3>arauf  roanbtc  er  fid)  ju  tin 
^riefternr  unb  fragtc :  "  £eud)tet  aud)  Ui  (hid)  ba$  l)imm(ifd)e 
©eftirn  be§  $age$/  tie  Oaielte  be$  irbifd;en  2t<fyt$  ?"  JDie  ^riefter 
wrmigten  fid)  altefammt;  unb  fprad)en :  "  3>a."  2>a  fragte  ber 
Suramin  fie  einen  nad)  bem  anbern :  a  2Bie  nennet  il)r  bajjeibe  ?" 
Unb  ein  jeajtd)er  nannte  ein  anberes  §Sert>  unb  eia,enen  Xiamen 
feines  SanbeS  unt  23etfe$.  3>a  fprad)  ber  Q5ramin  ju  bem  ^entg : 
"  Pollen  fie  nid)t  fcrtan  ba6  ©cjtirn  be?  S:age$  mit  a,(eid)em  5Borte 
nennen  ?  JpelioS  ijt  fein  D^ame."  25et  biefen  Shorten  roarb  ber 
^onig  »ott  ©d;aam  unb  fprad) :  "  ^ajfet  fie  einen  je(jlid)en  fein 
SfBott  gebraud)en.  3d)  fe(;e  wol;If  ba$  t>a$  IBilb  unb  3eic^en  nod) 
nid)t  ba6  2Befen  iji.M 

^rummacfyer. 


®  i  e  21*  b  b  e  r  1 1  e  n. 

(£$  mangclte  ben  9(bberiten  nie  an  \ri^itien  ©nfdttenj  aber  felten 
pajsten  il;re  SinfalU  auf  bie  ©ele^enfyeit,  roo  fie  an<jebrad;t  rourben. 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  143 

Cber  famen  erft,  wenn  tie  ©efegen!)ett  t>or6ei  war*  -Sie  fpracften  ml, 
aber  immer  ol)ne  fid)  einen  Slugenbtitf  ju  uebenfen,  rmS  fie  fagen 
wodten,  ober  wie  fie  eg  fagcn  wcllten.  £ie  naturtid)e  $olge  lu'e&on 
war,  tar,  )'w  fclten  ben  SJiunb  auftfyaten,  ebne  etwa*  2((&erne$  $u 
fagen.  Sum  Unwind  erfrrccfte  )id)  tie  fdi(imme  ©eroofynljeit  auf 
ityre  Jpanbhmgen,  tenn  gemeinigucl)  fcbteffon  fie  ben  Svafid)  erjff 
wenn  bet  95ogel  entftcgen  war.  £)ie6  jog  iljnen  ten  QSotnwtf  ter 
Unbefennenbeit  $u  5  after  tie  £tfat)tung  bewiee,  bag  e§  il;nen  nid)t 
feffet  ging,  wenn  fie  fid)  befannen.  SDtadtten  (ie  (weld)es  jiemlid) 
oft  begegncte,)  itgenb  einen  fefyr  bummen  <2ttetd>  fo  f'am  es  immer 
ta()cr,  weil  )U  es  gar  $u  gut  mad)en  written,  unb  wenn  fie  in  ten 
8tngelegenl)eiten  tyreS  gemetnen  3Befen$  wfyt  lange  unb  ernjr(id)e 
Q5eratb|\f)(agungen  bielten,  fe  fonnte  man  jtd)et  tarauf  red)nen, 
bag  (Ie  unlet  alien  mogudben  Sntfcfyu'efsungen  tie  fd)led)tejre  etgtei* 
fen  wiirten.  Ctinmal  pel  tynen  eiiv  bafj  eine  £tatt  \vk  2(btera, 
bitlig  aud)  einen  fdienen  33tunnen  baben  miiffe.  (£r  fotlte  in  tie 
Sftitte  tyres  grojjen  SftarftptafeS  gefefct  werten,  unt  jur  Q3eftreirung 
ter  Soften  wurte  eine  neue  SCujkge  gemacbt.  *2ie  liefDen  einen 
&eruljmten  Q3iltbauer  Don  '2(tf)cn  fcmmen,  urn  eine  ©ruppe  Don 
©tatiten  ju  rerfertigen,  we(vbe  ten  ©oil  be3  SBJeereS  auf  einem 
Don  wet  eeepferten  gejogenen  SBSageiti  mitftnmpben,  Sritonen,  unb 
2>e(pbinen  umgeben  t>orjreltte.  2>ie  ^eepferte  unt  3>etpl)inen  foil  ten 
eine  DJienge  Staffer  au6  ibrer  %1<\U  IjerOOffptifen.  %Ux  wie  alleS 
fertig  ftunt,  fant  (id)  taf,  faum  Staffer  genug  ta  war,  urn  tie 
9laft  cine§  einjigen  STelpljins  ju  befautten;  unt  ate  man  ta$ 
SBcrt5  fpie(en  iitfy  fal)  es>  nitfot  anberS  aufy  all  06  atle  tiefe  (See* 
pferte  unt  £e(pbine  ten  edmupfen  fatten.  Urn  nid)t  au§ge(adr)t 
gji  werten,  tiefcen  fie  affo  tie  gan$e  @ruppe  in  tyr  S^ugfyauo  brin* 
gen ;  unt  fo  oft  man  felcbe  einem  ftremten  n)te§#  betauerte  ter 
Sluffeljer  beg  Seugbaufes  fe()r  crnftyaft  im  5Wamen  ter  lo6ud)en 
^tatt  3C6bera,  ba|  tin  fo  l)err(id;ee  ^unftwcrf  au6  ^argl)eit  ter 
tRatux  unbraudibar  0(eiben  mu)Je. 

(5in  antevmal  erl)ante(ten  fie  eine  fefyr  fd)one  9Senu6  oon  Slfens! 
btin,  tie  man  unter  tie  93Zeijierftucfe  tee  sPrarite(e?  §dl;tte.  Cie  war 
ungcfd!>r  fiinf  %u§  \)odj,  unt  fotlte  auf  einen  %\tat  ter  2ie6e§gottin 
gefrettt  werten.  21(6  fie  angelangt  n>ar#  geriet^  gan(}  5(6tera  in 
fent^ucfen  uber  tie  £d)onl)eit  il)ver  3Senu^j  tenn  tie  5(bteriten 
gaben  fid)  fur  feine  Sumner,  unt  fd>warmerifd)e  2iebl)aber  ter 
Sfcunfte  M%*  €ie  ift  ^u  fd)onf  riefen  fie  einl;e(li(>  urn  aw  einem 
niebrtgen  ^Wa|e  ju  fre()en.  2in  ^ceiilevfrucf,  bas  ter  €tatt  fo 
Diele  §l;re  maty;  unt  fo  oiel  gefoftet  l;at,  fann  nid)t  ju  l;od)  aufge* 


144  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDV 

ftetlt  werben ;  fie  mujj  ba$  C^rfrc  fein>  fba'S  bem  ftremben  6ctm 
(Jintritt  in  2lbbera  in  tie  2(uam  fa  lit.  JDiefem  ajucflid)en  ©ebanfen 
jufolfle  jMlten  fie  tas  Heine  nietlicbe  33i(b  auf  einen  Obeli  &f  »on 
acht^it^  $u§;  unb  rouwoljl  e$  nun  unmeajid)  war,  $u  erfennen, 
tt>as  eS  DorjMen  foltte,  fo  notljigten  fie  bod)  alle  ftremben  ju  a,es 
jrefyen,  bajj  man  nidjte  Doltfommeners  fetyen  fonne. 

SOB  i  e  1  a  n  b. 


#u§  ©ot&e'S  Sgrnont. 

(Jamont. — £Bie  btwa,t  ticr>  fo  tief  ba§  £d)ict"fal  eineS  fremben 
2D?anne6  ? 

fterbinanb. — 9?id)t  frembl  £)u  6ijt  mir  nid)t  fremb.  <£ein 
Ulami  war'S,  ber  mir  a,teid)  einem  etern  bee  £immet§  ents 
a,ea,enleud)tete.  2Bie  oft  l;a6e  id)  nad)  bir  a,el)crd)t,  ^cfra^t ! 
£>e§  ^inbee  £offnun<}  ift  ber  3Ang(tn^  bes  3una,lina,$  ber  9iftann. 
(go  Oift  bu  »or  mir  l)era,efd)ritten  ;  immer  Dor,  unb  olme  9?eib  fa  I)  id) 
bid)  vor,  unb  fd)ritt  bir  nad>  unb  fort,  unb  fort.  (£nblid)  fyofft' 
id)  bid)  $u  fefyen,  unb  fal)  bid),  unb  mein  £er$  ffo^  bir  entgegen. 
<£){$)  fyatt'  id)  mir  fcefrimmt,  unb  rodfylte  bid)  auf's  *fteue,  ba  id) 
bid)  fat).  O^un  l)offt  id)  erjt  mit  bir  ju  fein,  rait  bir  §u  leben, 
bid)  $u  faffen,  bid).  $>ie6  ift  atleS  nun  roe<)a,efd)nitten,  unb  id)  fel;e 
bid)  l)ier. 

(£am. — $tein  ftreunb,  wenn  e§  bir  rootyttfyun  fann,  fo  nimra 
bie  2Serfid)eruna,,  baf,  ira  erjien  2(ua,en0li<fe  mein  @5emutb  bir  entyes 
flenfam.  Unb  fyore  mid).  Sajj  uns>  ein  ruljigeS  SSDort  unier 
einanber  roecbfetn.  vga^e  mir :  ift  e£  ber  ftrencje,  ernftc  2£ille  beine£ 
SSaterfv  mid)  gu  tobten  ? 

$ert>.  —  £r  ifr'S. 

(£$m. — 2>iefe5  llrtfyeif  ware  nid)t  ein  leered  Scfyrecf&itb  mid) 
ju  anajtia,en,  burd)  $urd)t  unb  $>ro!)una,  $u  ftrafen,  ju  ernie* 
briam,  unb  bann  mit  t"onia,tid)er  @nabe  mid)  n)ieber  auftu* 
fye&en  ? 

$erb. — 9?ein,  ad)  leiber  nein !  5(nfana,$  fcftraeid)e(te  id)  rait 
fet6jt  mit  biefer  Xpojfnuna,;  unb  fd)on  ba  empfanb  id)  2(najt  unb 
©cfcmerj  bid)  in  biefera  Suftanbe  $u  fel;en.     9?un  ift  eg  wxflid), 


OF   THE    GER3IAN    LANGUAGE.  145 

if!  gcwig.    9?ein,  id;  reojere  mid;  nidjt    2Ber  ^t6t  mir  cine  £ulfe, 
wer  einen  9uitl>  bem  tlnt>ermeiblid)en  $u  cnt^el;en  ? 

(?gm. — igo  I; ore  mid).  SBetm  beine  Seek  fo  geroaltfam  tid) 
bringt  mid)  §u  retten,  ivenn  bu  bie  Ue6ermad)t  t>era6fd)euefi>  bie 
bier;  gefeffelt  tydlt,  fo  rette  mid;!  S>ie  5(u$emMitfe  finb  foff&ar. 
3>u  &ijl  be6  2(lla,evc>a(tia,en  ®o^n#  uub  felOft  geroalrig.  2a  jj  un3 
entfliet;en !  3d)  fenne  tk  3Be^e ;  bie  9)tfttel  fonnen  bir  nid;t  una 
fcefannt  fein.  9ta  biefe  SDiauern,  nur  roenige  9)tei(en  entfernen 
mid;  t)on  meinen  ftreunben.  2ofe  biefe  Q3anbe,  &rina,e  mid;  $u 
ifynen,  unb  \d  unfer.  @tenji|>  ber  ifonia,  banft  bir  bereinft  meine 
SKettuna,.  Qtin  23ater  waa,t ;  unb  bie  Sftajejrdt  mujj  ba§  @kfd;el;ene 
fcillujen,  roenn  fie  fid;  and)  basor  entfefet,  £)u  benfji?  C  benfe 
mir  ben  SBea,  ber  $reil;eit  ausl  Sprid;  unb  ndl;re  tk  Jpoffmiwj 
ber  le&enbiam  Seele. 

$erb. — Sd)n>eia,e,  o  fdbroet^e !  £u  t>ermel;rejr  mit  jebem  2£orte 
meine  SOerjroeifluna,.  £ier  i#  fein  2Cu$tt>eg#  hin  dtafy,  feine 
g-lucfyr.  2>a$  qudlt  mid>  ba§  a,reift  unb  faf,t  mir  roie  mit  ^lauen 
bie  33rujf.  3d)  fya&e  felbft  ba§  *rte§  $ufammena,e$oa,ett ;  id)  fenne 
bie  frren^en  feften  .Svnoten;  id)  voeijs  \vk  jeber  ^uljnljeio  jeber  2ifJf 
tk  2Bea,e  uerrannt  finb ;  id;  fiityte  mid)  mit  bir,  unb  mit  alien  Unbent 
gefeffelt.  €S3urbc  tc^  flaam,  l;dtte  id)  nid)t  2CUe&  »erfud;t?  3u 
feinen  ftujsen  r;a6e  id)  <jelea,enf  a,erebet,  a,ebeten.  £r  fd)idte  mid; 
fyierfyer,  %iU$r  was  twn  SebetvMuft  unb  g-reube  in  mir  te&t,  in  i)k* 
fern  2t"ua,enblid  ju  §erjr6ren  ? 

(£a,m, — Unb  feine  9vettun<j  ? 

$trb. — ^eine. 

(£c;m. — ^eine  OiettunoJ  8&j$e3  2e6en!  fd)one  freunblicfye  @e* 
wofynfyeit  beS  £>afemiS  unb  SBufenS!  t>on  bir  foil  id)  fd)eiben! 
So  adaffen  fd;eiben  I  Vlkty  im  $umulte  ber  Sd;lad)t,  unter  bem 
@erdufd)  ber  SSaffen,  in  ber  S^rftreuuna,  bee  ©etummele  <jte6jr  bu 
mir  ein  flud;tige§  2e&erooI;(;  t>u  ntmmfl  feinen  eiligen  2(0fd)ieb, 
eerfurjeft  nidit  tin  Sliujenulid:  ber  ^rennuna,.  3d)  foil  beine  Jpanb 
fafferif  bir  nod)  einmal  in  bie  2(ua,en  fetyiv  beine  ©c^oitCf  beinen 
S53ertl;  red)t  lebl;aft  ful;lcn/  unb  bann  mid)  entfd)loffen  losreiflen  unb 
fa(jen :  $al;re  l)in  I 

©6tl;e. 

N 


146  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 


Character   be£   Spamlet. 

£>enfen  <£ie  fid)  einen  ^rin^crt;  beffen  QSater  unvtvmuttyt  fh'rbt, 
£f)ra,ei^  unb  Jperrfd)fud>t  fint>  nicbt  bie  2 ei fee nfcba f tc n^  tk  ifyn  bele* 
fcen;  er  fyatte  fteb's  cjefallen  laffen,  £olm  eine$  ^onigS  $u  feinj 
aber  rtun  if!  er  genfttfyigt*  auf  ben  s2(bfianb  aufmerffamer  ju  roerben, 
ber  ben  ^onig  uon  beni  Untertljanen  febeiber.  £>a&  9Cecbt  jur^rene 
War  nitbt  erblicb ;  unb  bod)  bdtte  ein  (angered  £eben  feines  SSaterS 
lie  2(nfprucbe  feines  einjigen  CofyncS  mefyr  befefHcjt,  unb  bie  £offc 
nunc]  $ur  ivrone  gejtdjett.  2>agegen  ftefyt  er  fid)  burcb  feinen 
Ot)eim,  ol)m]eacbret  febeinbarer  2>erfprecbuncjen  ttielleicbt  auf  immer 
ausgefcbloffen.  £r  fufytte  fid)  nun  fo  arm  an  @nabe,  an  ©litem 
fremb,  in  bem  roas  er  t>on  Sugenb  auf  a\h  fein  Sigentljum  bttiatip 
ten  fonnte.  £ier  nimmt  fein  @emurt)  tk  crfre  ttautige  SKtcbtung. 
(£r  fiil)U>  bafc  er  nid)t  mefyr,  \a  nicbt  fo  mi  ifr  ale»  jeber  Sbek 
mann;  er  ajebtfid)  fur  einen  Wiener  eines  J^ben,  er  ifr  nicbt  Ijefiicfv 
nid)t  fyerablaffenb,  nein  fyetabgefunfenj  unb  beburfti<j.  *ftacb  feinem 
ttorigen  Sutfanbe  blicft  er  nur  roie  nad)  einem  t>erfcbrr<unbenen 
$raume.  Q3ergeben6,  bafc  fein  D^eim  ifyn  aufmuntern,  itym  feine 
£age  au$  einem  anbern  ®efid)tspunfte  jeigen  roillf  bie  (Jmpfinbunq 
feineS  9M)t§  wrtdjjt  il)n  nie.  2>er  pvutt  @d)lag,  ber  ifyn  traf, 
»erle|re  tiefer,  beucjte  nod)  mefyr,  £8  ift  bie  £eiratl)  feiner  Gutter. 
3l)m,  einem  treuen  unb  jdrrlicben  Cofyne,  blieb,  ba  fein  s3Sater  frarb, 
cine  Gutter  nod)  libriay  er  Ijoffte  in  ©efeilfcbaft  feiner  l)inter(af[enen 
eblen  Gutter  tk  £elbena,ejralt  jenes  gtojjen  2£ba,efcbiebenen  ^u  t?er* 
efyren ;  aber  amb  feine  Gutter  Herbert  erf  unb  e&  iff  fcblimmer;  ale 
roenn  fie  ibm  ber  $ob  geraubt  l)dtte,  2>a§  jwerldffige  s£i(b,  t>a$ 
fldb  ein  roofylgetatfyeneS  jtinb  fo  gem  oon  feinen  (£ltern  macbt,  oers 
febroinbet;  bei  bem  3;oDten  ijr  feine  £ii(fe,  unb  an  ber  £ebenbigen 
fein  £a(t.  ^ie  ifr  aud)  ein  SS>ei&r  unb  unter  bem  atlgemcinen 
©efcblecbtsnamen,  ©ebredibcbfeitf  ift  aucb  fie  begrtffen. 

9cun  erfr  fuljlt  er  fid)  recbt  gebeugt,  unb  fein  (*5lucf  ber  2£e(t 
fann  il)m  nneber  erfe^en,  roae  er  r-erloren  bar.  9cicbt  ttaurigf  nicbt 
nacbbenfbd)  oon  0?aturf  nnrb  if)m  ^rauer  unb  -Jcad)benr'en  jur 
febweren  ^urbe.  2)enfen  ^ie  fid)  biefen  Stingtinjgi  biefen  fturfrens 
fd)on  recbt  kbfyaftt  »era,ea,enrodrtia,en  eie  fid)  feine  %a<\tr  unb  bann 
beobacbten  ^ie  it)nf  roenn  er  erfdl)rtf  bie  ©ejialt  feinee  ^aterd 
erfebeine;  frel)en  vgie  it)m  bei  in  ber  fd)redlidien  9cacbt,  rrenn  bet 
e^rrourbi^e  @ei|l:  felbfi  eor  il;m  auftritt,     (^tn  una/fyeuree  (Jntfeeen 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  147 

ero,reift  ifyn ;  er  rebet  tk  3£unbera,efta(t  an ;  ftefyt  fte  tt>infenf  folcjt, 
unb  fyort.  £>ie  fct>recfUd^e  StnKage  ertont  in  feinen  Ofyren;  ^tufs 
forberuna,  jur  9iad)e,  unb  tie  brtngenbe  roiebertyolte  QMtte:  "£r* 
tnnere  bid)  meincr !" 

Unb  ba  ber  (55eift  uerfdmmnben  iji,  wen  fef>en  mirror  un$  jieben? 
(£inen  jungen  £etben,  ber  nad)  SHacfye  fd)naubt  ?  (£inen  cjebornen 
$iiriien,  ber  fid)  cjliitflid)  fut)(t>  gea,en  ttn  tlfurpator  feiner  ^rone 
aufyeforbert  $u  rcerben  ?  9?ein !  Ctaunen  unb  ^rubfinn  uberfdllt 
i>m  (Jinfamen ;  er  roirb  bitter  cjecjen  tk  (dd)elnben  $>ofenmbter, 
fcbnoort  ben  2Cba,efd-)iebenen  nid)t  ju  t>era,effen,  unb  fcbtiefjt  mtt  bem 
bebeutenben  (2euf^er  :  "  (Tie  Sett  iji  aus  bem  ©elenfe ;  roefye  mir, 
baf,  \&)  ge&oren  roarb  fie  wieber  ein^umbten !"  3>n  biefen 
Shorten  u'ea,t  ber  CdMffel  $u  £am(et6  flanjem  Q3etraa,en;  unb 
mir  iji  beutlidv  bajj  v^tyafefpeare  tyabt  fd)ilbern  wotlen,  eine  grofce 
%l)at  auf  dm  ^ee(e  gefegt,  bie  ber  Stfyat  nicht  gewad)fen  iji.  Unb 
in  biefem  einne  finb  id)  ba$  €tiicf  burditjdnaja,  cjearbeitet.  £ier 
roirb  ein  (5id)baum  in  ein  fojilid)ee  @5efdf$  a,epflan^t,  ba$  nur  lieblid)c 
Sblumen  fydtte  aufnefymen  follen ;  Ik  2Bur^e(n  befynen  au$f  ba&  @efdg 
tvirb  $ernid)tet. 

Gtin  fd)one3,  reined  eb(e£,  fyod)fi  moralifd)e£  £Befen,  ol)ne  bie 
ftnnlid)e  (Stdrfe,  bie  ben  £>elben  macbt,  epty  unter  einer  Saji  $u 
©runbe,  bie  ee  roeber  tracjen  nod)  abwerfen  fann ;  yttt  ^flicbt  iji 
il)m  fyeilia,,  biefe  ju  fcfyrcer.  <Da§  UnmoaJid)e  rcirb  Don  ifym  cjeforbertj 
nid)t  bas  Unmoa,lid)e  an  fid),  fonbern  ba$  xva$  itym  unmoajid)  iji. 
2£ie  er  ftcb  rt>tnbetf  brefyt,  dncjjiiflt,  t>or  unb  juriicf  tritt,  immer  er* 
innert  roirb,  fid)  immer  erinnert,  unb  julefet  feinen  3roecf  au&  bem 
%\x$t  wrliert,  ofyne  bod)  jemale  frot)  $u  roerben. 

©ot&e'S  miUjtim  SWeifter, 


©tyaffpeare. 


3d>  erinnere  mid)  nicht,  baf?  ein  Q5ud>  ein  Sftenfd)  ober  ircjenb 
cine  25ea,ebenbett  bee  £ebens  fo  a,rof,e  SBirfttncjen  auf  mid)  fyeworges 
6radit  bdtte,  ate  bie  fofMichen  £tiicfe,  bie  id)  burd)  3fyre  ©uti^t'eit 
babe  fennen  lernen.  ^ie  fd)einen  ein  SBerf  eine^  t)imm(ijcben 
©cniuei  ^u  fei;n,  ber  fict)  ben  9^enfd)en  ntytxt,  urn  fie  mit  fid)  felbji 


148  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

auf  bie  fletmbeffe  ^Beife  Mannt  jui  madden.  £3  fmb  feine  ©ebtd)te. 
9J?an  aiaubt  t>ot  ben  aufa,efd)laa,enen  uncjefyeuren  Q5ud)ern  be$ 
©d)i<ffa(s  $u  fte^eii/  in  benen  ber  SturmvDinb  be£  fceroecjtejten  2c* 
6enS  faujf,  nnb  mit  ©eroalt  rafd)  t)in  unb  wieber  bldttert.  3d)  bin 
u6er  bit  €tdrt~'e  unb  3artl)eit>  uber  bie  ©eroalt  unb  9iul;e  fo 
erfraunt  unb  attffer  atler  ^affung  a,e6rad)t;  baft  id)  nur  mit  Sefyns 
fud)t  auf  tit  3«it  watte/  ba  id)  mid)  in  einem  Suftanbe  fceftnben 
tt>erbe,  roeiter  $u  lefen. 

©otfye'S  SBitfjefm  Sftetfter. 


3d)  warb  in  ber  $rof,ten  ©urftujfeit  a,e6oren :  ber  frufyejle  @5e* 
fpiete  meiner  ^u^enb  war  ber  SDtangefj  unb  tit  erfien  (*inbru<fe 
mad)ten  bie  Sfyrdnen  meiner  Gutter,  tit  fur  ifyre  Mincer  fein  SBrob 
nwjjte.  2Bie  oft.  fa  I)  id)  fie  (8onnabenb6  mit  weinenben  %u$tn  tit 
S?anbt  tinmen;  roenn  fie  mit  bem,  roaS  ber  angeftrengte  fiitifa  unb 
felbft  burd)road)te  D?dd)te  bee  ©atten  a,cfertia,t  fatten,  rcieber  nad) 
ipaufe  fam,  ofyne  ben  ^dufer  gefunben  ju  tyaben.  3uwei(en  roarb 
ein  neuer  SSerfud)  burd)  mid),  ober  burd)  metne  @d)roef}cr  a,emad)t; 
id)  muf,te  511m  -Svaufmann  ad)en,  06  voir  fie  nid)t  le§  rcerben  fonn* 
ten.  SQieine  Qltern  tfyaten  wa§  fie  fonnten,  unb  (ieffen  mid)  in  cine 
^inbcrfdiute  in  ber  QSorftabt  flefyen.  3d)  erfyiett  ta$  2cbf  ba£  id) 
alleS  gefd)n)inb  Oea^riffe,  unb  r-iel  2uft  jam  Sernen  tydtte.  @d)on  im 
jeljnten  3al)re  fyatte  id)r  urn  ba£  Sd)u(a,elb  aufyutreiben,  einem  £inbe 
meinei?  *ftad)6arn  Unterrid)t  im  2efcn  unb  Sd)rei6en  gegefcen.  £>a 
mid)  ber  gemeine  Sd)uluntetrid)t  nid)t  roeiter  fufyren  fonnte,  fo  fam  e$ 
auf  eine  ^rwatfhmbe  an,  in  roetd)er  id)  $um  Satein  eincjcful)rt  wer* 
ben  fotlte.  %btt  fyier^u  warb  roodjenttid)  ein  guter  @rofd)en  er* 
forbert,  ben  fonnten  mir  meine  GLitern  ntcfet  ge&en.  2ana,e  trua,  id) 
biefen  Summer  mit  mir  fyerum.  3d)  l;atte  einen  tyat\)txif  ber  ein 
wo()U)a6enber  SBdcfer  war,  ein  £a(66ruber  meiner  Gutter.  5(n 
einem  %bt\\tt  roarb  id)  ju  biefem  gefefyitfr,  urn  ein  Q5rob  $u  fyoten. 
93cit  naffen  UuQin  trat  id)  in  ba6  £amv  unb  fanb  meinen  ^atfyen 
t?on  ungcfdfyr  ba  ftefyen.  SBefragt,  rcarum  id)  gewwint  fydtte,  roottte  ic^ 
antworten.  ^"in  ganger  Strom  r-on  3J;rdnen  brad)  (00;  faum  fount 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  149 

kh  bie  Urfacfte  meines  ^cfymenjes  Derftdnblid)  macben.  Qftein  a,rofe 
mutbt'a,er  ^>atbe  erbot  ftcb  wocbentlich  Den  ©rofcben  ju  bejafyfen.  3ur 
QSebinauna,  warb  mtr  auferlegtf  id)  follte  alle  ^ormtage  fommen>  unb 
bas  ausroenbia,  a,elernte  (^Danadium  berfa^en.  SDiefeS  fyatte  tie 
aute  frolcje  fur  mid>  id)  ubte  mein  @5ebdd)tniJ3;  unb  lernte  etroae  mit 
2)mjJiafeit  Dortracjem 


SBil&elm  Sett  unb  ©epter. 

£§  cjefd)a!v  roetl  fein  ©erid)t  unb  9ied)t  meljr  ju  finben  roar, 
bafj  jeber  fid)  fyalf;  unb  Diet  Unveils  marb.  £)ie  Q3oa,tt  aber  (adbtefy 
unb  fubren  fort  nad)  tt;rer  2Beife,  alfo,  baft  fie  nicbt  nur  be5  QSotfeS 
»on  &\tifern  unb  .ftonigen  Derbriefte  9Cetbte  mit  $ujjen  traten ;  fon* 
bern  felbft  lab  eroige  9ved)t  Dertyobnten,  lab  @ott  jeabdxm  SDten* 
fd)en,  rt>ie  fein  unDerdufferlid)es  @ut  Dertietyen  fyat.  2>a  ama,  fd)roeis 
amb  s2Berner  £tauffad)er  Ijinab  jum  Orte  33runnen  am  £ee,  unb 
ful;r  liber  taf>  SGBaflet  nad)  Uri  $um  3Baltfyer  ftiirfi  in  2Cttma,fyau* 
fen.  Q5ei  bemfelben  fanb  er  Derborgen  ben  2(rnolb  Don  SDMcfytfjaf, 
roelcfyer  Dor  bem  ®rimme  bee  £anbenbera,  uber  bag  ©ebtra,  ^eftoberi 
roar.  Unb  fie  rebeten  Don  ber  'Jiotlj  bes  2anbes,  unb  bem  dfrduel 
ber  auMdnbifd)en  9Soa,te,  bie  il)nen  ber  .^onia,,  juroiber  il)ren  awje* 
frammten  9ved)ten  unb  $reil)eiten,  cjefanbt  fyatte.  £>arum  bef.blofc 
ftn  fie,  3?ber  follte  in  feinem  Sanbe  mit  Dertrauten  bcr^baftcn 
9J?dnnern  fpred)en,  unb  erforfd)en,  roeft  £inne6  lab  QSotf  fei,  unb 
roas  es  fur  feine  $reil)eit  unb  ^icbertjeit  einfe|en  rootle?  dtad)  bie? 
fern  famen  fie  oft  in  Derabrebeten  ndd)tlid)en  etunben  jufammen  an 
einem  t)eimlid)en  Orte  am  eee.  $>er  lag  fafr  mitten  inne  jroifcfyen 
Uri,  Unterroalben,  unb  ©cfyroi;^  auf  einer  fd)malen  umbufcbten 
£Biefef  am  $ujs  Don  ben  ftelfen  lib  (2eeli?bera,e6f  a,ea,enuber  tun 
S>orftein  s£runnen.  SDtan  fyieft  il)n  9iutli :  la  roaren  fie  Don  9J?ens 
fd)en,  unb  SBofynungen  roeit.  Q5alb  bradite  Seajicber  fretje  SBote 
fcbaft  mit :  allem  QSotfe  fet  Diel  (eicbter  ber  £ob,  ale  lab  fcbmdfybcfye 
3od).  £vm  9Soat  Hermann  @ef,ler  wavl  nitbt  nuM)l;  benn  er 
l)atte  bofes  ©eroiffen.  (£8  bunfte  il)mf  al?  rcenn  bas  33olf  mutbtger 
cinl}eri)inge/  unb  trover  auefd^e.  ^)arum  lieft  er  ben  f)er$oa,licben 
S^ut  Don  Oeftreid;  erl)ol;en  auf  einer  €tange  in  Uri,  unb  befatyl,  \va 

N2 


150  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

ttoru&ergefye,  foil  bemfelfcen  (Sfyrer&ietung  erweifen.  <£>atan  roottte 
er  erfennen,  n>cr  wiser  Deftreid)  fei.  Unb  SBityetm  Sell,  ber  Sd)ti$ 
aue  Q3iira,len  gina,  tioruOer ;  after  er  fceugte  (id)  nid)t.  SUe&alb  fufyr* 
ten  fie  il;n  gefangen  ju  bem  23ogt>  unb  biefer  fprad)  ergrimmt: 
"  Srofeiger  Sd)u|el  fo  frrafe  bid)  banc  eigene  $unjt.  Sinen  5ipfe( 
lege  id)  auf  ba§  £aupt  beinee  ®ol)nkm$$  ben  fd)ieffe  fyeralv  unb 
feljle  nid)t !"  Unb  fie  Oanben  ba$  ^inb,  unb  legten  auf  bae  Xpaupt 
beffelfcen  einen  SCpfel,  unb  fufyrten  ben  Sd)ii|en  roeit  bar-on.  £r 
jielte.  £>a  fcfyroirrte  tie  Q5ogenfel)ne.  £>a  orad)  ber  <Pfeil  fcen 
5(pfel.  utiles  SSolf  jaucfyjte  freubig.  @ef3ler  a&er  fragte  ben  Sd)ii|en: 
a  5Bo^u  trugft  bu  nod)  ben  anbern  <Pfeil  fcei  bit?"  £*e  antroortete 
Sell :  "  £dtte  ber  erfre  nid)t  Im  2lpfel  getrofftfy  bann  c^eroi^  ber 
finbere  bein  ^er^."  £e)s  erfcfyracf  ber  ^Sogr,  unb  liefe  ben  Sd)iifcen 
greifen,  unb  auf  ein  Sd)iff  ftityren  nad)  .S?uf3nad)t>  roofyin  er  fel&ffc 
§u  fat)ren  gebad)te.  £>enn  ben  Sell  im  Sanbe  Urt  einjuferfern, 
fd)ien,  roegen  bee  SSotfee,  nid)t  ratfyfam;  ifyn  after  in  auslfotbifdje 
@efangenfd)aft  ju  fdyleppen,  roar  roibet  bee  2anbe$  SKedrtfame, 
JDarum  fiird)tete  ber  93egt  Sufammentauf  bee  2Bo(fef>  unb  ful)r 
fd)teunig  aft,  wkxvoH  ber  uurme  $onnrinb  ungefJiimm  ftliee.  £>er 
(gee  ging  tyotyl,  unb  bie  SfBetten  fd)lugen  fd)dumenb  tifter,  bag  Allien 
fcange  roarb,  unb  bie  Sd)ip(eute  uerjagten.  3n  fdwerer  2tng.fi:  Kef 
©ejjler  be.m  Sell  bie  fteffeln  afttfyun,  bamtt  berfelfte,  ale  guter  Sd)iffer 
ba$  ftafyrjeug  lenfe.  2(0er  ber  Sell  (enfte  ^e^en  bie  I'afyle  SSBanb 
bee  2lrenftergee,  wo  eine  nacfte  fteleplatte  r»enigc  Sdnutte  writ  in 
ben  See  fterrortritr.  ©djnwng  unb  Sprung  ;  ber  Sett  fyinaue  auf 
bie  ^Matte,  bag  Sd)iff  (^inau§  in  ben  See.  9?un  Hetterte  ber  QtTtofete 
ttn  Q3erg  l)inauf,  unb  fiol)  burd)  tax  2anb  Sd)wnj.  -Unb  er  bad)te 
in  feinem  befit m me rten  iperjen :  SBofyin  entftiefyen  bem  Some  bee 
©eroatrljerrn  ?  Unb  entrinne  id)  feiner  35o§I;eit,  fo  \)at  er  mein  9Cei6; 
unb  mein  ^inb  jum  ^Jfafcnbe.  Soil  eine  »on  Oeiben  fatten;  unfc^utbig 
%£tib,  unb  ^inb,  unb  SSaterlanb;  ober  SSogt  @ef3ler  bu  j  fo  fatle  buf 
unb  ^reil;eit  freia,e  'wieber!  So  bad)te  ber  Sell,  unb  flog  mit  ^>feil 
unb  Q3oam  gen  ^ii^ittdjtf  unb  fyarrte  in  ber  l)ol;len  tyaffi  bet  bem 
Crte.  JDa  fam  ber  23oc]f;  ba  fd)\i)irrte  bie  QSogenfetyne ;  ba  Crac^ 
ber  ^Pfeil  ba$  Xper^  bee  (35ewaltl;errn.  3)ae  ganje  SSoif  erfc^racE 
freubig  ale  ee  ben  *Xob  feinee  Unterbrutfere  yernal;m.  S)ie  ^t;at  bee 
SeU  t>erliel;  t;ol)ern  ^utl;. 

^.3fct)ocle. 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  151 


£>te  SSerurtfyciluno,  unb$inrid)timcj  $onrabin'£. 

2(uf  unpartfyeifd^em,  teibenfdwftfofem,  mfytlufym  2£ea,e,  fo  fatft 
man,  muffe  ubcr  tag  <2d)i<ffat  ber  ©efangenen  entfd)ieben  roerben; 
befsfyato  lief,  tcr  ^onia.  ^varl  »en  SCnjoit  Scienter  unb  9Ced)tsa,etel;rte 
au6  mefyreren  Sfyeiten  bee  DietcbeS  mid)  9?eapel  fommen,  we(ci;e  un* 
terfudjen,  unb  bag  tlrtt>ei(  fpredjen  follten.  Seber  Don  tl>ncnf  ba§ 
fyoffe  ttf  roerbe  ber  SCnftagc  OeifHmmen :  ^enrabin  fei  ein  $rer>(er 
fleam  tie  .^irdje,  etn  (£mporer  unb  Xpodwerrdtfyer  an  feinem  red;ts 
mdfeiijen  $onia,e,  unb  aitid)  alien  feinen  $reunben  unb  SOcitgefange? 
nen,  bee  £obee  fdjulbia,.  2X(e  bte  9vid)ter  biefe  %nHao>z  borten,  er* 
fd)racfen  (ie  fefyr,  roaa,ten  after  lamje  ntd;f>  tt>re  enta,ea,ena,efefcte  5(ns 
ftd)t  un»er!)of;(en  bar$ufea,en.  £>a  txat  enblid)  ber  eb(e  @5uibo  »on 
©ajara  I;eroorf  unb  faa,tt  mit  (auter  unb  fejTer  Stimrne :  "  Mom 
rabin  if}  nicbt  gefommen  ale  ein  SKau&cr  unb  (£mperer,  fonbern  im 
@Hau6en  unb  QSertrauen  auf  fein  guteS  SKecbt.  (£*r  frewfte  nicbtf 
tnbem  er  r>erfud)te,  fein  ana/ffammtee  t>dterlid)es  9ieid)  burd)  effenen 
$rieg  roieber  (^u  geromnen ;  er  ijt  nid;t  einmal  im  2Cngriffc;  fonbern  auf 
ber  $(ud)t  gefangen  ;  unb  ©efaname  fdxMtenb  ju  betyanbebi,  a/oieret 
<]ortlid;e6  rote  menfd)lid;»es  9ved)t."  Srjtaunt  uber  biefe  unerwartete 
Qrrfldruruv  roanbte  $onig  &\ir(,  bae  niebrigc  @efd)dft  einee  9(nf(a^ 
a,ere  felbjt  ubernelnnenb,  l;ina,ea,en  ein  :  oaf,  ^vonrabine  2eute  fogar 
^(ofrer  ana^unbet  fatten ;  voorauf  a6er  @uibo  unerfebreeft  errote* 
berte :  "  2Ber  fann  fcerorifen,  baf,  .f  onrabin  unb  feine  ftreunbe  bie6 
an6efol;(en  tyaGen  ?  3$  ntd)t  $Cd;nIid)e§  r-on  anbem  Xpeeren  a,efd;e* 
fyen?  Unb  }iii)t  ce>  nicht  attetn  ber  iimte  ju,  uOer  3Scrcjel;en  rr-iber 
ok  M'vcdjz  ju  urttyeifen  ?"  5Clte  ^itdjrcr,  Oie  auf  einen,  ben  un6e* 
beutenbeiv  t'ned)tifd)  gejmnten  9io6ert  yen  Sari;  fpradien  \?ht  Mom 
rabin  unb  feine  ©efatyrten  fret  5  tr>c(d;e§  preierourbia,e  Qxnefymen  ben 
Aetata,  tnbejj  fo  rr-enta,  jur  SOU^tgung  unb  Scfonncnl^cit  jurutfbracr;* 
ti,  bag  er  t)ie(mct;rf  in  r-erbeppctter  2etbenfd)aftf  jeben  Serein  t>on 
^•orm  unb  $hd)t  felbjl:  jerjHrte,  unb;  fred>  jener  ^ned)tejlimme 
folgenb;  aue  eigenec  SQlad^t  bae  $obe?urtt;eii  itber  atte  ©efangenc 
au?fprad).  5(le  ^onrabin  biefe  D^ad;rid)t  6eim  (gd)ad)fpie(e  erl)ie(tf 
t>erlor  er  bie  ftaffuna,  nid)t;  fonbern  benu|tef  gleid)  feinen  UnaJucB* 
gcfdtjrtenf  bie  wenige  ilmen  geiaffene  3eit;  urn  fein  ^lament  ju 
mac^en;  unb  ftd)  mit  @5ott  ausjufol^nen.  Unterbeffen  errid)tete  man 
in  alter  Btille  ba$  QMutaaaifr  btd)t  t>or  ber  ^tabt;  nafye  6et  bem 
fpdter  fo  cjenannten  neuen  SDiarfte  unb  ber  ^ird)e  ber  (^armetiter. 
gg  fd;ten;  ale  fei  bicfer  Ort  6oel;aft  au6a,en)dl)tt  worben;  urn  Mom 


152  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

rafcinen  atte  .£errtid)tnt  feinee  9\eid)ee  t>or  tern  Sobe  noeb  einmaf  ju 
§eicjen.  £>ie  SBogen  tee  l>ier  fo  fcbonen  ale  friebuVben  $Keeree  brin* 
gen  ndmtid)  bis  bal)in,  unb  ber  biefen  tyerrlidifkn  atter  9Jceerbufen 
umfcblieffenbe  Bauberfreie  t>on  <Portici,  .^afMamare,  Sorrento,  unb 
9)taf[a  jMte  fid),  burd)  ben  blenbenben  @lanj  ftiblicb  reiner  Sliifte 
nod)  t>erftdrt,  bem  erfraunten  2>eobad)ter  bar.  5(uf  funbtbare 
9ftdd)te  ber  [ftatur  beutete  jebod)  ba$  §ur  ^infen  fid)  ertyebenbe 
fctjwarjc  ipaupt  be£  QSefutv  unb  red)t$  befrdn^en  ben  @5efid)tstreie 
bie  fd)roffen  jacfigen  $elfen  ber  Snfel  .ftapri,  roo  einft  Siberia  ein 
rourbiger  ©enoffe  ^arlS  »on  2(njou,  fyaufete. 

2£m  neun  unb  jroanjigfren  Oftober  ein  taufenb  jwei  fyunbert  ad)t 
unb  fecbjigr  jroei  donate  nad)  ber  ©cfyladjt  bei  Cfurfofa,  rt>urben 
bie  >X>erurtl)eilten  jum  9iid)tplafce  gefutyrt,  rt)0  ber  ipenfer  mit  bloffen 
^uffertf  unb  aufgejfreiften  Vlermeln  fd)on  il)rer  rcartete.  *ftad;ibem 
ber  ^onig  $arl  einen  angeblid^en  (£l)renpla|  eingenommen  fyatte, 
fprad)  SKobert  t)on  Q3art  jener  ungemtte  9iid)ter,  auf  beffen  Qxfetyl : 
" ^Serfammelte  banner!  biefer  i?onrabin,  ^onrabs  €ct)n,  fam 
aus  £>eutfd)lanb,  um  ale  ein  SSerfufyrer  fetnee  93olfe6  frembe  £aaten 
§u  drnbten,  unb  mit  Unred)t  mbtmdfjige  Jperrfcber  anjugreifeit. 
2Cnfang8  fiegte  er  burd)  Sufall ;  bann  aber  rourbe  burd)  tk  Sikbtigf'eil 
bee  ivoniciS  ber  Cieger  §um  ^efte^terif  unb  ber  fid)  burd)  fein  ©efe§ 
fur  gebunben  fyieltr  rotrb  jefet  gebunben  uor  ta$  @5erid)t  bee  S?onig§ 
gefiibrt,  welcbeg  er  §u  t>ernid)ten  trad)tete.  £afur  wirb,  mit  £rlaub* 
nif,  ber  ©etfriidjfeitf  unb  nad)  bem  SKatfye  ber  SOSeifen  unb  ©efefcr-ers 
frdnbtgefy  ttber  iljn  unb  feine  9J?itfd)utbigen  ale"  Diduber,  (£mporer, 
2tufn>ieg(er,  23errdtl)er,  bae  £obeeurtt)eil  gefprodxn,  unb,  baf$  feine 
weitere  @5efal)r  entfrel;ef  aud)  fogleid)  t>or  filler  2Iugen  Mitogen," 

%{*>  bie  ©egenrodrtigen  ties  fie  gro  jjtentljeils  uberrafd)enbe  Urtt?ei( 
fyorten,  entfhmb  ein  bumpfes  ©emurmel,  roekbee  bie  lebfyafte  Q^eroe* 
gung  ber  @emutl)er  yetfunbete;  alle  aber  bel)errfd)te  tk  $urd)t; 
unb  nur  ©raf  Robert,  bee  ^onicjS  eigener  ^c^wiegerfo^rif  ein  fo 
fd)oner  als  ebler  931'aniv  fprangf  feinem  cjered)ten  3orne  freien  2auf 
lafjenbf  l)ert>or,  unb  fprad)  ju  Diobert  r>on  ^Bari :  a  -2Bie  barftT  bUf 
fred)err  uncjerediter  ^d)urfe^  einen  fo  grojjen  unb  l)err(id)en  fitter 
jum  ^obe  yerurtbeilen  ?"  unb  ju  cj(eid)er  Sett  traf  er  ityn  mit  feinem 
©cbroerbt  bergefrattf  ba$  er  fur  tobt  ^inweggetragen  n?urbe«  J)er 
^onig  yerbif,  feinen  3orn,  att  er  Ubr  bafc  bie  $ranjo|tfd)en  fitter  bee 
©rafen  Xtyat  btUigten  j  bas  Mrtbeil  aber  blieb  imgedniert  ^ierauf  bat 
.S\LMirabin,  bafi  man  ibm  noch  einnial  bae  SfBort  DerfJarte^  unb  fprad) 
mit  grower  ^affung :  "  3Sor  @ctt  babe  kb  ale  sEunber  ten  %ob  oer* 
bient  y  bier  aber  nxrbe  ki)  ungerecb?t  r-erbammt.     3d;  frage  alle  tit 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  153 

©etreuen,  fur  roetcfye  meine  QSorfatyren  t)ier  foroftn,  id)  frao,e  alle 
ipaupter  unb  fturften  biefer  Ch*be :  06  be«  fees  Stobee  fcfyulbia,  iff> 
roeld)er  feme  unb  fetner  SSotfer  SXecfyte  wrtfyetbigt  ?  llnb  roenn  id) 
aud)  fdjulbig  roare*  rote  barf  man  tk  Unfd)ulbia,en  graufam  firafenf 
rceldx,  fetnem  2Cnbern  »crpfucr;tetf  in  loblid)er  Xreut  mix  anftingttt?" 
2>iefe  SfBorte  erjeugten  Diutyruna,,  aber  fetne  %\)at;  unb  ber,  beffen 
Diufyruna,  allein  in  Styaten  l)dtte  ubergefyen  fonnen,  blieb  nid)t  blo§ 
t>erfteinert  gegen  bie  ©runbe  be$  9ied)t$,  fonbern  aud)  a/a,en  bic 
Sinbrude,  roeld)e  ©tanb>  3ua,enb,  unb  (gcfyonfyeit  ber  QSerurtfyeilten 
auf  Scben  mad)ten.  £)a  roarf  ^onrabin  feinen  i?anbfd)ul)  t>om 
QMutgeritjfc  fyerab,  bafj  er  bem  itonige  ^3eter  son  2(raa,onien  nB  ein 
3etd)en  o,ebrad)t  roerbe,  bajj  er  il)m  alle  9ied)te  auf  2(pulien  unb  <Sis 
cilien  ubertraa/.  fitter  irudjfejj  t>on  2£albbura,  nafym  ben  ipanb* 
fifwl)  auf,  unb  erf  u  tire  ben  lefeten  2£unfd)  feinee  fttirjren.  £>iefer, 
aller  Jpoffnung  einer  2(enberuna,  bes>  uno,ered)ten  (SprucfyeS  beraubr, 
umarmte  feine  Sobeegenoffen,  befonberS  ft-riebrid)  t-on  Oeftreid),  §03 
bann  fein  Dberfleib  ctVLfy  unb  fao,te,  %xmt  unb  Jpdnbe  $en  ipimmel 
fyebenb  :  u  Sefu6  (£l;rijrus,  Qixx  aller  (Sreaturen,  ^onig  ber  Qtfyren  \ 
SBenn  biefer  Md)  nid)t  t>or  mir  r>oruberod)en  foil,  fo  befefyle  icr; 
meinen  QJeiji  in  beine  £anbe  I"  %tty  fniete  er  nieber,  rief  after 
bann  nod)  einmat,  fid)  emporricbtenb,  au§ :  a  O  Gutter,  rt>eld)e$ 
Seiben  bereite  id)  bir."  ^lad)  biefen  SBorten  empftng  er  ben  £obeS* 
frreid).  %ih  %x\t brief)  son  Dejrreid)  ba§  Jpaupt  feinee  ftreunbeS 
fallen  fal),  fd)rie  er  in  unermejjlidjem  ©cfymer$  fo  geroaltfam  auf, 
bafj  alle  anfiwjen  $u  roeinen.  2(ber  aud)  fein  ipaupt  fiel.  *ftad) 
biefen  morbete  man  nod)  meljrere.  3m  SCUgemeinen  finbet  fid)  be* 
jeugetj  bajs  uber  taufenb  allmatylia,  auf  foldie  SBeife  il;r  £eben  mx* 
loren.  2>ie  2eid)en  ber  ^in^ericbteten  rourben  nid)t  in  <jeroeil)ter 
^rbe  6e$raben,  fonbern  am  etranbe  be§  $fteeres>,  ober^  roie  %nUxt 
erja^lenf  auf  bem  ^ird)l;of  ber  ^uhaa  t>erfd)arrt. 

DUumer. 


3Btr  erbliden  auffer  unS  eine  QSer6inbungf  in  roeld)er  Reiner  fur 
ftd)  felbft  arbeiten  tantit  ofyne  fur  alle  5(nbern  ju  arbeiten,  ober  fur 
ben  3Cnbern  arbeiten,  ol)ne  jugleidr;  fur  fid)  felbft  ju  arbeiten;  inbem 
ber  ajucfticfye  Jortgang  einee  3)ittgliebe0  gliicf ltd;er  Jortgang  fur  alle 


154  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

tfr:  em  2(nbli<f,  ber  fiton  turd)  fcie  ^armonie,  bie  vc'w  in  bem 
2lllermannia,faltigfftn  erblitfen,  inntg  vt>ol>(tt>utf  unb  unfern  @kift 
mcubtia,  ertyebt.  £>ae  3ntereffe  fteiaj>  roenn  man  einen  QMicf  auf 
fid)  felbft  tbut/  unb  fid)  als>  9Dtitglte&  btefer  a,rof,en  innigen  9Serbins 
bung  betrad)tet.  2>a§  C*5eful>t  unferer  v2£urbe  unb  unferer  i^raft 
fhna,t,  roenn  rcir  uns  faa,en,  was  3^ber  unter  uns  fid)  fagen  fann : 
*t  SDtetn  $>afein  i]T  nid)t  oergebene  unb  jjroetf  los ;  id)  bin  ein  notl)* 
wenbiges  @lieb  ber  a,rofeen  .ftette,  bie  t?on  ber  ^ntwitfeluna,  teg  erften 
SKenfcben  $um  oollen  s£erouf5tfein  feine&  $>afeins  bis  in  bie  (£n>iafeit 
l)inaufn]el)et.  2lUes,  was  jemals  grofo  unb  roeife,  unb  ebe(  unter 
ben  9)Zenfcben  roar,  biejenia,en  1Xi?el>(tt)dter  bes  SKenfdjengefcblecbtSj 
beren  Xiamen  id)  in  ber  3Beltgefcbid)te  aufa,e$eidmet  lefe,  unb  bie 
mel)reren,  beren  23erbienjie  eljne  ifyren  9?amen  ocrbanben  finb — fie 
alle  l)aben  fur  mid)  gearbeitet;  id)  bin  in  il)re  Grrnte  gefommen  5  id) 
betrete  auf  ber  (£rbe>  bie  fie  berrotynten,  ityre  <Eea,en  oerbreitenten 
$ufcftapfen.  3d)  fann,  fcbalb  id?  will,  tk  ert)abene  2(ufa,abe,  bie 
fie  jtd)  aufa,ea,eben  fatten,  era,reifen,  unfer  gememfamcS  $>rubera,es 
fd)led)t  immer  roeifer  unb  ajud:lid)er  $u  macben ;  id)  farm  ta  fort* 
fcauen,  n>o  fie  auftycren  mufeten ;  id)  fann  ben  fyerrlidxn  Sempel, 
tm  fie  unootlenbet  laffen  mufetcn,  feiner  sXo(lenbuna,  ndl)er  brin^cn, 
*  %btx  id)  rcerbe  aufboren  muffen,  vote  fie;'  biirfte  fid)  3^manb  fa$en. 
Of  e^  i]i  ber  erbabenfte  ©ebanfe  unter  alien  :  id)  roerbe,  roenn  id) 
jene  er!)abene  2lufaabe  ubernefyme,  nie  oellenbet  tjaben;  id)  fann 
alfi>  fo  a,eroif,  tk  tlebernetjmuwj  berfelben  meine  Q5eftimmuntj  ijt,  i<i) 
fann  nie  auftyoren  §u  roirfen,  unb  mitl)in  nie  aufboren  ju  fein. 
<£>as,  was  man  $ob  nennt,  fann  mein  $Berf  nicbt  abbmben  ;  benn 
mem  2Berf  fell  uollenbet  roerben,  mltfyin  if*  meiuem  JSafetn  feine 
3eit  beftimmt — unb  kb  bin  trviq.  3d)  l)abe  mit  ber  Unternel)muna, 
jener  cjro^en  '2lufa,abe  tk  (Jroigfeit  an  micb  geriffen.  3d)  t)ebe  mein 
Jpaupt  ful>n  empor  *u  bem  brol)enben  $elfena,ebira,e,  unb  ^u  bem 
tobenben  SBafferfturje,  unb  ju  ben  fracbenben  in  einem  ^-euermeer 
fd)wimmenben  2Botfen/  unb  fage :  '  3d)  bin  emity  unb  id)  trofee 
eurer  93^ad)t !  Q3recbt  alle  t)erab  auf  micr; ;  unb  bu  (Jrbef  unb  tu 
jpimmel,  t>ermifd)t  tud)  im  n?ilben  ^umulte!  unb  il)r  (Jlemente 
alle,  fdidumet  unb  tebet;  unb  ^erreibet  im  wilben  5?ampfe  ba$  lefete 
^ennenftdubd)en  be$  ^crpers  t^n  id)  mein  nenne !  mein  ^Gitle 
allein  mit  feinem  fejTen  ^Mane  foil  futyn  unb  triumpt)trenb  ubcr 
ben  '-trummern  be?  ^Beltalls  fdnreben;  benn  kb  l)abe  meine  SBeflim* 
muna,  ergriffen,  unb  bie  i]~t  baueruber  ale  il;r;  fie  ifi  ervi$f  \mt>  itf) 
bin  ewiQr  wit  fie.'" 

ftifytt. 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  155 


Ser   £)  t  d)  t  e  r, 

££a£  6eunruf)ia,et  tie  iO^enfcben,  ale  ba§  fie  ifyre  9?ea,rijfe  tttd>t 
mit  ten  eacben  eerbinten  ronnen,  tafe  ter  ©enufe  jut)  ilmen  unter 
ten  £dnben  roeajtieljlt,  taf,  bas  ©ewunfdue  ju  fpdt  fommt,  unb 
fcafj  atteg  £rretd)te  unb  SrCangtt  auf  tyr  Qtv$  nid>t  tie  SBirfuntj 
tbut,  roefcbe  tie  Qxajerte  in  ter  fterne  aljnen  (aftt.  @(eiibf.un  rote 
einen  @ott  bat  tae  £cbicffa(  ten  Gutter  uber  biefee  alle*  gefefet.  (Jr 
fiebt  tas  @ett>irre  ter  Seibenfcbaften,  ftamiben  unt  SHctcbc  jtdi  jroecf* 
lps  bewegen,  er  ftebt  tie  unauftosltcben  SKdtfyfel  ber  $ti|5t>erftdjtiniffe, 
tenen  eft  nur  ein  einfpfttged  2Bort  jur  Sntroicfeluna,  feblt,  unfaaftrf) 
terterblirbe  3>erreirruna,en  eerurfacben.  (Sr  ful;lt  tas  £raurio/  unt 
tas  ftreutio,e  jetee  9JJenfcben|\bicffale  mit. 

$)er  £>kbter  muf,  oan$  ftcb#>  ganj  in  feinen  (jeliebten  @$ea,enftdnben 
leben.  (£t>  ter  eem  £immel  innerlid)  auf  tag  t'ejTuYbfte  beo,abt  if?, 
ber  einen  immer  felbft  eermefyrenten  ^cbafc  im  Q^ufen  bete.ihrt;  er 
muf,  ami)  umjeftcrt  mit  feinen  ^cbafeen  in  ter  ftillen  ©lurf fefigfttt  (ebenr 
bie  ein  OCeictxr  eero,ebens  mitaufo,el)auften@titern  urn  ftcb  ljer»or$u6rtn* 
gen  fucbt.  <2iet)  bie  SOtenfcben  an,  trie  fie  nacb  ©hicf  unt  aSer<jnugen 
rennen!  Sfjre  2£unfd)e,  tyre  93iul)e,  ityr  @e(b  jao,en  raffled  unb 
roemuf)?  $la&)  tern,  was  ter  £>id)ter  eon  ter  O^atur  erfyalten  fyatp 
nacb  tern  $ftito,efut)(  feiner  felbft  in  intern,  nacb  einem  fyarmonis 
fd)en  Bufammenfein  mit  eielen  oft  uneereinbaren  <Tina,en. 

2£enn  ter  3Beltmenfd)  in  einer  ab^ebrenten  9Jce(ancbolie  uber 
a,rof,en  "Serfufr  feine  $ag«  fymfcblrictjt,  oter  in  aue<jelaffener  ftreubc 
feinem  Ccbitffafe  entgegen  cjebt,  fe  fibreitet  tie  empfdnaJicbe  leicbtbes 
vt>et-iltcbe  ^eele  tee  $>icbters  reie  tie  reanbelnte  <Zonne  oon  9?acbt  $u 
$4fl  fort,  unb  mit  leifen  llebero,ano,en  fHmmt  feine  £arfe  ju  ftreute 
unb  2et'b.  (£ina,eboren  auf  bem  @runb  feines  £erjens  rodebfr  bie 
febone  3Mume  ber  5Bei?beit  t)ert>orf  unb  reenn  tie  intern  wacbenb 
trdumen,  unb  eon  ungebeuren  33orjrelluna,en  au5  alien  il>ren  €in? 
nen  o,edna,fHa,et  roerben,  fo  lebt  er  ten  Xrauin  be?  Sebens  ale  2Baeben* 
ber  unb  t>a$  ^elteniTe  n>a$  a,efcbiel)t,  ifr  tym  juafeict)  5Sercjant]enbeit 
unb  3ufunft.  Unb  fo  i]\  ber  S)icbter  jU^leid)  2el)rer,  ^Babrfa^er, 
^•reunt  ter  ©otter  unt  ter  $Uenfd^en.  ®ie !  rcillfr  tu,  ba$  er  (^u 
einem  fiimmerlicben  ©eroer6e  !>cruntcrfrcf^c  ?  (£r  ter  rrie  ein  2>o<}e( 
o,ebaut  iftf  urn  tie  ^elt  $u  uberfdM^eben,  auf  boben  ©ipfeln  $u 
niften,  unt  feine  D^abrunc]  eon  ^nofpen  unt  ^-rud)ten  einen 
Stveij)  mit  tern  antern  (eicbt  wrroecbfelnb  ju  net;men,  er  follte  ^u# 
gleic^  mie  ber  Ctier  am  ^Pflmje  jiel;en,  \vk  ber  Jpunb  fid)  cjen;ol)nenf 


J  56  INTRODUCTION  TO   THE   STUDY 

ober  Dietteicfjt  $av  an  bie  .ftette  o,efd)toffen  einen  9ttet;erfyof  burcfy  feirt 
33eilen  fid)ern. 

<go  I)a6en  tie  DKenftben  in  3titm  o,e(e6t,  roo  ba§  (£l)rtt>urbia,e 
mefyr  erfannt  roarb,  unb  fo  fottten  fie  immer  le&en.  ©enuajam  in 
ifyrem  3nnerjren  aulgefl-ftttet?  fceburften  (ie  rcenia,  t-on  auffen ;  tic 
(55a6ef  tyerriidje  Q3i(ber  ben  SDtenftyen  in  fuffen  fid)  an  jeben  @ka,ens 
franb  anfd)miea,enbe  3Borten  unb  DJielobien  mtt$utl;eilenr  6e$auberte 
t)on  jefyer  bie  SBettr  unb  war  fur  ben  QSega&ten  eine  retd)tid)e  (£r0* 
fd)aft.  %n  ber  ^onige  Xpofen,  an  ben  $ifd)en  ber  9ieid)en,  oer  ttn 
$l)uren  ber  Q3ertie&ten  fyord)te  man  auf  fie,  intern  fid)  ba§  Ol;r  unb 
bie  (geete  fur  alles  2(nbere  r>erfd)(of, ;  roie  man  ficJ>  fefia,  prete»tf  unb 
frille  jfetyt>  roenn  au§  ben  @eOufd)eiv  burd)  roelcfye  man  wanbelt,  bie 
(Stimme  ber  *ftad)tta,atl  gewaltig  rut)renb  fyerr-orbringt.  Cie  fanben 
eine  gafrfreie  SBeft;  unb  i()r  niebria,  fd)einenber  SKaruj  erI;ol)te  fie  nur 
bejro  meljr.  £>er  Jpelb  (aufd)te  il;ren  @efdna,en,  unb  ber  Uefcerroin* 
ber  ber  QBelt  l)utbia,te  bem  2>id)ter,  n>ei(  er  fut)lte,  bajj  otyne  biefen 
fein  eicjnes  ungefyeureS  2>afein  nur  ats  ein  eturmroinb  r-oruOerfal)* 
ren  rtmrbe ;  ber  Siefcenbe  tx>unfd)te  fein  SScrtangen/  unb  feinen  ©enufj 
fo  taufenbfad),  unb  fo  l)armonifd)  $u  fiiljlen,  aU  il;n  bie  Oefeelte  Sippe 
ju  fd)i(bern  uerftanb,  unb  felbfr  ber  9veid)e  fonnte  feine  Q3efi|tt)iU 
mer,  feine  Sflgotter  nid)t  mit  eiamen  2(ua,en  fo  foji&ar  fefyen,  a(6  fie 
tfym  uom  @lan$  be»  alien  SBertl)  fiitylenben,  unb  ertyoljenbm  ©eifreS 
erleud)tet  erfd)ienen.  3a>  rcer  \)at,  roenn  tu  rotllfr,  ©otter  a/uitbet, 
un$  $u  il;nen  erfyofcen,  fie  $u  \m&  niebera,e6rad)t  a(3  ber  2)id)ter. 

©ot!;e'$  SBitfyefm  SDieifter, 


£)te  9£eu}af)v§nad)t  rine§  Ungtucfticfyett* 

<£in  alter  93*enfd)  frant)  in  ber  *fteuja!)r3nad)t  am  $enffer, 
unb  fd)aute  mit  bem  Q3ticfe  einer  fcangen  33cr$weijTun$  auf  $um  un* 
berr>ea,lid)en,  twia,  61ul)enben  £)immet,  unb  fyerab  auf  bie  fHUe,  reine, 
roeiffe  (£rbe,  roorauf  je|t  D^iemanb  fo  freuben*  unb  fd^laflod  war, 
aB  er.  $)enn  fein  @ra6  franb  nafye  bet  ifym;  e$  rear  bloj?  t>om 
©cfynee  beg  2Uter#f  nid)t  t>om  ©run  ber  3uamb  »erbecft> 
unb  er  6rad)te  au§  bem  flanjen  reid)en  Se6en  nid)t^  mir,  alt 
3rrt!)umerf  ©iinben  unb  ^ranffyeitettf  einen  t>ert?eerten  ^orperf 
cine   Dcrobete   ©celef   bie   33rujr    »ott  ©ift   unt>  ein  %lttt   »ott 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  157 

Dveue.  €*tm  fibenen  3ugtnbtagc  rranbten  fid)  fyeute  af3  ©efpenfTer 
urn,  unb  jogen  tyn  rr-ieter  doc  ben  Ijcfben  9ftera,en  l;tnf  too  il;n  fein 
2Sater  juerft  auf  ten  (gdjeibeweg  be$  SeuenS  gejrellt  tyatte,  ber  red)ts 
auf  ber  eennenfcatyn  ber  Sugenb  in  ein  wetted  rutyiges  2anb  roll 
2id)t  unb  Written  bxin$t,  unb  finfS  in  tie  SDtauhrutfsgana,*  bee 
Safrers  tyxiabmtytf  in  cine  fd)tt)ar$e  Jpofjle  roll  fyeruntertropfenben 
©iftee,  roll  jifdjtnbet  ©d)lana,en,  unb  finjterer,  fdmmler  £>dmpfc. 

%ib !  bie  sicblangen  tyiwjen  urn  fcine  Q3ruji  unb  bie  ©ifttrepfen 
auf  feiner  3una,e,  unb  er  nwjjte  nun,  roo  er  war. 

jinnies  unb  mit  unau*fpred)lidxm  @ram  ricf  er  $um  Jpimmet 
fyinauf:  QJiO  mit  bie  3ugenb  wiebeiv  o  QSater!  fJettc  mid)  auf  ttn 
<2d)eiben>ea,  miebeiv  bamit  id;  anbere  waljk  I 

Wbtt  fein  9Satet  unb  feine  Sugenb  roaten  (an^ft  batn'n.  (*r  fal) 
3vr(id)ter  auf  eumpfen  tan$en,  unb  auf  bem  @otte?acfcr  auelofd)en, 
unb  er  fagte  :  69  finb  meine  tfyeridsten  $a<$c !  —  ©r  fa  I;  einen 
<£tern  rem  £immel  ftiefyen,  unb  im  Jail  fdjimmcrm  unb  auf  ber 
(5rbe  jcrrinnen :  £>a9  6tn  ic^>  facjte  fein  ulutenbee  £ety  unb  bie 
©ti}(angen$d!;ne  ber  9veue  grufen  barin  in  ben  SOBunben  meiter. 

$>ie  (ebernbe  ^Mjantafte  jckjtc  il)m  jtiefyenbe  D?ad)twanbler  auf  ttn 
£>dd)ern,  unb  tit  26inbmul)le  l;ob  brotyenb  ityre  &rme  $um  3erfd)las 
gen  auf,  unb  eine,  im  ^ebtenfyaufe  jurucfyeOlieuene  2arre  nal)in  ads 
mdtylia,  fcine  3ua,e  an.  —  9Jittten  in  bem  ivampf  fief,  plefctid)  tk 
93iufif  fur  tat  [fteujatyr  rem  Slmrme  fyernieber,  rote  ferner  kitdjtn* 
flefamj.  £r  rourbe  fanfter  Oeroegt.  £r  fd)aute  urn  ben  Jpori^ent 
l;erum  unb  uOer  tit  meite  £rbe,  unb  er  bad)te  an  feine  Sugenb* 
freunbe,  tit  nun,  ajiidlidier  unb  Defter  benn  ei>  £el;rer  ber  £rbe,  23  a* 
ter  glutfucfyet  ^inber  unb  gefegnete  $)2enfd)en  roaren,  unb  er  fagte : 
O,  id)  fonnte  and),  rote  ifyr,  tit  erfre  tftatyt  mit  trocfenen  2(ugen 
Derfd)lummern,  roenn  id)  gewoftt  fyatte! —  2(d>  id)  fonnte  glud'lid) 
feun,  i\)t  ttyeuren  (Eltern,  menu  id)  eure  2el;ren  erfullt  t^atte ! 

3m  fiebertyaften  (Jrinnern  an  feine  ^un^Iincj^cit  fam  e5  il)m  t)erf 
ale  rid)te  fid)  tit  5arre  mit  feinen  3in]en  im  5obtenl;aufc  auf; 
cnbltd)  wurbe  fie  burd)  ttn  2l6ertj(auben,  weld)er  in  ber  0^eujal;r6* 
nad)t  ©eijier  ber  Sufunft  er6(idtr  $u  einem  lebenbigen  3un(]lini}e. 

<kx  fonnte  e5  nid)t  mel)r  fel)en ;  —  er  rerl)ullte  ta$  iiu^t; — 
taufenb  l)eif[e  ^Ijrdnen  ftremten  rerfietjenb  in  ttn  ^d)nee ;  —  er 
feufjte  nur  nod)  teife,  trofttos  unb  finnles :  .Svomme  wieberf  Sucjenbf 
femme  wieber. 

Unb  fie  fam  rciebcr;  benn  er  !)atte  nur  fo  furd)tertid)  ^ 

trdumt.  Sr  mat  nod)  ein  ^unajina,;  nur  feine  2>errrirruna,en  xva* 
ttn  fein  Xtaum  geroefca.     WUt  er  banfte  @ott;  tab  er;  noc^  jungf 

o 


168  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

in  ben  fd)mu|ia,en  ©dno,en  beS  Safrers  umfeljren,  unb  fid)  auf  tie 
(gonnenbafyn  (^urud'bea,eben  fonnte,  bic  ine  2anb  ber  <Srnten  (eitet. 

ivetyre  mit  ibm  urn,  Sungting;  reenn  bu  auf  feinem  3vrroea,e  jret;ejU 
liefer  fcbrecfenbe  £raum  rcirb  funftuj  bein  9iid)ter  voerben;  aber 
roenn  bu  einft  jammeroott  rufen  rourbefl :  ^omme  roieber,  fd)one 
3ua,enb !  —  fo  roiirbc  fie  nid)t  rcieber  fcmmen ! 

%  <p.  Dvicfyter. 


£)er  reidje  Sttanrt. 

5(n  einem  2£interabenbe,  a(§  £err  O mit  feinen  ^inbetn^ 

SCttroin  unb  Xfyeobor,  am  ^aminfeuer  fa§,  rourbe  ifnti  ein  fd)vr-ar$  ge* 
fiea,elter  Q5rief  a,ebrad)t,  ben  er  mit  fidnbarer  3Vroea,una,  las.  9latip 
bem  er  ifyn  a,elefen  unb  roieber  adefen  tyatte,  faltete  er  u>n  lamjfam 
jufammen,  unb  itm  fange  §vt>ifc()en  beiben  £dnben  fyaltenb,  fal)  er 
gebanf'enooll  in  ba§  $euer.  JDte  .ftinber  betradneten  ityren  QSater 
mit  gefpannter  (£rroartun<).  Qrnblid)  brad)  er  ba$  t8tillfd)roeia,en 
unb  fagtt : 

a  (Jrinnert  \\)X  Sudj  nod)  be§  prdd)tt'a,en  ^allafres  in  ber  ©e^enb 
son  £ambur<v  ^  wir  im  Borigen  Saljre  auf  unferer  SXeife  fafyen, 
unb  ber  fo  oieles  entljielt,  roas  Qrure  Qxnnmberuna,  erre^te  ?" 

//  2>u  meinfr  ba$  $eenfd)lo§,"  faa,te  2tUn>in,  "  bat>  in  ber  fchoncn 
(£bene  am  ftluffe  liea,t,  unb  fd)on  in  ber  $erne  einen  fo  fyerrlidien 
(Jinbruc!  mad)t.  2(d)!  weld)'  ein  foftlidjes  ipau§!  alle  2£dnbe 
barinn  roaren  mit  ben  fcbonften  Qkmdlben,  alle  ^reppen  unb  (Sale 
mit  Q3ilbfdulen  gefdjmiitft  1" 

it  O  !  id)  felje  nod)  bas  l)errlid)e  3tmmer,"  fiel  Sfyeobor  ein,  "roo 
an  Ijellbtauen  feibenen  Sapeten  bk  fcr/onjftn  $Mumen,  (Scbmetter* 
lina,e,  unb  ^arabieetn^el  a,emalt  rr>aren,  ate  ob  fie  lebenbia,  rodrenj 
unb  tab  D?aturalien*§abinet,  roo  u>ir  fo  oiele  aue>ldnbifd)e Styiere  fallen." 

//  2(ber  ba*  fd)onjte,"  fagte  MUroin,  n  rear  bod)  ber  v}\irf,  ber  un§ 
roie  eine  unbefrdnjte  Sanbfdwft  oorfam,  unb  an  2IUe?,  mas  roir  »on 
fteenadrten  a,el)ort  batten,  erinnerte.  £>ie  marmornen  Sempel,  bit 
fdidumenben  SBafferfdlle,  bie  fritlen  unb  ful)len  ©rotten — alle©  bat 
jM)t  nod)  »or  meinen  5tu^en,  unb  id)  weifj  nod)  (]ar  nxM)l,  roie  roir 
auf  jebem  freien  ^la|e  burd)  etroa?  O^eues  unb  fedjoneS  uberrafc^t 
rt»urben." 


6P  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  159 

a  (£6en  ta  roar  e?v"  fefete  $fyeotw  fym$u,  «  roo  un3  btc  @5o(b 
Unb  Silberfafanen  erfd>redten,  bie  fo  fcljnell  auffU\qen.  2Ba$  fur 
eine  9Jcena,e  feltenen  @eflugel6  roar  fca  $u  fetyen !  unb  rote  n>unfd;tm 
roir  altes  ba§  immer  unb  immer  a,enief[en  $u  fonnen!" 

"  3t^r  priefet  ben  ^efifcer  aller  biefer  £>in<je  fel;r  ajutfficry  fagtc 
ber  QSater,  "  unb  id)  erinnerte  (£ud>  roenn  id)  nid)t  irre,  bajs  man 
nod)  gat  mambeS  l)in^urounfd)en  miijste,  um  fid)  einee  fold;e£  53es 
fi|e$  freuen  $u  fonnen." 

a  £>u  fagteftr"  flel  Styeobcr  ein,  "  etn  ifranfer  roiirbe  bod)  gram 
alle  biefe  @uter  jiemud)  ajeid^ultia,  fein  :  unb  roer  ein  unrul)i$e6  @5e* 
voiffen  l)dtte,  fonnte  fie  ^ar  nid)t  a,enieffen."  , 

a  %\xd)  mufcte  man  ftreunbe  fyauen,  bk  fid)  mit  un§  erfreuten," 
fefcte  2(Uroin  l)in$u. 

"  So  ijt  es,  meine  ifrnber,"  fufyr  ber  SSater  fort,  "  unb  tie  @5e* 
fd)id")te  bes  DJiannep,  bem  baS  prdd)tia,e  £aus  a,el)orte,  fceroeiet  bit 
Dudrtiafait  biefer  Q3emerfuna,  nur  all^ufetyr.  £r  ijt  oor  roeniam 
$aa,en  fiefrorOenf  biefer  una,lutflid)e  §Lftannf  unb  biefer  Q?rtef  qkbt 
mir  bie  9?ad)rid)t,  bajs  enblid)  ber  2£unfd)  geix»al;rt  roor&ert/  nad) 
beffen  (£rfuUuna,  er  fid)  fo  (ange  flefetynt  tyatte,  bajs  er  flejtorben  feu" 

2>ie  .ftinber  rounfd)ten  ju  roiffen,  roorin  ba$  Hna,lutf  bes  reid)en 
93?anne$  oeftanben  l)a6e.  £>er  2Sater  oefriebiflte  it;ren  2Bunfd) 
buret)  fofgenfce  <£r^df)(una, : 

a  %tam$,  fo  war  biefer  reicfte  unb  unajutfud)e  93?ann  Qenannt, 
roar  ber  Sofyn  eine6  f  feinen  $rdmer§  in  9?ieberfad)fen,  ber  fel)r 
frut)jeitii]  in  biirftia,en  tlmjtdnben  jtarb,  unb  biefenSotyn  unb  eine  ein^i* 
a,e  $od)ter  l)interlieg.  (£in  roeit(duftia,er  'DSerroanbter  bes  'iBerjtorOenen 
rcrtfym  fid)  be?  ^naben  an,  unb  Orad)te  ityn  $u  einem  ivaufmann  ein 
^amOurtj  in  bie  Sefyre.  2>ie  Soditer  roar  flenottyiijt  $>ienjt  ju  fmben. 
5(bam$  roar  ein  .ftnafce  t>on  trefftidien  2lnlaa,en.  £r  6emul)te  fid) 
feinem  Jpcrrn  $u  a,efalleiv  oerrid)tete  feine  ©efdidfte  mit  a,ro£er  5(ufs 
merffamfeit  unb  ^reue,  unb  wu§te  nod)  aufferbem  3^it  §ur  (Jrlernun^ 
an^eneljmer  unb  nu|lid)er  ^enntniffe  §u  geroinmn.  liefer  (*ifer 
blieb  nid)t  unoetolmt.  Sein  £err  (^eid)nete  \{)\\  6a(b  t>or  feinen  am 
bern  2)ienern  au$,  oertraute  il)in  bie  roid)tigjten  @efd;dftef  unb  fal) 
fie  unter  feinen  £dnben  gebeil)en.  93cel)rere  llnternet)mun(}enf  bie 
er  auf  2(bams  9iatl)  0e^a0f  W^r  flelangcn  u6er  alle  (Jrwartun^ 
erroeiterten  fein  2(nfe!)en  unb  feine  2>er6inbuna,en,  unb  6rad)ten  il;n 
haib  in  btn  Q3efi|  eines  23ermoc;en^  ba£  fid)  burd)  flu^e  2>erroenbunt} 
mit  jebem  Xaqe  oermel;rte.  3ur  £>anf6arfeit  emannte  er  ben  2)iei 
ner  5U  feinem  ^anbeB(]enoffen. 

'/5(bam§  amojs  fdn  ©luef  ot)ne  Ue6ermutl).    Seine  ©efd)dfte 


160  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

wrricbtete  er  mit  Seicfytutfeitf  unb  ba  fie  i!)tn  oft  @etea,enf)eit  jum 
SKeifen  ga6en>  benufcte  er  biefe,  fcine  i?enntnif[e  $u  bereid;ern  unb  feu 
nen  ©efcbmacf  ju  bilben.  £ein  ©eficfytsfreiS  erroeiterte  fict>  immer 
mefyr,  fein  (Styaraf'ter  geroann  an  ft^naj'eit,  ber  SSerfetyr  mit  SKen* 
fd)en  ber  t>erfd)iebenfien  5irt  a,ab  il;m  ©eroanbtljeitf  unb  fo  roar  eS 
fein  2Bunber,  bajj  er  u6era(l  2td?tun<j  unb  Siebe  fanb.  2>ie  9ieid)en 
fud)ten  feinen  timpano,,  roei(  er  liebensnmrbia,  roar ;  bie  2(ermeren 
feinen  fkaty  unb  eft  fcine  Unterfrufeuna,;  unb  uueratl  roar  er  bereit, 
ba§  ^efte  ju  rattyen,  unb  nad)  ^rdften  $u  tyelfen.  3l)t  f'ennt  leid)t 
ojauben,  ba£  er  bei  biefen  ©eftnnungen  feine  arme  v£d)voetT-er  nicbt 
oeroaf.  3«  ter  Xl)at  §05  er  fie  auS  ityrer  2>urftia,feitf  unb  oerbei* 
rattyete  fie  an  einen  trefftid)en  £anbprebta,er,  ber  fie  (iebte,  unb  burd) 
2(bam$  Unterffu|un$  in  eine  fcl;r  bequeme  2aa,e  gefefet  vourbe. 

u  D?ad)  SSeriauf  oon  einiom  3al;ren  roarb  fein  el)cmalio,er  «£>err 
franf,  unb  ba  er  frufyer  nod),  a(s  bie  %ix#i,  bie  £offnuna,  oertor 
roieber  auftufommen,  fief,  er  feinen  £anbet?a,eneffen  $u  fid)  femmen, 
unb  fao,te  ju  ilnn:  /^d)  roerbe  nid)t  lange  mefyr  teben;  e§  ifr  3^tr 
bafj  id)  mein  £au§  beflelle.  *ftod)  fyeute  will  id)  meinen  le&ten 
SfBitten  nieberteo,en,  in  roelcfyem  id>  £>id)  $u  nieinem  einu'am  (£rbm 
ernannt  l)aOe.  $)u  oerbienfr  t>ie6^  benn  £>u  fyajt  bas  DJieine  treu 
Derroaltet,  unb  e§  §el;nfarf)  »crmel;rt.  3u  beinen  £anben  roirb  t% 
o,ebeil)en,  unb  id)  barf  nid)t  fimbten  ben  nu'd)famen  (£rroerb  meineS 
2eben§  nad)  meinem  £obe  leid)tfinnia,  jerftreut  $u  fefyen.  2>ie  ^in* 
ber  meiner  <gd)roefkr  finb  auSo,efd)loffen.  Sie  tyaben  ftcf>  nid)t  nad) 
meinem  2Bitlen  gefu^tf  unb  id)  Din  uOer^eucjt,  baj$  fie  fid)  auf  mei* 
nen  £ob  freuen.' 

h  %ik  biefe  tlmfrdnbe  rceifc  id)  groftentfyeUS  aus  2Cbam§  eio,enem 
SKunbe.  3d)  I)atte  einjr  einia,e  ©efd^afte  mit  ifym  gennufyfy  unb  be* 
fud)te  i()n  Dor  mefyreren  3al)ren.  Cir  fd)tojs  mtr  fein  a,an$e6  £er$ 
auf.  2C1§  er  an  biefen  Spunft  famf  rief  er  att6  :  '3d)  Un^(ud'Iid}er! 
3d)  oJauOte  6ei  biefer  ^ntbedunji  auf  bem  ©ipfel  bes  @(ucfe6  ;^u  ftes 
I)en^  id)  ai)nete  nid)t^  bajs  mir  bas  ^cbtcffal  eine  gcfd^rfic^  (Sd;lintjc 
gelecit  l)atte. 

'//^rin^enbe  @kf.bafte,'  fuljr  er  fertf  '  net!)i$ten  mid)  unmitteU 
6ar  nad)  biefem  5(uftritte  ju  einer  fleinen  9ieife>  bie  id)  frul)  flenu^ 
§u  6eenbi^en  $aubttf  urn  meinen  ^reunb  noif)  am  5e0en  (^u  finben. 
<Der  ^immcl  l^atte  eg  anbere  6cfch(offen.  SO^eine  05cfdiafte  oerlans 
cjerten  ficb  unerwarteter  SBetfe ;  er  frarb  wabrenb  meiner  s2(brDefens 
tyeit,  unb  erft  einig«  Senate  nad)  fcinem  $obe  fam  id)  nad)  ^aufe 
juruc!  urn  meine  £rbfd)aft  in  35eftfe  ju  nel^men. 

"'£ie  nacbfJen  23erwanbten  mcince  Derflerbenen  $reunbe§  n) 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  161 

rcn  em  Dfoffe  unb  cine  ?flid)tt,  bit,  id)  votif,  nidjt  vocbuvd),  feinen 
Unrcillen  auf  fid)  a,e(aben  fatten.  %\)Vi  2ebensart  mod)te  nid)t  tie 
rea,elmdf,ia,fte  a,eroefen  fei;n,  unb  fie  fatten  in  Jpojfnung  auf  bit  reic(;e 
(£rbfd)aft  tyres  Claims  eine  cjrofce  ^d;u(benlafr  aufjjel;auft.  5luf 
tie  erj?e  9?ad)rid)t  r-on  bem  $obe  bes  reid;en  2lnt>ernunbten  waren 
fie  f)erbeia,eei(t  unb  fatten  bas  $eframent  effnen  laffen.  2>er  utters 
rcartete  Snfyalt  befjRlben  tyatte  fie  in  tie  groftc  3?eftur$una,  gcfeft ; 
fie  waren  in  bie  tyeftiajten  Q3em>unfd)una,en  tje^en  mid;  au*a,ebrod;en ; 
fie  tyatten  -3Serfud)e  a,emad)t  ben  JBillen  ityres  Ol;eim§  umjujfoffen ; 
aber  umfenjr.  <£o  in  alien  ifyren  Srmartungcn  a,etdufd)t,  r-on  ityren 
<55(dubia,ern  oerfo(a,t,  fallen  fie  fid)  genottyiflt  bit  $(ud)t  $u  enjreifen. 
SLftan  fagte>  fie  fatten  iljren  5£ea,  nad)  Ctnajanb  gentmmen.' 

a  %bax\\h  nalmi  nun  Q3efi|  &en  einem  unermefelidxn  >Bermoa,en, 
ba$  fid)  nod;  burd)  ©hid:  unb  Jfeifj  ragudfj  t?erme(;rte.  2>er  $5eft§ 
einer  fd)onen  unb  (iebensmurbia,en  $rau  crl;el;te  fetn  (*)(ucf,  unb  in* 
nertyalb  ^roeier  Satire  ttuirbe  er  burd)  fie  mit  einem  ^cl;ne  unb  einer 
$od)ter  erfreut. 

a  £>amals  roar  e§#  wo  er  bat  fd)one  unb  a,efd)ma<footfe  £aus 
baute,  ba$  i\)v  fo  fefyr  benmnbert  tyabt.  (£r  l)atte  auf  feinen  Dieifen 
vBieles  a,efel)en,  unb  befafj  ausa,ebreitete  Q5et"anntfd)aften  mit  fiuxtft* 
ktn,  unb  ^unjtfcnncrn.  Qitft  benufete  er  nun,  unb  3>l;r  fyabt 
felbjt  Qefetyen,  mid)  eine  SEemje  ber  fd;onjien  SSer^ierunaoi  er  $u* 
fammena,ebrad)t  tyatte.  3n  jencm  be^aubemben  2(ufentt)alte  lebte  er 
bie  ajucf(id)ffen  %aa,t  in  bem  <id)oo§e  feiner  famine  unb  in  einem 
ana,enel)men  .ftreife  a,eifrreid;er  ftreunbe,  n>eld)e  fein  9veid)tl;um  unb 
Ik  2(nnel)mlid)f'eiten  feines  JprtufeS  urn  il)n  wrfammelten. 

"  2Cbam6  fd)i(berte  mir  Ik  ©Iiicffdiafait  bit  er  bamals  a,enoffen, 
mit  ben  lebfyafteften  $arben.  '5ille  meine  2£unfd)e  waren  erfullt,' 
faa,te  er  unter  ?Inbercn,  *  ober  oielmefyr,  mein  ©lutf  ubertraf  alles, 
was  id)  mir  je  tyatte  traumen  laffen.  2Benn  id)  an  ber  eeite  meiner 
fd)onen  unb  liebensuutrbia,en  @emal)lin  oor  meinem  £aufe  fafc,  unb 
meine  .ftinber  auf  meinen  ivnien  fd)aufe(te,  (jlaubte  id)  ein  ^arabieS 
$u  meinen  ^uffen  ju  fet^en,  unb  bad)te  micr;  als  ben  ^Bel)errfd)er  befc 
felben.  2(ber  bas  i^Iiicf (kt>e  Soo?,  bM  mir  t>om  ^immel  <jefallen 
KVAVf  tyxttt  meine  QMitfe  r-en  bem  X;immel  ab^elenft.  3d)  l)atte  bit 
SBanbelbarfeit  alle6  menfd)lid)en  ©liicfee  t-er^effen.  %d)f  erft  bannf 
ale  ber  ebeljie  unb  befle  ^l)eil  btflm,  roao  id)  mein  nanntef  r-er^ 
loren  rvat,  bad)te  id)  vokbtt  an  @ott,  unb  mein  befummertce  £er$ 
fud)te  ben  auf,  ben  id)  in  meiner  ftreube  »erc;effen  l)atte.  Cie  fatjen 
meine  Seiben,'  fefete  er  t)in^uf  ^  unb  bod)  ift  bat,  wae  ^ie  fel)enf  nur 
ein  cjerincjer  ^eif  beffelben.' 

02 


162  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

r  u  2(B  mir  2(bam9  biefeS  fa$tef  (aa,  er  in  eincni  fteinen  Simmer 
feines  2anbl)aufee>  in  ta$  Uin  &tva\)\  ber  £onne  brang,  auf  einem 
SBcttef  beffen  QSorljdnge  ft ct>  nur  felten  offneten.  Sine  untyeilbare 
&\d)t  fyatte  fid)  fafr  atter  feiner  ©lieber  6emdifyti0t  unt)  feine  3(ugen 
fo  feljr  angegrtffefy  baf  if;m  oft  tec  mattefre  <£tbimmer  be§  2id)te3 
unertraajid)  mar,  £>ie  gerinajh  QSeroeauna,  oerurfad)te  itym  bie  petns 
tid)fkn  ©cfymerjen,  *ftur  felten  nafym  er  SBefud)  an,  unb  feine  r-er* 
voittrocte  vSd)\uejier  war  bie  crojige  ^erfon,  tie  er  in  feinem  Simmer 
bulben  mod)te,  unb  tit  fur  feine  Q3eburfniffe  forfeit  burfte.  £ein 
S^auZ  mar  obe,  unb  mo  man  efyebem  bie  vgtimme  ber  ftreube 
§u  fyoren  pfTea,te,  tonten  jc%t  nur  tit  dnajtlidjen  Seuf^er  eine§ 
unfyeilbaren  .ftranfen. 

"2Cbam§  fyatte  amabe  bamalS  einia,e  leiblid)e  Sfugen&licfe.  2(13 
er  fat> ,  bajj  id)  son  feinem  Sufranbe  a,erul)rt  mar,  brucfte  er 
mir  bie  Jpanb  unb  faatt:  '3d)  mitt  Stynen  mein  <i»in$e3  £er3 
au§fd)utten.  <Sie  nefymen  $l)eil  an  meiner  unajudlid;en  2aa,e, 
unb  id)  ftyk  mid)  erleid)tert,  menn  id)  meinen  Summer  in  eine 
tl;ei(nel)menbe  Q5rujt  nieberlea,en  tVmn.' 

"£r  ful;r  I)ierauf  nad)  einer  fleinen  ^>aufe  fort:  'Sed)S 
3al)re  batte  id)  in  ber  ajudlicfyjlen  Sacie  gefefct,  aid  mid) 
meine  @efd)dfte  mid)  Sonbon  riefenf  mo  id)  metyrere  93Jonate 
uermeilen  mukte.  (£8  mar  ba§  erjremat,  bag  id)  mid)  fo  (ange 
yon  meiner  ftamilie  entfernte.  SSltint  <£el)nfud)t  nad)  ityr  mar 
aufferorbentlid),  unb  id)  amojj  menia,  uon  ben  Mnnefymlidtfeiten 
ber  uncjetyeuren  ^tabt.  SOtein  £er$  mar  oeflommen,  unb  bie 
2Cl)nuna,  eine£  ajofeen  llnajurfs  fd)ien  auf  bemfel&en  ju  laften. 

«<(£int§  %a$tt>  ajna,  tct>  an  einem  <JMa$e  oor&ei,  mo  man 
e&en  Vlnflalten  madjtt,  einuje  Strajsenrdu&er  aufjufnupfen.  3d) 
fyatte  nid;t  bit  minbefte  2uft  bti  biefem  vgd)aufpie(e  ju  r-erroei* 
(en;  ta  id)  abet  jufitttger  SBeife  in  bem  ©ebrdnge  \fovttr  baf  ber 
eine  t>on  ifynen  ein  £eutfd)er  fei,  joa,  id)  bod)  meitere  (Jrfunbiauna, 
ein.  ^tellen  ©ie  fid)  meine  Q3efrur$una,  t?oi>  aB  id)  ben  Harnett 
Dlbier  fyorte,  ben  Seamen  ttb  3ftanne8;  ben  mein  et)ema(ia,er  $m 
mir  ju  £ie&e  enterfct  fyatte.  %i)  l)offte  nod)  einen  ^uamblitf,  ba$ 
er  ein  5(nberer  fein  fonnte,  aber  ta  id)  meine  9(ua,en  auf  ben  d\id)U 
plafe  marff  ftanb  berfe!6e  auf  ber  Setter,  in  beffen  uerftorten  ^Jiienen 
id)  nur  att^u  beutlid)  tit  mol)l6efannten  <&t\id)t$$$t  bee  (Jnterbten 
fanb. 

"'3^  mar  Oei  btefer  fdjrctfficfym  (Sntbecfuna.  wie  r»om  bonnet 
Qerul;rt.  %d)  ettte  §u  §aufe  o!)ne  §u  miffen,  mas  u^  tt;atr  unb  mie 
mir  §tfd)tt)tn  mar.    Unb  faum  t?atte  id)  mid)  t>on  ber  erften  &r 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  163 

fcfyutteruno,  erfyeffv  nib  id)  einen  Q3rief  oon  meiner  %vau  befam,  in 
roelcfyem  fie  mir  fd^rtcB/  ta$  unfit  £od)ter  am  <2d)arlad)fieber  bars 
nieber  (da,ef  unb  aud)  an  b<>m  .ftnaben  btc  erjren  Seicfyen  ber  ifrant* 
!;ett  fid)tbar  vourben.  &k  Oat  mid)  rut;tg  m  fein,  unb  bae  55ejte 
ju  fyoffen. 

"'2)iefe  9?ad;rid)t  rourbe  mid)  unter  alien  Umjranben  erfd)recft 
fyaben :  aber  in  biefem  ^Cuamblide  roarf  fie  mid)  a,an$  barnieber. 
(£3  erfd)ien  mir  fcajeid)  a,eroif5f  baf,  meine  ^inber  ofyne  .fpoffnuna, 
n>drertf  unb  id)  brad)te,  id)  roeijs  felbjt  nid)t  roie,  ityre  ©efafyr  unb 
OltmerS  una,(utflid)e§  ed)icffal  in  traurige  2Serbinbuna,.  2£a§  id) 
nod)  a,ar  nicbt  a,eroaa,t  Ijatte  beutlid)  m  benfen,  franb  in  biefem 
fcbredlidxn  2(ua,enb(ide  flat*  oor  meiner  eeele.  3d)  faate  m  mir 
felbft :  £>u  Oijt  bie  Urfad)e  oon  Dlitners  23erbred)en  unb  $ob.  <Tu 
befifceft  tab  Q3erm6#en,  ba5  itym  ad)orte;  bu  beft|efr  ib,  voeil  bu 
tid)  mit  feinem  3Bortt  fur  ityn  oerroenbet,  unb  feinen  Dtyeim  nid)t 
mit  i()m  au^ufoljnen  c^efucbt  fyafh  3e|t,  roo  biefer  llna,lud(id)ef 
ben  bie  SSerjroeifHuna,  aus  feinem  SSaterlanbe  trieb,  tk  Strafe  fur 
cin  2Serbted)en  bufet,  roo^u  i()n  feine  ^ulffoftaftit  notl)ia,te,  leibeft  bu 
in  ber  %n0  fur  beine  .ftinber  einen  boppelten  Sob,  unb  buffejr  fur 
bie  §>orglofigt*eitf  mit  roeld)er  bu  tab  Unajiid  ber  Chaterbten  betrad)* 
ret  fyajr. 

"'D^un  fyatte  id)  in  Chiajanb  feinen  rufyigen  %uiynb\id.  3d) 
muf,te  nad)  £aufef  unb  ajudlid)er  SBctfe  fanb  fid)  ein  €>ct)tfl>  ba£ 
eben  jum  2(blaufen  bereit  roar ;  unb  immer  franb  tab  33i(b  meiner 
^inber  oor  meinen  9{ua,en.  2(d>  id)  follte  fie  nid)t  roieber  fel)en ! 
2Bdr)renb  icf>  auf  bem  $)teere  umr)er  trieb,  roaren  tk  Sieblimje  meiner 
£er§en$  dn  dlaub  ttb  Xottb  a,eroorben. 

"'ivaum  roar  id)  anadanbet,  alb  id)  nad)  meinem  2anbr)aufe 
eilte.  (J§  rourbe  %lad)t,  er)e  id)  anfam,  unb  id)  fat)  oon  fern  einen 
%i)iii  tib  Spaufeb  frarf  erleud)tetj  in  ben  bunf'len  Simmern  ^tn^ert 
bisroeden  £id)ter  l)in  unb  fyer.  9Q?eine  Unrutye  roar  unbefd)reibtid> 
unb  fo  fc()nell  id)  aud)  fuljo  fd)ien  mir  ber  2Ba^en  bod)  jiille  m 
ftel)en.  (5nb(id)  famen  roir  an.  %i)  eilte  bie  Sreppe  l)inauf.  %lks 
manb  be^e^nete  mir.  3d)  ri^  ben  erleud)teten  'Baai  auf  unb  fa  I; 
meine  $rau  im  Sar^e.' 

"  %tamb  l)ielt  bei  biefen  SfBorten  inne^  faltete  tk  £dnbe  unb 
fd)ien  in  ber  (£rinneruna,  fcine^  8d)mer5en6  oerloren.  2>ann  ful)r 
er  fort: 

"'3d)  mill  3fynen  meine  (Jmpfinbungen  nid)t  befd)reiben.  SD^ein 
Sd)merj  roar  ol)ne  ©rdnjen.  ©innlosroar  id)  neben  bemi^ara,e  nies 
bercjefaden;  in  roela^em  meine  a,e(iebte  &attin  iad)cint  lacj,  £in  fyefti* 


164  INTRODUCTION  TO  THE  STUDI- 

ES %kbtt  erc^rtff  mid) ;  id)  rafete  mefyrere  Xa^t  lano,,  unb  bic  5ler$te 
§aben  mid)  auf.  %Ux  ad)  I  id)  tyatte  bie  Cd)ale  meiner  Seiben  nod) 
nid)t  fleteert;  id)  rourbe  rotter  allee  (£rroarten  bem  Sefcen  $urutfa,e* 
fleben. 

i/v^Son  biefer  Beit  an  erfd)ien  mir  mein  S^auh  bas  oorbem  ter 
2Bclmfi|  ber$reube  unb  3ufriebenl)eit  geroefen  roar,  roie  ein  offene§ 
@raiv  ba6  meine  ©elie&ten  oerfd)(una,en  tyattt.  SBoljin  id)  trat, 
roofyin  id)  meine  2(ua,en  rid)tete,  fal)  id)  D?id)tey  af6  bie  <£puren  ab* 
a,efd)iebner  $reuben,  benen  id)  umfonfr  meine  ^fyrdnen  unb  Ceufyer 
nad)fd)tdte.  %btx  aud)  ber  ©enujs  einer  roel)mutl)ia,en  ^raurigfeit 
roar  mir  nid)t  oenjonnt;  benn  u&eratt  brdngte  fid)  Dlioiers  furd)t* 
Dare  ©efralt  5tt)ifd;en  tk  tl)euren  (fatten  meiner  Winter;  unb  mei* 
ner  a,elie&ten  $rau.  3d)  fal)  ifyn,  road)enb  unb  fd)(afenb.  SBk  oft 
bin  id)  in  tobt!id)er  Slnajl  oon  meinem  ZStttt  aufa,efal)ren,  roenn  id) 
tf>n  im  $raume  falv  mie  er  meine  Mincer  errourflte,  ober  fie  in  tit 
$(ammen  meine§  £aufes>  ftur^te,  ober  mit  mir  fdmpfte,  unb  meine 
Jpafce  foberte,  bie  er  fein  red)tmdjsia,e&  £ia,entf)um  nannte. 

"/£)iefe  $rdume  fd)ienen  mir  immer  mefyr  bie  vgtimme  bes@e* 
roiffenS  $u  fein.  93*eine  fcetTen  ©liter  roaren  batyin,  unb  roas  id) 
nod)  fatter  mad)te  mir  feine  $reube  mel)r.  £>ies  fat)  id)  als  einen 
Q5eroei$  an,  ba$  id)  ej>  mit  Unred)t  6efd£e.  2(d)!  mein  ft-reunb/ 
fufyr  2(bam§  mit  einem  Seufter  fort,  'id)  rourbe  aud)  in  meinem 
tlnajiitf  nod)  ^lucfticr;  a,eroefen  fein,  roenn  mid)  mein  ©eroiffen  tifcer 
biefen  ^)unft  fret  a,efprod)en  fydtte.'  3d)  burfte  mir  auf  feine  SBcife 
oorroerfen  ba§  Seftament  meineS  #reunbe£  auf  eine  anrecfytmdjjig* 
2£eife  erroor6en  £tt  fyafcen ;  after  l)atte  icr)  aud)  t>a$  $)?inbejre  a,etl>tn, 
ben  fyarten  (£ntfd)mfc  $u  mitbern,  burd)  roetdxn  er  feine  nddifren 
SSerroanbten  enter&te?  $>iefe  Unterlaffuna,  qudlte  mid)  \t%tf  unb  id) 
red)nete  mir  OlioierS  $l)aten  unb  feinen  5ob  $u.  £s  roar  ganj  urn? 
fonjTf  ba£  id)  biefen  ©ebanfen  befdmpfte ;  er  fefyrte  immer  rcieber 
jurucf ;  unb  roenn  id)  ilm  am  %aa,t  entfernt  r/atte,  er^riff  er  mid) 
mdd)tia,er  be$  9?ad)t$. 

"  /  QtinjtmalS,  aB  icr;  mid)  unrufyia,  auf  meinem  Qxtte  umfyer 
roarf,  fteC  mir  ptofclid)  ein,  rooran  id)  nod)  nid)t  $ebad)t  l)atte,  bafj 
Olioier  eine  ^roejter  a,et)afct,  unb  baft  er  mit  biefer  ent|To{)en  rodre. 
2)iefer  ©ebanfe  fiet  mir  mit  neuer  ©eroalt  auf  ba$  ^er5.  %btv 
e6en  fo  fcfynell  ieud)tete  mir  ein  fd)road)er  (gd)immer  bes  ^rofres  bar^ 
aus.  ©ottloO,  rief  kr;  aue ;  fo  fann  id)  bod)  oietleid)t  einen  %\)tii 
meinem  Unrecr;t§  roieber  ^ut  macr;en.  Zd)  roill  fie  retteiv  roo  fte  auct; 
fein  maa,. 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  165 

mf&ii  biefen  SSorten  fprang  id)  auf  unb  mad)te  foflfetdj  SCnfrafe 
ten  jur  3C6reife.  Jftiemanb  Oean'ff  meine  2(bfid)t,  benn  id)  fyatte 
tfttd)  SJliemanb  anuertraut.  3ebermann  aJauOte,  bafj  ber  $ot>  ber 
SKeinige»  tie  llrfacbe  meiner  Staurigfett  fei.  3d)  fam  nad)  Sonbon. 
S&it  unfda,lid)er  $ftutje  erljieft  id)  einige  *ftad)rid)ten  »on  ber  ^erfon, 
fcie  id)  fucbte;  aber  bie  Spuren  ifyres  £>afcin$  waren  faft  t>ern.Mfd)t, 
unb  bas  SBtnige*  was  id)  erfufyr,  roar  nid)t  a,emad)t,  mid)  aufgufyet* 
tern.  2(u$  attem  rourbe  roa{)rfd)ein(id>  bajj  fie  nad)  2Cmerifa  (jeaan* 
^en  fei.  3d)  cttte  ityr  aut^  bortl)in  nad>  aber  ofyne  Srfbfa,.  So  per* 
fd)roenbete  id)  mel)rere  3a(;re  mtt  frud)t(ofen  Q3emut)una,en,  hit  k\) 
niebera,efd)(aa,ener  alo  je  nad)  Xpaufe  jurucffetyrte.  £>ie  Dtetfdltigen 
SKeifeiv  bie  ©efafyren,  bie  iii)  ausgejlanbenj  tit  Unrufye,  bie  mid)  nie* 
mate  oerliefj —  attes  bi'efe$  l)atte  meine  .ftrdfte  aufa,?riebem  unb  id) 
wrfanf  aUmdtytta,  in  ten  Ijuifiofen  Sufranb,  in  roektem  Sie  mid) 
jefct  erbliden.  SLfteine  ©efunbtyeit  ift  unroieberbrinajid)  t-ertcren; 
meine  9ieid)tl)umer  ftnb  mir  t-ertyafct;  unb  aUe  meine  Qoffmingcn 
finb  auf  ben^tob  <jefeft>  roeld)ermid)  oon  meinen  £eiben  erlcfen,  unb 
in  bie  %xme  meiner  @attin  unb  meiner  iftnber  jurudful)ren  roirb.' 

u®a%  ijl  bie  ©efd)id)te  be§  6ebauernsrourbia,en  Qftarme^  ben  tie 
9Sernad)(df,ia,una,  einer  einu^en  menfd)enfreunb(id)en  JpanMuna,  fo 
unau5|"pred)lid)  unajudtid)  ^emad)t  fyatte.  *Rur  ein  fefyr  ebler  $)?ann 
fonnte  fid)  urn  einer  fohfyen  Unterlaffuna,  votUcn  fo  fyart  anflagen, 
unb  eine  fo  lana,e  9veue  fiil)(en.  9?ad)bem  er  mefyrere  %\l)xe  auf  bie 
trauriajte  2Beife  $ua,ebrad)t  fyatte,  frarb  feine  Sd)roefter,  beren  @e* 
genroart  unb  Sorajalt  feine  Seiben  er(eid)tert  !)atte.  £>iefe§  neue 
Una,luc£  befd)Ieunia,te  feinen  $ob.  2(ls  er  tie  2(nndl)eruna,  beffelben 
fiitylte,  banfte  er  ©ott  mtt  unbefd)reiblid)er  ftreube,  baf,er  il)n  enb(id) 
aus  biefem  Sujianbe  befreien  roollte.  2>enn  feine  5eiben  fatten  i()n 
lana,ft  oon  ber  2£elt  a,etrennt,  unb  er  fel)nte  fid)  nad)  bem  Jpimmeff 
unb  ber  SKutye  im  Q5rabe. 

a  So  fann  bem  9ftenfd)en  baS  en^e  unb  finjlere  @ra6  tie6er  mer^ 
benf  aB  ber  cjIdn^enDile  ^allajl-.  So  roenia,  fann  une  ber^Befife  dufs 
ferer  ©liter  glutf lid)  mad)en;  n?enn  eh  nid)t  mit  bem  Q3efife  bed  ^ocb* 
frcn  Q5utefv  bem  innern  ^-rieben,  ber  ^inuutit  mit  utvS  felbfl:  unb 
bem  3euantffe  eineh  cjuten  QkrciffenS  r-erbunben  ift." 

3acobe. 


166  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

Xnfd^tagjettel  im  ^amen  Don  $>f)ifabelpf)ia,  a(§  biefer 
in  ©6'tttngen,  7,  San.  1777  angefommen  n>at\ 

permit  roirb  alien  2iebl)abern  ber  ubernatiirlidien  ^f^fif  befannt 
gemacbtf  baf,  t>or  einia,en  XaQtn  ber  roeltberutymte  Soberer  Wfa* 
belpl)u$  <}M)ilabelpl)ia,  beffen  fd)on  (Sorbanus  in  feinem  $Sud)e :  de 
natura  supernaturali  drrodtynuno,  tl;utf  inbem  er  il;n  ben  Don 
Jpimmel  unb  £otle  Q5enebeiten  nennt,  atll;ier  auf  ber  orbindren  ^ofl 
ana,elana,t  i|T>  obijteic^  e§  ein  2eicf)te§  a,enxfen  rodre,  burd)  t>te  2uft 
$u  fommen.  (£s  ifi  ndmlid)  berfelbe,  ber  im  %a\)v  1482  einen  i^naul 
SBinbfaben  in  bie  2£olfen  fd)mifjr  unb  baran  in  bie  £uft  fletterte  bi$ 
man  ityn  nid)t  mefyr  fefyen  f'onnte.  (£r  roirb  mit  bem  neunten  3*n* 
ner  biefe§  3al)re£  anfana,en,  ben  2(ua,en  be$  ^ublici  feine  din^fyaler* 
funfre  offent(id)st;eimftd>  r>orjulea,en,  unb  rood)ent(id)  $u  t-erbeffem 
fortfefyreiten,  bi£  er  enblid)  $u  feinen  500  2ouie>  b'or^tittfen  fommt, 
baruntcr  fid)  einia,e  befinben,  bie,  otyne  '•pratylerei  $u  reben,  ba$ 
2£unberbare  felbjr  ubertreffen,  \a,  fo  ju  faa,en,  fd)led)terbina,s  unmeg* 
lid)  ftnb.  £§  \)at  berfelbe  bie  ©nabe  fletjabt,  feine  ^unfle  mit  bem 
a,rof3ten  35eifall  oor  alien  fyofyen  unb  niebri^en  ^otentaten  aller  t>ier 
(£rbtl;eile  §u  mad)en,  unb  Dort^e  2£od)e  aud)  nod)  fogar  im  $unf* 
ten  »or  ^{)vo  Sftajefrdt,  ber  -ftoniajn  auf  Dtafyeite.  (£r  roirb  fid)  alle 
Sage  unb  alle  Stunben  be6  $aa,e6  fel)en  laffen,  au^enommen  nid)t 
Sftontaqs  unb  £>onner)Taa,$f  rco  er  bem  @ona,reJ5  feiner  Sanbsleute 
§if  '•ptyilabelpfyia  bie  ©rillen  t>erjaa>  unb  nid)t  t>on  11 — 12  tlfyr,  roo 
er  ju  (Sonjfrmtinopel  emjaajrt  i|T>  unb  nid)t  oon  12 — 1  llfyr,  roo  er 
fpeifet.  3Bir  roollen  (£inia,e  t)on  ben  Sdltaa^ftucfen  3u  £inem  Sfya* 
ler  ana,eben;  nicbt  forootyl  bie  Befren^  als  t>ielmel)r  titr  tit  fid)  mit  ben 
ttJeniajten  Shorten  faffen  laffen: 

1.  "Otyne  aus>  ber  ^tube  ju  ad)en,  nimmt  er  ttn  2£etterl)afm 
»on  ber  %atoU  ivinte  ab  unb  fe|t  il)n  auf  bie  SofyanniS  i\ird)e,  unb 
roieberum  bie  ftafyne  be&  ^ird)tl)urm&  3ol;anni»5  auf  tit  3afob&fird)e ; 
wenn  fie  ein  paar  93tinuten  cjefrecft  fyaben,  brin^t  er  fie  roieber  an 
Ort  unb  €telle. 

N.  B.  Me3  ol)ne  93Ja<]netf  burd)  bie  blof,e  ®efd)n)inbi^fcit. 

2.  dr  Idf,t  fid)  eine  .fpoljnjt  bringenf  unb  fd">Ida,t  bamit  einem 

(5t)apeau  oor  ben  .ftopf'  ^1 er  w*  tobt  5ur  ^rbe  P^J  nuf  fccr 
drbe  oerfe|t  er  il;m  ben  jroeiten  ^treic^  ta  ber  (£f)apeau  fetj(ct<f> 
auffref;t/  unb  ^emeini^(id)  fraa,t :  n?a§  fur  eine  9J?uftf  ta&  fe»? 
tlebri^en^  fo  cjefunb  a(^  t?orl;er. 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE*  167 

3.  £t  jiefjt  tret  Dis  sier  £>amen  tie  3dl)ne  fanft  am,  (df3t  fie 
fora,fd(tia,  in  einem  Q5eutel  turd)einanber  fd)uttetn,  (abet  fie  tann  in 
ein  ftetned  ftelfcfJ-ucf,  unt  feuert  fie  auf  tie  .ftopfe,  u>o  tann  jete  reie* 
ber  ifyre  3dl)ne  rein  unt  roeife  fyat. 

4.  £r  nimmt  atle  Utyren,  9iina,e  unt  Suroelen  ter  2Cnroefenten, 
aucf;  baares  @elb,  roenn  e§  t>er(an<}t  roirt,  unt  jMt  jctem  einen 
(gcfyein  auS,  wirft  alles  fyierauf  in  einen  Coffer*  unt  reifet  tamit 
nad)  (SaffeL  9^ ad)  ad)t  $aa,en  jerreifet  jete  ^)erfon  ityren  <Sd)ein, 
unt  fo  rote  ter  9ii§  turd)  iff,  fc  ftnt  Utyren,  9Cina,e  unt  3uroelen 
roieter  ta.    £r  I;  at  fid)  wel  ©elt  mit  tiefem  (gtutfe  wrtient. 

2  id)  ten  ber  a,. 


Die  SMlbfdute  be£  t>attcanifd)en  2fyotfi5. 

£>ie  Statue  tes  Apollo  ift  &a3  l)ed)fre  Steal  ter  3vunfr  unter 
alien  ^Berfen  tes  2(ltertl)um?,  roeld)e  ter  Serjtoruna,  terfelben  ent* 
gangen  fint.  (£r  ubertrifft  atle  antere  filter  teffelben,  fo  rr>eit  £o* 
mere  Apollo  ten,  roeld)en  tie  fo(a,enten  2>id)ter  malen.  lleber  tie 
93?enfd)t)eit  ertyaben  ifr  fein  Qkvoad)?,  unt  fein  <£tant  $eua>'t  eon  ter 
tfyn  erfiillenten  ®rofc.  Crin  ert>ia,er  ^-rul^lin^f  roie  in  tern  ajuctlicfyen 
Slwfium,  befleibet  tie  reijenbe  9L)?dnntid)feit  r-oUt'cmmner  %\\)vt,  unt 
fpietet  mit  fanfter  3nrtlid)feit  auf  tem  frozen  ©ebdute  feiner@(ieber. 

@el)  mit  teinem  ©eijfc  in  tae»  SKeid)  unforperlid)er  <£d)onl)eiten, 
unt  j?erfud)e,  ein  Cd)cpfer  einer  l)imm(ifd)en  D^atur  5U  n^erten,  unt 
ten  ©eifr  mit  bittern/  tie  fid)  uber  tie  9J?aterie  ertyeben,  $u  erfiillen. 
$>enn  l)ier  ijl  nid)t5  <£terblid)es,  nod)  voae  tie  menfd)lid)e  £>urftia,* 
feit  erfortert.  ^eine  2(tern  unt  Cefynen  erl;i|en  unt  rea,en  tiefen 
.ftorper,  fonternein  l)imm(ifd)er  @5eifl>  ter  fid)  wie  ein  fanfter  ^trom 
erfloffen,  Ijat  ajeid)fam  tie  (jan^e  Umfd)reibuna,  tiefer  ft-igur  erfiillet. 
(£r  t)at  ten  ^i;tl)onf  witer  wekfyen  er  erfc  feinen  ¥>oc\tn  a,ebraud)tr  »ers 
fo(a,tr  unt  fein  mdcbtia,er  £d)ritt  Ijat  i()n  erreid)t  unt  erietjt.  3>on 
ter  .fpofye  feiner  ©enuajamfeit  $el)t  fein  erfyabner  $3litfr  roie  in'0  Un* 
ent(id)ef  n?eit  uber  feinen  <£iea,  tyinaus.  Q3erad)tuna,  fi|t  auf  feinen 
2ippenf  unt  ter  Unmutl),  roeld)en  er  in  fid)  §iel)t,  bldtyet  fid)  in  ten 
D^uffen  feiner  D^afe  unt  tritt  bit  in  tie  frofye  etirne  tyinauf.  2(ber  ter 
^•rietef  metdier  auf  terfelben  fd)n>ebtf  bleibt  unijefiort^  unt  fein  2(ua,e 
ift  ooll  £iifftc\feitf  roie  unter  ten93cufenf  tie  il)n  ju  umarmen  n?un* 
fd)en.  (2ein  rocufycB  Xpaar  fpiett  wit  tie  jarten  unt  ftuffigen 
^d)lincjen  etler  ^einreben  (}(eid)fam  ron  einer  fanften  2uft  htWQt, 


168  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 

urn  biefe§  o,ottlid)e  £aupt.    <£$  fcbeint  ^cfa(6et  mit  bem  Oe(e  ber 
©otter,  unb  mit  Inciter  sj>rad)t  auf  feinen  Sd)eite{  gebunben. 

3d)  oera,ejfe  attes  2(nbere  liber  ben  2(nb(ic£  biefee  3&>unberroerfe§ 
ber  $unjT>  unb  id)  netyme  felbfr  einen  erfyabenen  Slant  an,  um  mit 
SfiBurbtgfctt  an^ufcljauen.  9Jiit  SSerefyruna,  fdjeinet  fid)  meine  23ruft 
ju  enoeitern  unb  §u  crl;e6ertf  rote  biejenia,ef  bie  id)  oom  @5eifte  ber 
SIBeiflaguna,  ana,efd)roe(lt  fefye,  unb  id)  fut)(e  mid)  im  ©eijte  fortes 
riicft  nad)  ®eio$/  unb  in  Ik  2t;cifrf)en  £aine;  Drte,  bie  2(potfo 
mit  fciner  ©egenroart  beefyrte.  £>enn  mein  Q3i(b  fd;einet  £e6en  unb 
Q5eroea,una,  ju  befommen,  roie  bes  Pygmalion  Sd)onl)eit ;  roie  tjt  e6 
moa,lid^  e$  ju  mafen  unb  ju  befdjreiben  ?  3d)  lege  ben  Q3egrifF,  Un 
id)  yon  biefem  2>ilbe  gegeben,  511  beffen  ft-ufFen,  toie  bie  .ftrdn$e  ber* 
jenigen,  roeld)e  baS  .fpaupt  ber  <55ottl;eitenf  bie  fie  frown  rootlten, 
nid;t  errekfyen  fonnten. 

2£  i  n  f  e  ( m  a  n  n. 


tteber  bie  ©cfd)id>tc  griebtkf)£  II. 

*ftid)t§  ift  in  ber  ©efd)id)te  feltener,  a(§  bie  DarfMung  eineS 
erfyabenen  G5eifre©  nad)  ooller  2Bal)d)eit  feiner  9?atur  unb  feineS 
2Btrfen5f  fo,  baf3  fein  Q5i(b,  gan$  dd)t  in  feinem  5id)t  unb  Sd)attenf 
an  bem  ^lafee,  roo  eS  ber  9?ad)roelt  eroig  in  bie  ?(ugen  fatten  fell, 
eingefiigt  erfebeinc.  SSiele  $ulgurationen  ber  grofcen  Seelen  erfyielt 
^Mutarify  mit  SSerjranb  unb  Q3ieberfinn;  aber  roett  nid)t  feine  3«t 
in  folder  5(rt  frud)tbar  roar,  au$  unoollfommener  Ueberlieferung  5 
unb  —  rounberbar !  ben  groiteri  ©riedien,  ^n  Sieger  Oei  Seuftra, 
unb  bie  beiben  groi&n  Ovomer  bes  freien  SKom?,  bie  Sieger  bet 
3ama  unb  uber  D^umantia,  lief,  er  unberul;rt, 

2>er  grofee  SOJann  tjt  nie  (in  2Cnbrer,  ale  Qrr  fe(6fr,  roie  er  in 
feiner  Beit  unb  Sage  511  fein  tyat;  ol)ne  5£nbrer  9?ad)tl;eil  aller* 
bing6  ber  £injige,  infofeme  er  in  Q3enu|ung  feiner  2(nlagen,  %ti* 
ten  unb  Umgebung  ein^ig  roar,  iinbeneibet  bleibe  bem  9J?acebonier 
ber  9vul)m  raftlofer  Sd)nelli$feit  in  feinem  grofeen  planmdfjigen 
Saufe ;  eS  minbere  nid)t6  ben  ©tan$  ber  Jpofyeit  unb  £eid)tigfeit, 
ber  unerreid)ten  Sebensfiitte  unb  blifcfd)nellen  Sljatfrafr,  mit  roe!d)er 
oon  tm  $)hinbungen  bee  9U)eittS  bis  in  ben  l)tnterfren  ^ontus  (Sdfar 
bie  SGBelt  unb  £er$en  unterwarf;  es  leud^te  in  eigentl)umlid)er 
56urbe  bie  golbene  %tit,  wo  ber  ebeljte  ber  ^aifer,  Srajan,  fein  un* 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  169 

crmtibctec  0?ad)folo,er  (.ftabrian),  unb  Oeite  5(ntonine  reblid)e  $ua,cn& 
im  %tttet  in  ber  s33erroaltuna,  unb  @Jefe§a,«6una;  ba§  ®leid\)eroid)t 
alter  mtlitdrifcben  unb  bura,erlid)en  >OoUr'cmment;eit  betyaupteten : 
$riebrid)S  @efd)id)t5fd)reiber  brambt  *ftiemanb  tyerab  ju  fefeen, 
Jftiemanfc  ju  beneiben.  3>er  mit  roeniaen  £u(fsmitteln  geaen  flute 
arolse  Jpeere  unb  jum  Sljeil  feljr  ^efchicfte  ftelbtyerren  burd)  @Jeijt  unb 
SSeljarrlidjfeit  aulgefyaltme  &\tmpfr  bie  fyeilenbe  Q3erroattuna;>  bie  im 
filter  una,efd)rodd)te  Dberl)errfd)aft  perfoimcben  ^(nfetyens,  bie  Sins 
roirfuna,  bet*  £)enfuna,$art  auf  etrtf  t>or  alien  abaeroidxnen,  ibeenrei* 
cfyeS  3>tl)rl)unbert  erinnern  an  aSerljaltniffer  roorin  bem  $oni$e  fleams 
ben  roarb,  e  in  jig  $u  fein.  dl'ufyt  (iaf.tr  roar  er,  nid>t  ^tlcrans 
ber,  unb  nicbt  SOlarc  %uvl ;  e  r  i  ft  b  e  r  ^  r  e  u  ft  e  n  $  r  i  e  b  r  i  d> 
an  bem  tk  9?atur  jeigtft  roofite,  baf3f  folvbe  banner  fyertJorju&rin* 
Qeiv  fie  :)?kt  nid;t  minDcr  geroaftuj  ijJ/  als  je  im  tyctyen  2l(tertl;ume. 

Q3ei  alter  fd)einbaren  SDwgenj  ber  duflerlicfyen  J^ariMungeir  liea,t 
in  ber  Seele  eines  jeben  an  ^raft  unb  £Bei&tyeit  grofeen  9Jiannes  &\n 
Jpaupttebensplan,  £  i  n  e  tjortyerrfcfyenbe  3  b  e  e ,  ro  e  I  d)  e , 
aU  (iommentar  unb  (2d)luffel  all  feineS  Sfyung, 
aufa,efafjt  roe  r  ben  muf3,  urn  in  bie  £>arfh  1 1  u  na, 
f  e  i  n  e  6  2  e  b  e  n  e  b  i  e  (£  i  n  fy  e  i  t  §  u  b  r  i  n  a,  e  n ,  ol;ne  Ik  $roar 
cine  (StyronifV  nid)t  aber  eine  Gfctyityttr  fid)  benfen  (aft 

£)  a  §  ijr  ber  teniae  ©acfyej  bie  allanneine  Ueberfid)t;  t>a$  ifyre 
@rof3ef  bie  SKidr/tia/eit  tee  umfaffenben  2Micc"e£v  unb  ba£  Don  ifynen 
uberall  neu  wrbreitete  Sebem 

2£ie  ebel  b  e  r  3n>ecr>  einen  &taat  ju  fyaben,  jur  (SelblTerfyaftuna, 
frarf  genua, ;  burd)  Sreue  unb  SBBaljrtydt  fo  roeit  fyin  fyerrfcbenbf  aB 
c\emeinf.l)aftlid)e5  Sntereffe  wrjranben  roirb;  roent'a,er  jdljlenb  auf 
erfd)opfbare  5d)dfce,  auf  frerDltcbe  Jneere,  ate  auf  tk  atlamieine 
Ue6er§euauna,  feinee  Metres  unb  fetner  ftrcunbe,  baf,  bie  &a<kjt  feiner 
(Srljaltuna,  ik  &ad)t  eine§  jeben  ijr,  ber  etroas  fut)(t  fur  $reh)rit 
unb  2id)t.  $>iefe  arojsten  &naefeaenlj£iten  ber  JJumanitdt  roufcte 
%  r  i  e  b  r  i  cfy  mit  feinem  etaate  in  unaufloslid^n  3ufammenl;ana 
$u  fcrlnaen. 

$>ie  ^ r e i *) e i tf  mid^  nid)t  in  ber  ober  biefer  $erfaffuna§form/ 
efyer  in  ber  (Soejrtjftnj  alter  einem  jeben  &taatt  anaemeffenen  $ors 
menf  roetd)e  nid)t  in  ®efe|lofig6ett/  unb  nid)t  im  D^ieberreiffen,  fons: 
bern  in  a,enuf;reid)er  Sntroicfelung  6efiel;ff  roarf  nebfr  ityrer  ©ct)n)c< 
f}er,  ber  roal^ren  2(  ufl'tdruna,,  r-er  etroa  fed)^  Sa^rcn  in 
roeniam  monarcb;ifd)en  unb  republifanifd)en  ©taaten  t>orl;anben. 
3^aa)bem  (Juropen^  auffeimenbe  Sulfur  burd)  IKeli^ionscontrouerfcn 

P 


170  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDV 

auf  jiem(id)  tana,e  unterbrodwa  roorben,  fyatte  ftcr)  in  ber  ^rotefrantuJ 
fibers  roie  in  ber  9iomifd)en  $ird)e,  tin  getfHofeS  ftormutarroefen  (p* 
bdbet,  roe(d)e0,  in  'iBerbinbuna,  mit  tern  epanifd)en  Sufdmitte  eineS 
Styeilee  ber  grofcen  SBeltr  t>iefe  tae  £eben  tnibenbe  QSorurtbeite  in 
au&fdt)fief(tc^er  .r)errfd)aft  erfyietr.  9Xber  bie  Sftarf  Q5ranbenbura,, 
an  roe(d)er  ber  SDtenfdj)  \)at  erproben  follen,  roie  mi  ftleijj  unb  9)?utl) 
liber  tie  9?atur  Dermoam,  roar  fd)on  oft  ein  3uftud)t6ort  ber  JDenf* 
freifyeit.  ftriebrid)  furd)tere  nicfyts  Don  einem  2Bea,e,  auf  bem  er  Dors 
anama,.  £>a3  roar  feine  ©acfyf :  nid)t  ju  fetyren,  was  2BaIn1)eit 
feif  aber  ben  Unterfud)una,?trieb  §u  errea,en,  unb  burd)  Dollfommen 
freien  epietraum  (^u  bea,unfHa,en.  Qxtnbe,  roekhe  tym  fteffeln  fd)ie* 
nen,  brad)  fein  Hfyntt  ©inn;  uberfyaupt  in  Mem  fam  Sidjt  unb 
@5eift  Don  oben  fyerab.  —  SDa§  roar  bte  ©runbfefre,  bas  ber  3roed : 
bem  etaate  einen  fo(d)en  (£fyarafter  unau&(ofd)lid)  ein^uprdaat,  ba$ 
er  burd)  innereS  Scfcen,  bajj  bie  Nation  burd)  ein  froths,  fyotyee  ©e* 
fiityl  iljrer  felbji  unb  ifyreS  (KufymeS  frarf  unb  unuberroinb(id)  rourbe 
fur  eiame  unb  ifyrer  ftreunbe  llnab^dn^igfeit  unb  9ied)t.  5>aS 
©refjte  an  tljm  ifr,  fo  Diet  in  ben  ©eijl  a,e(ea,t  ju  fyaben.  $>enn  alle§ 
93?ed)anifd)e  ifr  ber  'jEeratteruna,  unterroorfen;  atleS  Spi)r;ftfcbe  muf$ 
ber  Uebermad)t  roeidien ;  aber  banner  Don  rea,er  Slebenbiaftit  unb 
tinerfd)utterlid)er  ftaffuna,  finb  einer  Exaltation  fdt)i<v  bk  fid)  einen 
unerfd)opfi[id)en  9ieid)tl)um  Don  Xpulfsmittetn  geanirodrtia,  mad)t. 

SOBenn  bie  @efd)id)te  aba,e(ebter  ^taaten,  al§  9iefu(tat  Dollenbeter 
(£rfal)run<v  t;od)fi:  merfrourbia,  ifr ;  menn  bie  @efd)id)te  beffebenber 
Ctaaten  bie  Erinneruna,  an  ben  urfpriinajidxn  ®ei]T  ifyrer  Drbnuns 
gen  bat  Dornefymfre  ^ntereffe  ajebt ;  rote  Diet  roicfytiger  bk  @5efd)id)te 
einer  SKegteruwj,  roo  nid)t  fo  Diet  auf  runfHid)  fcff<jcfe%te  ^tyeorieen, 
olS  auf  &etyarrtid)r"eit  im  2Befen>  auf  eine  fortadjenbe  @eijre&arbeir, 
$u  ad)ten  ifr,  um  in  feiner  2(rt  Don  9Sert>ottfommnung  ^uriicr^  unb 
Im  eblen  ^e(b|l-(]eful)(e  immer  Doran  §u  fretjen!  3n  bem  rea,en  2eben 
be^  immer  neuen  ^BelffdwufpieB  iji  Sttttffe^en  unb  Suvudbkiben 
einerlei.  {Die  Written  I)aben  il)re  9J?eere,  ^ranfreid)  ben  t)err(id)en 
Q3oben;  unerfdnroftid)  ifr  Oefrretcbf  9vuf,lanb  unerme§(id);  roaS 
\)ab?n  ro  i  r  f  roenn  nid)t  ©eift  unb  SDtutl) !  S)a§  Seben  eines  etaas 
te^  ifr,  roie  ein  etrom,  in  fort(]et)enber  35eroegung  t;errlid).  2£enn 
ber  etrom  frel)tf  fo  roirb  er  Ei§  ober  eumpf.  2Bo  2id)t  unb 
2Bdrmef  ba  ifr  Sebenl 

SDttfgriffe  unb  ^*el)(er  roirb  nur  ein  5obrebner  ubergebeiv  unb, 
ftatt  einer  (et^rreidxn  ^Befd)reibun(V  ein  unfrmttbaree  %btai  barfreU 
len.  <Daburd>  baf3  ein  ijrcjser  d)Unn  aud)  SLftenfd)  (jeroefen,  fajst  man 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  171 

Wlufy,  feine  @ref,e  fur  erreicb&ar  ju  fyalten.  £3  ijr  nufclid),  grof,e 
©emutfyer  ju  erinnernj  baj3  fie  bie  $orberungen  an  ba§  @luc!  unb 
an  bie  eterblid)en  nicht  ubertrciben.  ©emeinen  9Jienfd)en,  bie  burd) 
*ftad)at)mung  ber  ftefyler  einem  grofeen  iDtanne  ftct>  $u  ndtjern  glau* 
benf'muf,  man  jeigen,  roclcbe  Jpattung  be§  ganjen  2eben$  erforberlid) 
tf3>  auf  baft  £troa&  uOerfel>en  roerbe.  (setbfrfrdnbige  ©refee  ertrdgt 
freie  SQBafyrfyeit.  2>er  ©lanj  ber  triumpfyirenben  Smperatoren  titt 
feine  SSerbunfetung  buret)  bie  fatnrifd)en  ^olbatenlieber;  unb,  ber 
ftletfen  ungead)tet,  ergiejjt  bie  eonne  in  atle  SB3e(t  $reube  unb 
2eben. 

Sofyann  oon  SJftiiUcr. 


©efidnbmffe,  in  SSrtefen  an  einen  ftxmnb,  (ab$dixx$L) 

—  9fteine  gan^e  frufyefte  Q3ilbung  oerbanfe  id)  meinem  33ater;  er 
ift  bi$  in  mein  fed)^el)nte6  %al)v  mein  2et>rer  geroefen.  3ol)ann 
<&tepl)an  9)?attl)ia§  9vei  nfyarb,  ein  SDtarttt;  beffen  2(nbenftn  mir 
fyeilig  fenn  rourbe,  roenn  er  aud)  nid)t  mein  9Sater  geroefen  ware, 
roar  <pfarrer  ju  93  o t?e  njrrauf,,  einem  ^ftarftfteden  im  $er$og* 
rfyume  ©ulj&adr/.  Unter  tk  befonbern  (£igenfd)aften  feiner  ^prebig* 
ten  gefyorte  eine  Arenas  alleS  genau  befrimmenbe  £)ifpofition.  2Bie 
naturltd)  biefe  roar,  unb  rote  unoerfyofylen  fie  fid)  anfiinbigte,  fonnen 
Cie  baram?  fefyen,  bajj  id)  a(§  $nabe  oon  §el>n  bi$  eilf  3a!)ren  fie 
beim  2(nl)oren  ber  ^rebigt  oollfrdnbig  mit  bem  (55ebdd)tniJ3  faffen, 
unb,  roenn  id)  nad)  §aufe  famf  §u  ^apiere  bringen  fonnte.  $>ie 
HSorjMung  einer  jrreng  georbneten,  (eid)t  bel)dltlid)en,  ^rebigt  fam 
•  alfo  fel;r  frufyr  unb  jroar  mit  alien  9iei$en  beS  t>dter(tcf>en  33eifpie(§ 
umgeben,  in  meine  (feeele,  unb  fe|te  fid)  fo  fefr  in  berfelben,  bajj  fie 
nie  roieber  r>at  oerbrdngt  roerben  ftnnen.  9?id)t  minber  roicbtig  unb 
fo(genreid)  roar  ber  Unterrid)t,  roeldjen  mir  mein  QSater  in  ben  alten 
(gpnuben  gab.  (£r  roar  ein  guter  Jpumantfr,  unb  la£  tk  5(lten 
mit  ©efufyl  unb  Q5egeijrerung.  £>iefe§  ©eftttyl,  biefe  $5egeijrerung 
fud)te  er  mir  nid)t  fowofyl  mit^utbeilenf  roenn  rotr  einen  alten 
@d)riftiWler  mtteinanber  (afen ;  ba  roar  fa  ft  2CffeS  auf  tk  ptyilologi* 
fd)e  (*rf"ldrung  be§  tutors  unb  auf  bie  QScrmeljrumj  meiner  eprad)* 
fenntnijj  bembnet ;  aber  tk  meifjen  «3tunbenf  roeld)e  er  oon  ad)t 
ili)t  2Cbenb§  6i^  jeljn  unter  feinen  ^inbern  §u6rad)te,  fing  er  anf 
faft   ausfd)lte|]enb   mir   ju   roibmeiv   unb  fid)   u6er  ©egenj^dnbe^ 


172  INTRODUCTION   TO    THE    STUDY 

tie  meinen  SJdfyttjfetren  unt  ^enntniffen  ana,emeffen  waren;  mit  mir 
511  unterreten.  Jpter  war  e§;  wo  er  jene  PSorlie&e  fur  tie  attert 
&  r  i  e  d)  i  f  i()e  n  unb  di  o  m  i  f  c()  e  n  ^d)riftfre(ler  in  mir  wetfte;  tie  in 
ter  $olge  immer  juawommert;  unt  nie  wieber  aufgefyert  tyat.  %m 
oftervren  waren  tie  ^tellen  au6  ten  6eiten  dlafjtfew  entletynt;  tie  er 
am  meijTen  bewunberte  unt  mit  mir  ju  lefen  ana,efana,en  batte;  au§ 
tern  Cicero  unt  33 1  r  a,  U.  95on  €prad)bemerfuna,en  war  ty'er  tie 
9vete  nicl)r;  aber  worin  ba§  @d)OM;  tag  ^reffenbe,  tas  §Si|t<je, 
ta6  ©rojjef  ba§  Ctrtyabene  tcr  <S  telle  liege,  ta§  wurte  ta  mit  einer 
S^eilnefymung;  mit  einem  $euer  entwitfelt,  tie  fid)  notfywcnttg  mit* 
tfyeilten,  unt  tie  tleberfleuguna,  feljr  frul)  in  mir  tyertjorbradtten;  tie 
atten  (Slafftfer  fei;en  tie  warren  SDcnjfer.  in  ter  Q3erebfamfeit  unt 
JDicfytfunft,  t>on  itmen  mujje  man  lernen;  nad)  ilmen  miiffe  man 
fid)   bitten. 

2(ber  tabei  war  id),  \va$  meine  9J?u  tter  fp  r  a  d)e  betraf,  fe!;r 
Mrlaffen.  €>d)on  in  meinem  neunten  3af;re  rea,te  fid)  ein  ^ana, 
jum  5Did)ten  in  mir,  ter  fid)  fel;r  t>erftdrft  fyaben  wurbe,  wenn  il;m 
nid)t  alle  Sftafyruna,  a,efcblt  l)dtte.  $aum  mac  id)  namlid)  fdljia,  cje* 
worten,  einen  2>eutfd)en  2)id)ter  mit  (£mpfmtuna,  jju  lefen;  fo  eerier 
mein  23ater  turd)  eine  una,lucHid)e  fteuerobrunfr  feine  a,an(^e,  nad) 
ten  tortia,en  Umfidnben  fetyr  anfel)nlid)e,  QSi&ltotr/er5 ;  nid)t  ein  ^Blatt 
terfelben  fonnte  a,erettet  merben.  3d);  ter  id)  immer  mefyr  nad) 
£>eutfd)en£>id)tern$u  led)$en  anfina,,  war  nun  auf  ba$Sul^bad)ifd)e, 
bamaB  fel)r  elenbe  ©efangbud),  auf  i>k  @ebid)te  be6  Xperrn  son 
(E  a  n  i  §,  unb  auf  $$  r  o  <f  c  6  metrifd)e  Ueberfefuna,  t>on  pope's 
Essay  on  man  ewcjefcfyr&nft,  mit  roeldjen  lefeten  beuben  Sdiriften 
ein  frreunb  meinen  feiner  Q3ud)er  beraubten  Stater  Oefd)enft  fyarte. 
—  2Cllein  nun  nd()ere  id)  mid)  einem  an  fid)  jroar  fleinen,  aber  fur 
meine  QSiltuna,  l)od)fi  wid)tia,en  unb  fola,enreid)en  (£reia,niffe.  3d) 
!)atte  mein  breijefynteS  3a!)r  erreid)t;  aB  fid)  meine  dltejft  £d)wej?er 
mit  einem  juwjen  ©eifrltcf)en,  SftamenS  ed)a|(er,  tjerfyeiratljete. 
SDiefer  6efd)enfte  mid)  mit  ben  ©ebicfyten  beS  Xjerm  Don  jailer. 
3d)  frrebe  t>era,eblid),  3tynen  bie  $reube  unb  ia$  (£nt(uiden  au^u* 
brucfen,  mit  weld)em  id)  biefen  £>id)ter  la$  unb  tterfcblana,.  yiun 
wurbe  e$  auf  einmai  fyetf  eor  meiner  eeele;  nun  ajaubte  tcr;  ^efun^ 
ten  511  fyabert;  xvaz  id)  bd  meinem  Q5rotfe3  unb  (5ani|  t)erj]eb(id) 
gefud)t  l)atte.  @g  wdl)rte  ntcht  lange;  fo  wufcte  id)  meinen  jailer 
au?wenbicv  T>af3  id)  nad)al)mte;  war  natur(id);  unb  ale  id)  an 
meinem  bewunberten  duller  alleo  fd)on  fanb;  fo  gefielen  mir  aud) 
tit  bamati  nod)  tyaufig  in  feinen  -Berfen  tjorf'cmmenten  ^)3rot)inu\i(t^ 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  173 

men ;  id)  bxafyU  fie  and)  in  meinen  SSerfen  an,  unb  fd)rieb  mitten 
in  ber  D&erpfa^,  ale  ob  id)  in  Q3ern  geboren  ware. 

$>od)  wag  war  biefe  fteine  SSerirruna,  geam  fcen  unermef,(id)en 
SSortljeilf  ben  id^  pattern  ju  oerbanfen  I)abe !  <£er  gebanfenreicfyej 
fimwoUe,  jebes  SBort  forajfaftia,  wdgenbe  £>id)ter  batte  fid)  meiner 
gan^n  eeele  bemdditia,t.  SSon  nun  an  roar  mir  alleo  2Bettfdjweis« 
fige,  ^Bortreicbe  unb  ^autclc^ifche  auf  immer  oerteibet.  ^o  mi 
@jefd)marf  bie  Suamb  aucb  fcnfr  an  einer  gewtffen  ftiille,  an  einer 
gewiffen  Ueppiafrit  be§  2Cti6brucf§,  an  einem  epiele  mit  liebu'cben 
Q3i(bern  unb  wol)if(ina,enben  ^Mjrafen  finbet;  mir  war  tics  alle§ 
juroiber.  jailer  marine  mid)  im  2(ustrucfe  fo  Derjicfytig,  id)  mocfyte 
faaen,  fo  arm,  bafc  id)  nod)  immer,  wenn  nid)t  ein  neuer,  son  bem 
ttor()era,et)enben  r-erfdMebener,  ober  bod)  ben  oorl)erad)enben  ndber  be* 
frimmenber  Qktantt  $u  fagen  iff,  and)  fd)Ied)terbina,6  Uin  9Bort 
mebr  tyaoe.  llnb  fo  bin  id)  benn,  wenn  icr;  ben  Sinflufj  btbmh, 
wefrben  fatter  burd)  feine  (55et>ichte  auf  mid)  ^ebabt  Ijar,  liberjeugtr 
tor  Sfyaraftet  meiner  £d)reibart  fei  burd)  biefe  ©ebtdbte  befttmmt 
roorben.  2>a  §  fie  baburd)  eine  gewiffe  $  r  o  tf  e  n  I)  e  i  t  erfjaften  tyabe, 
will  id)  nid)t  in  2(brebe  fein.  fatter  bat  naturud)  weit  mel)r  auf 
meine  ^ernunft,  ate  auf  meine  s])l;antafie  gewirtt,  unb  biefe  »ielleicl)t 
nur  all$ufel;r  ^e^u^elt* 

9v  e  i  n  \)  a  r  b. 


4?^ocj  Don  2flba  unb  G>atl;arina  Don  ©tywarabuvg* 

(£ine  3>eutfri)e  £>ame,  au§  einem  £aufe,  ba§  fd)on  etyebem  burd) 
^elbenmutl)  gcgldnjt  unb  bem  ©eutfcben  9veid)  einen  ^aifer  gegeben 
tyitt  war  es,  tit  beinalje  ben  furd)terlid)en  Jg»cr§ocj  oon  Vliba  burd) 
il)r  entfd)(o|Jene6  $etragen  $um  Bittern  gebracbt  bdtte.  2Cls  ivaifer 
(£ar(  V.  im  3al)r  1547  nacb  ber  ed)(ad)t  r>on  9}?iH)lberg  auf  fei* 
nem  3uge  nacb  ^ranfen  unb  ed)waben,  and)  burd)  Surinam  fam, 
wirfte  bk  t-erwittwete  @5rdfin  £atfyarm£  *>sn  (Scbroar^bura,,  eine  ge* 
berene  fturjrin  oon  £enneberg  einen  ^autu';@arbe?Q5rief  au§,  baf$ 
il)re  Untertfyanen  nid)t5  oon  ber  burebjiefjenben  ^panifd)en  &rmee  ^u 
leiben  l)aben  follten.  2)agegen  oerbanb  fie  fid),  Q5rob,  Q3ier  unb 
anbere  2ebene>mitte{  gegen  billige  93e$afyjuna,  an$  9vubo(frabt  an  bit 
Caalbrucfe  fd)affen  ju  taffen,  urn  bk  Spanifcben  Sruppen,  bk  ba 
uberfe|en  wuvoen,  $u  werforgen.    2)od)  gebraud)te  fie  babii  2Sorfic^tf 

P2 


174  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

tie  Q3ru<fe,  roefcfye  nafye  6ci  ber  <2tabt  rear,  abbrecfyen,  unb  in  einer 
(jrefjern  ^ntfernuna,  uber  bah  SDBaffer  fd)taa,en  $u  laffen,  bamit  tie 
alljuijrofee  %la\)t  tl;re  raafclufrigen  &a\\t  nicbt  in  23erfud)una,  fityrte. 
Suajeid)  rourbe  ben  Sitmjofjncrrt  atler  Drtfdjaften;  burd)  roeldje  bee 
3ua,  ajna,,  r-era,onnt,  il;re  befkn  Jpabfeliaftiten  auf  fcaS  ed)loJ5  9tu* 
bolfrabt  ju  brinam. 

9)?itt(erroei(e  ndtyerte  fid)  ber^panifd)e©eneral,  t>om£er$ert,  Jpei  n* 
rid)  »on  SBraunfdjtueia,  unbbeffen  (3ol)nen  beajeitet,  ber(Etabt> 
unb  bat  fid)  burd)  einen  $5oten,  ben  er  r>oranfd)itfte,  Dei  ber  ©rdfin 
tjon  ©d)tt>ar$6ur$  auf  em  $ftora,enbrob  §u  ©ajJe.  Sine  fo  befebei* 
bene  SBitte,  an  ber  epifce  eineS  $riea,M;eer8  a,etfyan,  fonnte  nid)t 
n>ol;(  ab(}efd)la^en  roerben.  $)lan  wuvbt  geben,  was  bat>  £au&  m* 
mod)te,  roar  tie  ^(ntroort;  feine  (Jrcelten^  mod)ten  fommen  unb  ror* 
lieb  nefymen.  Suajcid)  unterlief;  man  nicbtr  ber  Saur<e?@5arbe  nod) 
einmat  ju  gebenfen  unb  bem  <2panifd)en  ©eneral  tie  a,eu)iffenl>afte 
$Beobad)tuna,  berfelben  anS  Jperj  ju  legem 

^tn  freunbltd)er  Smpfang  unb  eine  gut  befefcte  Safe!  erroarten 
ben  iperjoa,  auf  bem  ©d)(offe.  (£r  mujs  geffrfyen,  bag  tie  Styurinaj* 
fd)en  £>amen  eine  fetyr  gute  ^iid)e  fufyren,  unb  t>te  Qrtyre  bes  ©afls 
red)t»  fyalten.  9?od)  l)at  man  fid)  faum  ntebera,efe|t,  aU  ein  (Sitbote 
bie  @rdfin  au$  bem  ©aale  ruft.  £§  nnrb  il)r  gemetfcet;  bafc  bie 
<gpanifd)en  <Solbaten  ©ewatt  ge6raud)tf  unb  ben  Q3auern  bah  SSiefy 
tt>ea,a,etrieben  fatten.  ^  a  1 1)  a  r  i  n  a  war  eine  Sautter  ifyree  2Solf$; 
was  bem  2£ermjien  ir>rcr  Untertfyanen  vmberfufyr,  rcar  il)r  felbfr  $u* 
gejTojsen.  2(uf$  2£eufferfte  u6er  biefe  SOBortbriidjia/eit  entrust,  bod) 
ton  ifyrer  ©eijre§a,ea,enn)art  nid)t  t-erlaffetv  befiefylt  fie  il)rer  ganjen 
£)ienerfd)aft,  fid)  in  atler  ©efdjroinbigfeit  unb  Grille  $u  beroaffnen 
unb  bk  ^cl){of5p forte n  wol)l  §u  wrriegeln ;  fie  fetbjr  OegiOt  fid)  roies 
ber  nad)  bem  @aale>  roo  bie  $urften  nod)  Ui  Sifdje  fi|en.  Jpier 
flaa,t  fie  il)nen  in  ben  berc>ea,lid)f}en  2(u5brucfenf  \va$  ifyr  e6en  wis 
berfafyren,  unb  roie  fd)led)t  man  bah  Qegebene  ^aiferroort  gefyalten. 
SDfan  erroiebert  ityr  mitSad^en;  taf3  bei  einem  2)urd)marfd)  »on  ^oU 
baten  berajeidien  fleine  Unfdlle  nid)t  ju  t>erl)itten  jiunben.  "QaZ 
tt)ollen  roir  bod)  fefyen,"  antwortete  fie  aufgebrad)t.  "93?einen  ar* 
men  tlnterti)anen  mu^  ka$  %\)v\§t  werbeiv  oberr  bd  ©ott!"  — in^ 
bem  fie  brol)enb  il)re  Ctimme  onfrrengtef  ^^-urfrenblut  fur 
O  d)  fe n  b  tut ! "  93Jit  biefer  biinbigen  Srflarung  r-erliefe  fie  ba*  3im* 
merf  baZ  in  n^eniam  SCugenblicfen  ron  35ewaffneten  erfiillt  war,  bie 
fid>  bat  ^d)\t»ert  in  ber  £anb,  bod)  mit  meter  (£t)rerbietia,feit,  \)\nt 
ter  bit  <Stul)(e  ber  Jurfren  pjTanjten  unb  ba6  ^rut)ftu(f  bebienten. 
^Beirn  (^intritt  biefer  £ampfhifHa,en  ©c^aar  »erdnberte  ^er^ocj  %  I  b  a 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  175 

tie  $ar6e;  man  fa!)  einanber  art.  2(6a,efd)nitten  oon  ber5(rmee,  t>on 
einer  uoerfegenen  fyanbfejren  SOienge  umgeBen,  roa$  olieb  ifym  lifcrioy 
aB  fid)  in  @ebulb  $u  faffen;  unb  auf  noeld^e  Q5efcin^un^  es  aud)  feif 
tic  oeleibuut'  £>ame  ju  »erf&fyneh.  Jpeinrid)  son ^braunfcfyroeia, 
faf,te  ftd)$uer|T>  unb  brad)  incin  (auteg  ©etacfytet  au§.  £r  griff  ben 
t>ernunfticjen  Sfusroeg,  ben  aan^en  SSorgang  in'§  Sufrige  jju  fefyren, 
unb  fyiett  ber  ©rdfin  eine  SeOrebe  uber  it;re  fanbeSmutterh'dje  (2ora,* 
fait  unb  ben  entfctyoffenen  $Slut\)r  bm  fie  oeroiefen.  £r  6at  fie,  fid) 
ru!)ig  $u  t)erl>a(terif  unb  nalmt  e$  auf  fid>  ben  $erjoa,  o  o  n  2C  ( 6  a  ju 
3((lem/  was  6illia,  feif  $u  oermogen.  2lud)  6rad)te  er  e£  mit  bem 
2efctern  roirflid)  bafyin,  ba§  er  auf  ber  ©telle  einen  Q3efel)(  an  bk 
SCrmee  ausfertigte,  bag  gerau&te  SSte!)  ben  (Sigenttyumem  o!)ne  33er* 
jug  roieber  au^ultefern.  (gooalb  bk  ®rdpn  r-on  @d)n>ar$ura,  ber 
3urucfa,a6e  geroif,  roar,  Oebanf'te  fie  fid)  auf  §  'Scfycnjre  6ei  ifyren 
©dfrenf  bie  fel>r  fyoftid)  r-on  ifyr  2Cofd)ieb  nal)men. 

Dime  3n>eife(  war  eg  biefe  Qxgeoenfyeit,  bk  ber  @5rdfin  ^  a  t  r)  a* 
rina  r-on  <2cl)tt>ar$6ura,  ben  QSetnamen  ber  Jpelbenmutljigen  enoor* 
6en.  Sfilan  riitymt  nod)  ifyre  ftanbr/afte  3d)dtia^eit,  bie  ^Reformation  in 
ifyremSanbe  ju  Oeforbern,  bk  fd)on  buret)  ifyren  ©emafyl  @raf  Jpein* 
rid)  XXXVII  barm  eingefufyrt  roorben,  bag  9J?ond)groefen  aO^us 
fd)affen  unb  ben  ©d)u(unterrid)t  ju  oer&effern.  SSielen  ^rotejranri* 
fd)en  ^rebtgern,  bie  urn  ber  SKefiajon  roillen  33erfola,unam  au§$ufre* 
fyen  fyatten,  ttefc  fie  ©d)u|  unb  Unterfru|ung  angebeifyen.  Unter  bit* 
fen  roar  ein  geroiffer  Ciagpar  2Cquila,  ^farrer  §u  eaa(fe(b, 
ber  in  junamt  3al;ren  ber  2(rmee  beg  ^aifers  atg  $tlbprebia,er  nad) 
btn  *ftieb'er(anben  gefolgt  roat>  unb  roeil  er  fid)  ba  geroeigert  \)dtttr 
eine  ^anonenfuget  ju  taufen,  r-on  bm  au^elajfenen  Solbaren  in 
einen  $euermorfer  gelaben  rourbe,  urn  in  bk  2uft  gefefyoffen  ^u  roerben ; 
ein  ©d)icffal,  bem  er  nod)  ajucrltd)  enffam,  roeil  bag  ^ufoer  nid)t 
junben  rootlte.  3e|t  roar  er  jum  jroeiten  93^a(e  in  5e6enf>i]efa{)rf 
unb  ein  ^>reig  oon  5000  (55u(ben  jtanb  auf  feinem  ^opf;  md  ber 
^atfer  auf  il)n  §urntef  beffen  interim  er  auf  ber  ^anjet  fd)mdl)(id) 
angegriffen  ljatte.  ^atl)arina  liefe  il)nf  auf  bie  ^>ittt  ber  ®aaU 
fe(berf  l)eimltd)  auf  il)r  @d)lo§  6ringenf  roo  fie  ifyn  otele  Neonate  oer? 
6orgen  l)ie(t  unb  mit  ber  ebeifren  9)?enfd)entie6e  feiner  pftegtef  6ig  er 
fid)  oI)ne  ©efaljr  roieber  fe(;en  laflen  burfte,  @ie  jrarb  ailgemein 
oerel)rt  unb  betrauert  im  58]ten  Safyre  il)re§  2e6eni  unb  im  29fren 
tym  9vegierung.    S)ie  ^vircr;e  $u  9iubo(|rabt  6eroaI)rt  il)re  ©ebeine. 

@d)Uter. 


176  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 


?  a  I  e  m  o  n, 


3£ie  (iebltd)  fcbeint  ba$  SEorgenrotl)  buret)  tie  ^afetftaube  unb  tie 
milben  SKofen  am  g^njfcr!  2£ie  fret;  ftnget  tie  edwalbc  auf  bem 
33alfen  unter  meinem  Qad),  unb  bie  fleine  fierce  in  ter  beben£uft! 
utiles  ifr  munter,  unb  jebe  Wanje  r)at  fid)  im  $t)au  t>erjunin\  $lud) 
id)  fd)eine  Derjunejt.  9J?ein  etab  fell  mid)  ©rcifen  &ot  tie  £d)melle 
meiner  Jpiitte  fiityren,  ta  will  id)  mid)  ber  fommenben  ^onne  a,ea,en* 
uber  fefeen,  unb  uber  tie  cjrunen  3£iefen  l)infer)en.  O  rote  febon  ifr 
alle$  urn  mid)  fyer!  2((lefv  mas  id)  tyore,  finb  ^timmen  ber  ftreube 
unb  bes  £Mnfo  £>ie  23ea,el  in  ber  2uft  unb  ber  Jptrt  auf  bem  ftelbe 
frna,en  i\)v  <£ntju<£en$  unb  bie  ipeerben  brullen  ibre  ftreute  Don  ben 
a,rasreid)en\£ua,em  unb  aus  bem  burd)u>dfferten  Xtyil  O  mie  lana.% 
mie  tariff  ir)*  ©otter!  foil  id)  nod)  .3*ua,e  eurer  ©iHiaftit  fein?  SWeuite 
jig  9J?a(e  r)a&'  id)  nun  ben  2Bed)fel  ber  Sabre^eiten  gefeben,  unb 
roenn  id)  turucf  benfe,  r-on  jefct  bis  jur  etunbe  meiner  (Mutrt  — 
eine  meite  lieblicbe  2(u?ftd)t,  bie  fid)  am  Snbe,  mir  unuberfebbar,  in 
reiner  5uft  wrliert  —  o  mie  wallet  bann  mein  Jperj  auf!  3>fl  tas 
(Jnt^ucfen,  ba8  meine  Sunge  nid)t  framrtleln  farm  —  finb  metric 
ftreubentl)dnen,  il)r  (Jotter!  nid)t  ctn  ju  fd)road)et  $>anf?  5(d)! 
ftiefjet,  il)r  $r)rdnen!  flte|ct  bie  3&angen  l)inunter!  983enn  id)  ^uri'icl 
fefye,  bann  iff*,  als  l)dtt'  id)  nur  einen  lanam  JrifyHitg  a,elebt,  unb 
meine  rruben  etunben  maren  furje  ©emitter;  fie  erfrifeben  tk  ftels 
ber,  unb  beleben  tit  ^flanjen.  9?ie  r)a&en  fcbaMi-.he  ^eueben  unfre 
.^eerben  t>erminbert;  nie  t)at  iin  Unfall  unfre  35aume  tterberbt,  unb 
bei  biefer  £iitte  r)at  nie  ein  fangroterig  Unajiuf  gerul)et.  &nt$dt 
fat)  i(h  in  tk  Surunft  fyinaufv  roenn  meine  Winter  lachelnb  auf  md* 
nem  2Crm  fpielten>  ober  roenn  meine  £anb  be?  plappernben  ^tnbeS 
roanfenben  Sufctrttt  leitete.  SDttt  ftreubentbrdnen  far)  id)  in  tk  3u* 
funft  binau*,  n>enn  id)  biefe  jungen  eproffen  auffeimen  far).  3d) 
mill  fie  oor  Unfall  fdwfcen,  id)  mill  it)re§  5Bad)Str)um§  marten, 
fpract)  id") ;  bie  ©otter  merben  bie  Q3emi'ibungen  fegnen;  fte  merben 
empor  mad)fen  unt  l)errlid)e  Erudite  traa/n,  unb  35dume  roerten, 
tk  mein  fdjroadieS  filter  in  erquicfenben  ©fatten  nebmen.  &o 
fprad)  id),  unb  brucfte  fie  an  meine  Srujrj  unb  je&t  finb  fte  soil 
^e<)en  empor  (jemad)fen,  unb  netymen  mein  graue?  filter  in  erfrifeben^ 
ben  ed)atten.  e^o  mud)fen  bie  2(epfelbdume  unb  tk  93irncnr3dume 
unb  bie  l)ot)en  9^uf3bdume,  tk  id)  aB  Singling  urn  tk  Qtittt  l)er  op* 
pfTan^t  l;abe,  \)od)  empor;  fie  traejen  bie  alten  2(efte  xvcit  uml)er,  unb 
nel;men  bie  fleine  2Bol)nuncj  in  erquicfenben  Cd)atten.     S)ie^  tk$ 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  177 

war  mein  fyeftigfrer  ©ram,  o  SDtfrta!  ba  bu  an  mcinec  fcefcenben 
Q5ruft,  in  meinen  2£rmen  fhirbefr.  Srootfmal  \jcit  nun  fd)on  ber 
ftrublincj  bein  ®ra&  mit  QMumen  gefdjmiicft  2(Dec  ber  Sao,  nafyet, 
ein  frofyer  %a$  I  ta  meine  (Meine  $u  ben  beinen  merben  tyingetegt 
merben;  metteid)t  fiiljrt  ilm  tie  femmenbe  *ftad)t  fyerbei.  Ol  id)  fel/ 
es  mit  2uff,  mie  mein  grauer  35art  uOer  meine  SBrujr  fyerunter  mat? 
(et.  3a,  fpictc  mit  bem  roeiffen  $aat  auf  meiner  Q3rujl>  bu  fleiner 
3epl)ir,  ber  tu  mid)  umfyupfcfr;  es  if!  e6  fo  mertf),  aB  ba6  a,olbene 
Spaav  bee  frozen  3urigfingi#  unb  bie  6raunen  Socfen  am  9?acfen  be6 
auf&lii  Ijenben  93uibd)en?.  O  biefer  Xaa,  fell  mir  ein  %a$  ber  ftreube 
fein!  %b  mitt  meine  .ftinber  urn  mid)  l)er  fammeln,  bib  auf  ben 
fleinen  jtammefnben  SttfeC,  unb  mitt  ben  ©ettern  cpfern.  £ier  t>or 
meiner  §utte  fei  ber  5Cltar !  3d)  mitt  mein  faljteS  £aupt  urmrdnjen, 
unb  mein  fcfyroacfor  2(rm  fell  tk  Sener  netymen,  unb  bann  motten 
mir,  id)  unb  meine  Winter,  Seblieber  jingen.  3\inn  mitt  id)  QMumen 
iiber  meine  Xafti  ftreuen,  unb  mit  frozen  ©efprdd)en  ba6  Opferftcifd> 
effen. 

(go  fprad)  <))aIemon,  unb  !;u6  fid)  jitternb  an  feinem  ^rafc  auf, 
unb  rief  bie  Winter  jufammen,  unb  tyielt  ttn  ©ottern  ein  frofyeS  %tfk. 

©  e  £  n  e  r. 


SR  t  r  t  i  L 


33et  fHttem  2(6enb  \jattt  SRirtft  nod)  ben  monbfceajdnjten  <£umpf 
6efud)t;  bie  rufyige  ©egenb  tm  9)tonbfd)ein  unb  tab  Sieb  ber  *ftad)« 
tigatt  fatten  in  frittem  Snfyitfen  it)n  aufgetjalten.  9X6er  jefct  fam 
er  mriitf  in  bie  griine  Qaubt  t>on  9ve6en  t>cr  feiner  einfamen  Xputte, 
unb  fanb  ta  feinen  alten  SSater  am  93?onbfd)ein  I)ingefunfenf  fein 
grauee  £aupt  auf  ben  einen  %vm  fyingetefynr.  2) a  frettt'  er  ftcb,  bie 
2(rme  in  einanber  gefdjtungen,  uor  il)n  l)in.  2ange  ftanb  er  taf  fein 
QMid:  rul)te  uimermanbt  auf  bem  ©reife;  nur  blidt'  er  jumeilen  auf, 
burd)  tab  gldnjenbe  9te6en(au6  jum  Spimmti,  unb  ftreubentfyrdnen 
floffen  bem  Sofyne  t>om  2(ug,e. 

O  bul  fo  fprad)  er  nun,  bu,  ben  id)  nad)ft  ben  ©ettern  am  meifren 
el)re !  93ater  1  mie  fanft  fd)lummerjr  bu  ta  I  2Bie  ldd)e(nb  ift  ber  €d)(af 
besftremmen!  ©eroifcging  bein  $itternber  $ufc  am  ber  Jpiitte  fyerr-or, 
in  ftittem  ©e&ete  ben  2l6en&  $u  feiern,  unb  ktenb  fd)(iefjt  tu  ein.    £>u 


178  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

!jafr  and)  fur  mid)  {jefcetet,  SSater!  %d)\  rcie  ajucflid)  bin  id)\  $>ie 
©otter  fyoren  bein  @ebet.  Dber  roarum  rut>et  unfre  £utte  fo  ftd)er 
in  ben  r>on  ^rud)tcn  a,eboa,enen  2(ejten?  Oft;  wenn  bu  bet  meiner 
fdbiDachcn  £ora,e  fur  bie  SKube  beine?  marten  Alters  ftreubentljrdnen 
roeineff,  roenn  bu  bann  gen  £immet  b(icfefrf  unb  frcubig  mid)  fc<p 
nejf,  ad)l  wa5  empftnb'  id)  bann,  Safer!  ad)  bann  fd)wellt  tie 
35rufr,  unb  r)duft<]e  ^fyrdnen  quitlen  r-om  %lua,t.  £>a  bu  fyeut'  an 
meinem  5irm  aus  ber  §utte  rtjngeft;  an  ber  rodrmenben  eonne  bid) 
§u  erquiden,  unb  bie  frofye  £eerbc  urn  bid)  fyer  fafyefr,  unb  tic  2>dume 
r>oll  ftriicbte  ,  unb  bie  frucbtbare  ©ea,enb  umtyer  ,  ba  faattfr  bu : 
9J?eine  £aare  ftnb  unter  $-reuben  <jrau  worben.  Ceib  immer  flefea^ 
net,  ©efdbe!  nid)t  (ange  mefyr  wirb  mem  bunfember  QMirf  euct> 
burd)irren ;  bafb  werb'  id)  tud)  an  feligere  ©cfitte  r-erraufaVm  %ld) 
SSater!  befrer  $reunb!  brdb  rcerbe  id.)  bid)  wrlieren.  Srauriger 
©ebanfe !  2lct) !  bann  —  bann  roitl  id)  einen  2((tar  neben  bcin 
©rab  Ijinpffan^en ;  unb  bann,  fo  oft  ein  fetiger  Sao,  fommt,  tro  id) 
*ftotl)leibenben  ©utes  ttyun  fann,  batm  will  id),  33ater,  Sftttd)  unb 
QMumen  auf  bein  ©rabmat  frreu'ii. 

3efet  fdjwieg  er,  unb  fat)  mit  tl)rdnentem  2(ua/  auf  ben  ®rei§. 
3Bie  ertddietnb  ba  iki)t  unb  fd)(ummert!  fprad)  er  je&t  fdrtuctyenb : 
£$  ftnb  t>en  feinen  frommen  ^l)aten  im  $raum'  r-orfeine  (2tirne  aja 
friegen.  v2£ie  ber  SOionofdwn  fein  fafytes  fcauyt  befdwint,  unb  bin 
gfanjenfc  rceiffen  Q5art !  C  baf,  bk  fuljlen  2ibenbminbe  bir  nidtf  fd>a* 
ben,  unb  ber  fembte  tyaul  ^efet  fufct'  er  it)m  bk  etirne,  fanftitm  ju 
rcetfen,  unb  futyrt'  it;n  in  bie  £iitte,  urn  fanfter  auf  weid;en  ftellen 
511  fd)(ummern. 

®  e  j$  n  e  r. 


gtanceSco   granctcu 

(go  roie  bie  (£pod)e  be§  2Bieberaufleben£  ber  SBiffenfdwften  unb 
ber  ©elefyrfamfeit  bie  welumfaffenbjren,  aU  9J?enfd)en  merfmurbi^ 
fren,  unb  am  ©etjre  frdftigften  getefyrten  SOidnner  !)err>orbrad)te;  fo 
roarb  aud)  bk  ^eriobe,  ba  bie  i?unft  ber  fDialerei  au$  il)rer  (ange 
ruljenben  2ffct)e,  n)ie  ein  ^)3l)onir,  l;er»orijinij,  burd)  bie  erbabenjren  unb 
ebelfren  ffilamtx  in  ber  ^unft  be^eid)net.  €,k  ijt  ali  bag  mal)re 
Jpe  (be  natter  ber  ^unjr  anjufer)n,  unb  man  mod)te  (wie  Cfftan) 
feufjen,  baf3  bk  ^raft  unb  @ro|se  btefer  X;e(ben^it  nun  Don  ber  (5rbe 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  179 

entflofjen  ijr.  flSiefe  franben  an  t>te(en  Drten  auf,  unb  erfyo&en  fid) 
gan$  burd)  eujene  @tdtfej  il>r  Seben  unb  tyre  2trbeiten  fatten  ©e* 
n?id)tf  unb  waren  ber  sDhil)e  roertljf  in  ausful)rlid)en  @t)ronifetv  wie 
wir  fie  nod)  con  ben  Jpanben  bamatujer  33erel;rcr  ber  ^unji  befifcen, 
ber  9?ad)welt  aufbewafyrt  ju  werben ;  unb  tyr  @5eift  war  fo  efyrwur* 
bujf  ais  ee  uns  nod)  tyre  bdrtiam  Xpdupter  finb,  tie  wir  in  ben  fd)d|j= 
6aren  eammiuna,en  tyrer  S&iibniffe  mit  (2tyrfurd)t  6etrad)ten,  (B 
a,efd)af)en  unter  tynen  una,ewolmltd)e,  unb  tnelen  jefet  una,lau&lid)e 
£>ma,er  wed  ber  (£ntfyujta6mu$;  ber  jefjt  nur  wie  ein  fd)wad)e6  2dmp* 
d)en  ftimmerr,  in  jener  a,c(benen  Sett  alle  SOBeft  entjKammte.  i£>ie 
entartete  9?ad)fommenfd)aft  bejweifett  ober  belad)t  fo  mamte  be* 
watyrte  @efd)id)te  au§  biefen  3^iten  afl  $ftd()rd)en,  wed  ber  a,ottlid)e 
Junfen  ganj  au§  tyrer  ^ee(e  a,ewid)en  ijr. 

(Sine  ber  meifwurbta,fren  @5efd)td)ten  biefer  9(rt>  bie  id)  nie  ofyne 
^taunen  I;a6e  tefen  fonnen,  unb  bti  ber  mein  £er$  bod)  nie  in  23er* 
fudmna,  £U  jweifeln  gefutyrt  warb,  ijr  bie  @efd)id)te  eon  bem  tobe  beg 
a(ten  latere  $ra  nceSco  ftrancia,  we(d)er  ber  5(t)nl;err  unb 
©tamm&ater  ber  ^d)u(e  war,  bie  fid)  in  2>o(oa,na  unb  ber  Sombar* 
tti  btlbete, 

liefer  $rance§co  war  Don  germ$en  ^anbwerfsleuten  geboren, 
!>attc  fid)  aber  burd)  feinen  unermiiberen  ftleij?  unb  feinen  immer 
fymaufjrrebenben  ©et|l>  §u  bem  fyocbjren  @ipfel  be$  DCuljmeS  empor* 
gef bwunam.  3n  feiner  3u<jenb  war  er  juerjt  6ei  einem  ©oloars 
better^  unb  er  6ilbete  fo  fiinjHid)e  ©acfyen  in  @JolD  unb  ©tfber,  ba§  fie 
3eben,  ber  fie  fat),  in  (£rjTaunen  fe|ten.  2lud)  cjrub  er  (ange  Stit 
bie  ©tempet  (^u  alien  £>enfmun$enf  unb  alle  fturjfen  unb  £er(^oi)e 
fefeten  erne  (Styre  barein,  fid)  r-on  feinem  ©riffel  auf  tyren  SJcun^en 
abbilben  $u  iaffen.  <£)mn  es  war  bamate  nod)  tk  3eif>  ta  alle  s,X>or^ 
nel)men  be§  SanbeS  unb  alle  9J?trbura,er  ben  ^unirier  burd)  tyren 
(autfd)allenben  Q3eifa!l  jrotj  $u  mad)en  »ermocr)ten.  Unenblid)  uieie 
furjilid)e  ^erfonen  famen  burd)  Q5o(oa,naf  unb  yerfdumten  nid)tf  il;r 
Q5ittmiji  »on  ^rancc^co  jeid)neiv  unb  nad)l)er  in  detail  fd)neiben  unb 
prda,en  ju  (affen. 

5C6er  ^rance^co'g  ewia,  6eweg(iif)erf  feuriger  @eift  fire6te  nad) 
einem  neuen  $elbe  ber  %vbtitf  unb  je  mel)r  feine  Ijeiffe  (Jl)r6egierbe  §?* 
fattiget  warbf  bejro  ungebulbiger  warb  erf  fii.1)  dm  gan$  neue,  nod)  un^ 
6etretene  Q5al)n  (^um  9vui)ine  auf^ufd)liefecn.  <&d)on  t)ier(^  ja^re  a(t^ 
trat  er  in  bie  ©d^ranfen  einer  neuen  iftinjf  ?  er  ubte  fid)  mit  u:wetf 
jwing(id)er  ©ebulb  im^)infe(f  unb  mbtete  fein  ganjed  0^ad)benfen  auf 
ba$  ^tubium  ber  (^ompofitton  im  @vo§en  unb  be6  Sffefted  ber  Jar? 


180  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

fcen.  Unb  e$  roar  aufferorbentlid),  roie  fcfynett  e§  ifym  gefang,  2Berfe 
fyeruor  $u  brina,en,  tie  in  93ern?un&ecuna,  fefeten.  <5r  roarb  in  tec 
5^at  ein  r>or$ua,lid)er  Scaler;  tenn  roenn  er  aud)  metyrere  93titftrei* 
ter  fyatte,  unb  felbft  ter  a,otttid)e  9v  a  p  1>  a  e  I  ju  ter  Scit  in  9iom 
arbeitete,  fo  fonnte  man  immer  mit  9ied)t  aud)  feine  SBerfe  ju  ten 
Dorneljmjfen  red)nen.  2>enn  allerbina,5  ifi  tie  <Sd)onljeir  in  ter  ivunft 
nid)t  etwa6  fo  armes  unt  turftia,eev  taf;  e  i  n  e  §  ?Dienfd)en  Seben  fie 
erfd)opfen  fonnte;  unt  il;r  ^3reis  ift  fein  2oos,  tas  nur  aMn  auf 
einen  2tuserroal;lten  fdllt :  ityr  2id)t  jerfpaltet  fid)  »ieunel)r  in  tau* 
fent  ^tratylen,  teren  SBiterfdiein  auf  manni<}fad)e  2£eife  r-on  ten 
<u*of,en  ^unftlern,  tie  ter  £immel  auf  tie  SEBeft  gefe&t/  in  unfer  ente 
$ucfte6  2(ua,e  $urucf<jeworfen  rotrb. 

Francesco  lebte  aerate  unter  ter  erften  feneration  ter  et(en 
^unfrkrf  roelcbe  urn  fo  (jrofcere  unt  atla,emeinere  2(d)tun<}  ^enoffen, 
ta  fie  auf  ten  ^rummern  ter  Q5arbarei  ein  neueiv  ajdn^enbes  tKeid) 
a,runteten;  unt  in  ter  Sombartei  war  $erate  er  ter  <£tifter,  unb 
g(eid)fam  ber  crfrc  $urjr  biefer  neuge^runteten  Jperrfd)aft.  <2eine 
a,efd)id:te  Jpanb  r>ollentete  eine  un$dt)lbare  9Jtena,e  t>on  fyerrlicfyen  ®e* 
mdlten,  tie  nid)t  nur  turd)  tie  a,an$e  Sombartei,  (in  reenter  feine 
Ctatt  r-on  fid) nad)faa,en  laffen  rcollte,  &a§  fie  nid)t  rcenigftens  eine 
^>ro6e  feiner  Arbeit  befdjje,)  fontern  aud)  in  tie  antern  @ea,enten  t>on 
3ta(ien  cjin^enf  unt  alien  ^iugen,  tie  fo  cjlucf(id)  roaren,  fie  $u  be* 
rracbten,  feinen  SKufym  laut  r-erfuntia,ten.  £)ie  ^talienifcben  $uxt 
fren  unt  £erjoa,e  roaren  eiferfiid)ticv  filter  r-on  il)in  ju  befifcen;  unb 
ton  alien  eeiten  ftromten  tym  2obfprud)e  §u.  £>veifentc  r-erpflan^ 
ten  feinen  *ftamen  aller  Orten,  roo  fie  t)ina,elana,ten,  unt  ter  jVbmei* 
d)ell)afte  $3iberl)all  it)rer  9veten  tonte  in  fein  Dbr^urucf.  QSototmes 
fer,  tie  9Com  befud)tenr  priefen  i()ren  ttaterlantifcben  .ftunftler  tern 
9vapt)ae(f  unt  tiefer,  ter  aud)  einia/S  t>on  feinem  ^infel  a,efel)en  unb 
bercunbert  fyatte,  be$eua,te  tym  in  Q3riefenf  mit  ber  il)m  eia,entt)umlis 
d)en  fanften  Seutfelia,feitf  feine  2(d)tuna,  unt  3uneia,una,.  £>ie  <Scbrifte 
fteller  feiner  3^it  fonnten  fid)  nid)t  entt;attenf  fein  Sob  in  alle  it)re 
SOBerf'e  ein^ufledjten;  fie  rid)teten  tie  2(uam  ter  9?ad)n>e(t  auf  iim,  unb 
er^dtylen  mit  roid)tia,er  9J?iene,  ta£  er  roie  ein  @5ott  t-erefyrt  fei. 
<£iner  r-on.ifynen  iji  fii()n  (jenmv  ju  fd)reiben,  taf3  9iapl)ael,  auf  ttn 
2(nblid:  feiner  93Jatonnenf  tie  Xro<fenl)eitf  tie  il)m  nod)  t>on  tec 
@d)ule  c-on  ^erucjia  an#tfkbtf  uerlaffeiv  unt  einen  Qrofceven  «Stil 
ancjenommen  l)abe. 

5S3a§  fonnten  tiefe  vt)ieter!)olten  <Sd)ld^e  anter^  fur  eine  2Dirfun^ 
auf  bag  ©emutl;  unfer^  Jrance^co  l;abetv  at§  ^aft  fein  lebl)aftec 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  181 

©eift  fid)  ju  bem  efcefffcn  ^unfrlerfloty  emporfyctv  unb  er  an  ettttft 
t;tmmlifcben  @5eniu£  in  feittem  3nnern  §u  ajau6en  anpng.  2Bo 
ftnbet  man  nun  biefen  erfyaOenen  etolj?  2Bera,e0en6  fud)t  man  ttjit 
unter  ben  jfttnjttern unfrer  ,3eiten,  weld)e  wol;t  auf  ft ct>  eitet,  auer 
nid)t  frol$  auf  it; re  $unft  [tub. 

Ovapfyaet  war  ber  ©injigcf  btn  err-on  alien  itjm  gfeicfyjeitigen 
SOialern  allenfalB  fur  fetnen  9?eben6ul)ler  adten  (ieg.  (£r  war  in* 
bej?  nie  fo  ajiuf lich  a,ewefen,  ein  QMlb  yon  feiner  ipanb  ju  fefycn,  benn 
er  war  in  feinem  2e6en  nie  weir  Don  bologna  cjefommen.  £>od)  l;atte 
erf  nad)  t>ielen  S3efd)rei6una,enj  ftd>  in  ber  3bee  yon  ber  9J?anier  beS 
SKapfjael's  ein  fejieS  SBilb  a,emad)t,  unb  fid>  6efonberg  aucr;  buret) 
beffen  befdx'ibenen  unb  fefyr  a,efdlliam  $on  gegen  ifyn  in  fetnen  Okies 
fen,  feffc  66et$eugtf  baf?  eritym  in  ben  meiften  ^tucfen  g(eid)  fomme, 
unb  e5  in  eimgen  wol)l  nod)  wetter  a,e6rad)t  fyafce.  (geinem  fyofyen 
Stlter  war  eS  »or&el;alten>  mit  fetnen  eiijenen  5Cua,en  ein  $Bilb  t?on 
9vapl;ael  $u  fefyeru 

@anj  unerwartet  empfina,  er  einen  SBrief  son  ifym,  worin  jener 
ifym  bie  ;Wad)rid)t  ertfyetlte,  er  fyaOe  eOen  ein  $lltara,emdl)lbe  t>on  ber 
|et%en  @dctlta  t-otlenbet,  weldjeS  fur  bit  Riv&jt  beg  fyeiligen  3ol)ans 
ne»  ju  Q5olo<ma  BefJimmt  fei ;  unb  bafcei  fd)rie&  er,  er  werbe  bag 
(gtucE  an  tyn*  fetnen  ftreunb,  fenfcen,  unb  bat,  ba{j  er  il;m  ben  @e* 
fallen  erjeiam  mod)te,  eg  auf  feiner  ©telle  gefyorig  au^idjitn  $u  lafs 
fen,  aud)  wenn  eg  auf  ber  SKeife  ira,enbwo  Defd;dbia,t  fei,  ober  er  fonft 
fel&ji  ira,enb  ein  93crfef)en  ober  einen  $el)ler  wafyrndfyme,  alg  ftreunb 
§u  fceffern  unb  nad^ufyelfen.  liefer  Q3rief/  worin  ein  9v a p f)  at  i  tl;m 
ben  Spinfel  in  bit  ipdnbe  afihf  fefcte  ilm  auffer  fid)  fel&ffy  unb  er  fonnte 
bie  SCntunft  beg  35ilbeg  nid)t  erwarten.  (£r  wujste  nid)t,  wag  ifym 
6e»orftanb ! 

(£infi>  alg  er  nad)  einem  2(ugaaua,e  nad)  Jpaufe  fam,  eilten  feine 
€kl)uler  il)m  entc|e<jenf  unb  erjdl)lten  il)m  mit  ^ro|?er  ^reube,  t>a?>  ®t* 
mal)lbe  be6  9vapl>ul  fei  inbe|  anaff'ommenf  unb  fie  fatten  e§  fd)on 
in  ba$  fcr^onfre  2id)t  gefrettt.    ^ranceeco  ^urjte,  auffer  ftd>  l)inein. — 

^C6er  wit  foil  id)  ber  Ijeutigen  SBett  bie  ^mpfinbun^en  fd)ilbernf 
bie  ber  aufferorbentlid)e  SKann  fein  SnnereS  jerreiffen  ful)lte.  (^g 
war  iljmr  wie  (£inem  fein  muf5te;  ber  feinen  feit  feiner  ^inbfyeit  an 
»on  ifym  entfernten  Q3ruber  umarmen  wollte,  unb  fratt  beffen  einen 
Sngel  be^  giefjtS  t>or  feinen  SCugen  erOlicfte.  €etn  3nnere6  war 
burc^6ot)rtj  th  war  il;mf  alS  fdnfe  er  in  t-oller  Serrnirfdjuno,  feineg 
Jper$en$  t>or  einem  l)ol)ern  CSefen  in  bit  -ftniee. 

Q5om  Conner  o,erul;rt  fianb  er  ba ;  unb  feine  €d;uler  brdn^ten  fid) 
Q 


182  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE   STUDY 

Urn  bcrt  aften  9J*ann  fyerum,  tmb  l)te(ten  tyn,  fraa,ten  tyn/roag  tyn 
Befallen  l;abe?  unb  roufcten  nidjt,  voas  fie  fcenfen  fctften. 

£r  Ijatte  ftct)  etroag  erbctf,  tint  jtorrte  immerfort  bag  uber  atteS 
gSttlidje  Q3ilb  an.  tSMe  roar  er  auf  etnmal  wta  feiner  Jpet>c  l)eraba,e* 
fallen !  2£ie  frf>it>cr  mufete  er  tie  Siinbe  buffen,  ftcb  all$u  oermef* 
fen  big  an  bie  Sterne  ertycben,  unb  per)  el^rfiubtig  ii6cr  tyn,  ben  un* 
nad)al)mlicben  SXapfyael,  gefefct  ju  tyaben.  £r  fcr)fua,  pdb  t>cr  feinen 
grauen  &opj>  unb  roeinte  bitterer  fd)mer$enbe  %[)tanmf  bafs  er  fein 
Seben  mit  eitefm,  efyra^ianrt  Scfyroeiffe  oerbrad)t,  unb  fid)  babei  nur 
immer  tfyoridbter  gemad)t  tyabt,  unb  nun  enblid)  auf  fein  o,anjeg 
Sebcn  att  auf  ein  elenbeg,  unr-ottenbetes  Stumperroerr5  junicffeljen 
muffe.  (£r  fyob  mit  bem  erfyobenen  SCntlife  ber  tyeilicjen  Qacilia  and) 
feine  Q31icfe  empor,  jeic]te  bem  Jpimmet  fein  rounbeg,  reuses  Jper^ 
unb  Utm  ^ebemutl)i(]t  urn  SSero/buna,. 

£r  fitylte  per)  fo  fcbroad),  baf,  feine  ScfyiUer  tyn  ju  $>ett  brina,en 
mukten.  Q3eim  Jperaugadjen  aus  bem  Simmer,  fiefen  tym  cinicje  feis 
ner  ©emdtylbe,  unb  befonberg  feine  fterbenbe  (Sdcilia,  rt>elci;e  nod;  ba 
fjina,,  in  tk  2(ua,en;  unb  er  oerajna,  fajt  oor  Stfymerj, 

23on  berS^tt  an  roar  fein  ©emutfy  in  6ejrdnbia,er  SSerroirruna,,  unb 
man  bemerfre  fajr  immer  eine  geroijje  2(broefeityeit  be6  ©eifreg  bet 
tym.  2>ie  ©cr)roddr;en  beg  Alters  unb  tk  (Srmattuna,  tee  @eif&$f 
roe(ct)er  fo  famje  in  immer  awjejrremjter  $l;dtigfeit  bei  ber  Scfycpfung 
tton  fo  raufenberfei  ©efrafren  tydtia,  geroefen  roar,  rraten  l;tn5uf  urn 
ba§  Jpaus  feiner  Seele  oon  @5runb  aug  ju  erfdnittern.  9CUe  bie  unenbs 
fid)  mattnigfaftinen  Q3ilbuna,en,  bk  fid)  in  feinem  materifdben  Sinn 
beroea,t  fatten,  unb  in  ftarben  unb  Sinien  auf  getnroanb  jar  2Birfe 
lid)feit  iibera,ea,anam  roaren,  fityren  je|t,  mitoer^errten  Sugen,  burd) 
feine  Seek*  unb  roaren  bie  <}Maa,ea,eifter,  bie  tyn  in  feiner  ftiebertytfce 
dnajtigten.  <£l;e  feine  Stt)uler  eg  per)  oerfafyen,  fanben  fie  tyn  tobt 
im  Q3ett  liegen. — 

So  roarb  biefer  93*  arm  erft  baburd)  retyt  o,r  0  f,  t  baf,  er  fid)  fo  Fteitt 
gegen  ben  t)imm(ifd)en  9vapl)ael  ful^lte.  %nd)  l)atte  il)n  ber  ©eniug 
ber  ^unfl  Idngfr  [)tiii<\  a,efprod)en,  unb  fein  ^aupt  mit  bem  etrafyfens 
freig  umgeben,  ber  tym  alg  einem  dd)ten  SDiartnrer  beg  iftmjtentyu* 
ftagmug  ge6ul)rt. — 

JDie  obige  (Jr^d^ung  oon  bem  $obe  beg  ^-rancegco  ^-rancia  f)at 
ung  ber  alte  Safari  uberliefert;  in  roeld)em  ber  ©eiji  ber  Urodter 
ber  ^unfl  noty  roe^te. 

2B  a  rf  e  n  r  0  b  e  r. 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE*  183 


S)  i  e  23  v  u  b  e  r* 

3n  ber  CRd^e  Don  33aa,bab  tebten  Omar  unb  5DZ  a  d)  m  u  b, 
tie  <2ofme  einer  armen  ftamilie.  2(16  ber  SSater  frarb,  erbten  fie 
nur  tin  fleine^  2Sermoa,em  unb  jeber  eon  ilmen  6efcr)Iojj  ^u  eerfucben, 
mie  fycd)  er  bamit  fern  &IM  brinam  forme,  Omar  50^  fort;  urn 
eine  fieine  SKetfe  $u  madxm  unb  ben  Ort  $u  finben,  wo  er  pcf)  nie* 
berhflert  rootfe.  Sftacfymub  6e<ja6  ficb  mub  53<r0bab,  mo  er  einen 
freinen  £anbel  anfiwj,  bet  in  turner  3dt  fein  IBermogen  urn  em  Wn* 
fcl)n(ichc5  eetmd)rte.  Ctr  lebte  fcl>r  fparfam  unb  eincje^en,  unb 
famme(te  fotgfaftig  jebe  .Sabine  jU  feimm  J?apitafe,  urn  mit  ciefem 
wiebct  etwag  9fciie0  $u  unternelmten.  2(uf  ttcfe  9Xrt  bet\im  er  bet 
met)reren  reid)en  .^aufleuten  Srebit/  bie  tym  $umei(en  einen  $!jeil 
ber^d)irTfrad)t  abtraten  unb  gemeinf^aftlidje  @pefulatiown  mit  il;m 
uerfurf?ten.  £>urd)  mieberl;o(tes  QftM  marb  93*  ad) mub  breijrer, 
er  wagtt  Qrojjttt  <£ummen,  unb  fie  brad)ten  ifym  jebesmat  reid)(icr;e 
Sinfen.  9lad)  unb  nacr)  marb  er  befannter,  feine  @efd)dfte  murben 
grower,  er  Ijattt  bet  eielen  Seuten  €ummen  ausfrefyen,  fo  mie  er  eon 
IkUn  5Xnbern  (Uelber  in  ben  £dnben  fyatte,  unb  ba$  ©lutf  fd)ien  il;m 
befrdnbia,  ju  (dcfyctn.  Omar  mar  im  @ea,entl;eif  ungjucf  fid?  Qemefen, 
feiner  eon  feinen  t>te(en  9Serfud)en  mar  tfym  adunam;  er  fam  je|t 
ganj  arm,  fajt  otme  £(eiber,  nacr;  Q3aa,bab,  fyorte  eon  feinem 
feruber  unb  ama,  ^u  tym,  urn  eon  fyrtt  Jpiilfe  $u  fmben.  SQl  a  d)* 
mub  freute  fid>  feinen  Q5ruber  mieber  $u  fetyen,  bef(aa,te  aber  feine 
2(rmutlj.  £>a  er  fel;r  gutmut^  unb  roeief)  mar;  c\ab  er  ilmi  foajeict; 
cine  ^umrne  au3  feiner  £anblun<v  unb  rid)tete  i(;m  baeon  aud)  einen 
SJaben  em.  Omar  fina,  an  mit  ^eibenmaaren  unb  .ftleibern  fur 
Sfrauen  ju  Ijanbeln,  unb  ta$  £d)icffat  fd)ien  iljm  in  33  a  9b  a b 
a,unftia,er,  fein  QSrubcr  tyittt  il;m  bie  eumme  @e(b  c\efd)cnftf  unb  er 
l>ute  batyt  nidu  nott)ia,>  fid)  mec]en  ber  ^Bieberbc^aljlun^  ju  dn^i^ 
gjjtt*  <5r  mar  in  alien  Unternel)muncjen  unbefonnener  aI6  fein  £>rus 
ber,  unb  e6en  bef,mea,en  c]lucf(id)er;  93Zad)mub  ^atte  fid}  nun  eine 
©attin  fttmatyif  bit  if;n  §u  matubem  2Cufmanbe  nett)i(^te,  ben  er  big 
ba(;tn  nidit  (]emad)t  fyatte  j  er  muf3te  t)0«  feinen  Q5et'annten  €um* 
men  aufnet;men,  urn  edmlben  5U  6e§ar){ert.  5(nbre  @e(ber,  tk  er 
ermartet  t;atte,  bltcbcn  au$r  fein  ^"rebit  fanfr  unb  er  mar  ber  s£er* 
jmeifluna,  nal;ef  alt  er  tk  9?adirid)t  er!;ie(t,  baf,  ein§  eon  feinen 
<2d)iffen'untera,ea,ana,en  feif  ol;ne  baf,  man  ba§  ©ertngfte  I;dttc  ret* 
tenfonnen:    je|t  melbete  fid}  ein  ©(dubiger,  ber  brincjenb  tk  Qto 


184  INTRODUCTION    TO    THE    STUDY 

$af;hmg  feiner  <2d)idb  t>er(angte.  9ft ad)mub  fa!)  ein,  bafj  an  bie^ 
fer  Q5e(}al)(una,  fein  ganjeS  nod)  ii&ria,es  @tucf  tydwje;  er  6efd)tof$  atfo 
feine  3ujTud)t  $u  feinem  25ruber  $u  neljmen.  @r  cilte  §u  ifym,  unb 
fanb  ifyn  fd;r  tterbrujjlid),  n>ei(  er  gerabe  einen  fteinen  SSerluft  erlitten 
fyatte.  —  Qmtber,  teqann  9)t  a  d)  m  u  b  ,  id)  f ommc  in  bee  dufferfien 
SSertegenfyeit  mil  einer  Q3iltc  5U  bir. 

Omar,  <2ie  fcetrifft? 

93*  a  d)  m  u  b.  93?etn  <2d)iff  tjr  a,efd)eitert,  atle  @51dubia,er  brdnam 
mid)  unb  gotten  &on  feinem  2(uffcr;u6  roiffen^  mein  $an$es  ®m<* 
fydngt  r-on  biefem  %a§t  a&,  (eil;e  mir  nur  auf  fur^e  3*it  $el)ntaufenb 
Secfyinen. 

Omar,  S^ntaufenb  Seamen?  —  £>u  *>erfprid)ft  bid)  bocr) 
nicf)tf  33ruber? 

9H a d) m u b.  9?ctnf  Omar,  id)  fenne  bie  ^umrne  red)t  gut; 
bie  id)  forbre,  unb  nur  gerabe  fo  mel,  nicr)t  eine  ,3^d)ine  reenter,  fann 
micr;  r-on  ber  fcr)tmpflid)jren  Vixmutl)  retten. 

Omar.  3  tt)  n t a  u  f  e  n  b  .3 c  d)  i  n e  n  ? 

S>3*  a  d)  m  u  b.  @ie&  fie  mir,  35ruber,  id?  mitt  atteS  anroenben,  fie 
bir  in  ^ur^em  roieber  $u  erftatten. 

Omar*  2£er  fie  \jatti  I  —  mir  finb  <Sd)ulben  au§a,e6tie6en,  — 
id)  roeijj  fe(6ft  nid)t,  roa§  id)  anfangen  foil,  —  man  \)at  mid)  nod) 
fyeut  erft  urn  fyunbert  3ed)tnen  fcetrogen. 

93*ad)mub.  £)ein  Srebit  wirb  mir  biefe  (Sumrne  r>evfd)affen 
fonnen. 

Omar.  2(6er  Oftemanb  will  ©e(b  ausleifyen,  93?if,trauen  r-on 
atten  ©eitettj  ntdjt  icf)  6in  mif3trauifd),  ba$  roeifj  ber  ^im* 
met!  —  a6er  e§  wurbe  ^cbermann  r-ermuttyen,  bafc  id)  ba$  @elb 
fur  bid)  t>er(ana,e,  unb  bu  VDcijst felbft  am  Oejren,  an  rcie  fd)n>ad;en 
$dben  oft  ba$  Sutrauen  fyangt,  ka$  man  $u  einem  ^aufmanne  fyar. 

9Dtad)mub.  Siefcer  Omar,  id)  mufj  bir  gefrdjen,  id)  \yattt  biefe 
Q3ebenflid)feit  nid)t  t>on  bir  r-ermutfyet.  3d)  umrbe  mid)  in  umge* 
fefyrtem  $atte  nid)t  fo  argrootynifd)  unb  faumfdtg  finben  laffen. 

Omar.  $>a$  fagft  t>u  yifyt.  %ud)  bin  id)  gar  nid)t  argroe!;* 
nifct)  —  id)tt)ottte,  id)  fonnte  bir  fyetfen;  <55ett  ijl  mein  3eua,e,  bajj 
c^  mict;  freuen  njurbe. 

9J*ad)mub,  2)u  f'annft  t$t  wenn  tu  nur  roittfr. 

Omar.  5(tte^  roaS  id)  6eft|e,  «)urbe  bie  »erlanc|te  ©ummc  nod) 
nict)t  t)ottmad)en. 

931  a  d)  m  u  b.  O  §immel !  k^  fyatte  mir  einen  SSorwurf  barau^ 
0emad)t,  bajj  mein  55vuber  nid)t  ber  (Srfre  war,  6ei  bem  ic^  ^ulfe 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  185 

fud)te,  —  unb  roafyrlid)  c6  fibmer$t  mid>  baf,  id)  ifym  aucr)  nur  mit 
(£inem  2£orte  jur  gaft  a/fallen  bin. 

Omar.  £>u  roirjl:  fcofe;  t>as  follteft  bu  nid)t,  benn  tu  fyafl  un* 
recbt. 

9J?ad)mub.  Unred)t?  —  2Ber  t?on  un$  Ceiben  tfjut  nid;t  feinc 
tyfiidjt?  —  %d),  55ruber,  id)  ferine  bid)  nid)t  roieber. 

Omar.  3d)  f)a(>e  erjr  I)eute  fyunbert  3ed)ineneina,e&uJ3t,  breifyun* 
bert  anbere  jtefm  mir  aud)  a,ar  nid)t  ftd)et>  unb  id)  muf,  mid)  auf 
tfyren  2>ermft  (jefafct  macfyen.  —  3£drjr  bu  in  ber  yori<)en  2Bod)e  $u 
mir  gef'ommenf  o — \a,  ba  fyerjlid)  cjern. — 

93?ad)mub.  ^oll  id)  bid)  benn  an  unfre  d)ema(ia,e  $reunbfd)aft 
erinnern? — 2£d>  rote  tief  fann  uns  ba$  Unajiitf  erniebriam! 

Omar.  £>u  fprid)jt  ba  auf  eine  2Crt>  Q3rubei>  t>te  mid)  fajr  fce(ei* 
bitjen  follte. 

9Jc  a  d)  m  u  b.  £>id)  fcefeibiam  ?  — 

Omar,  ^enn  man  alles  fBlbafify  tyut, —  rr>enn  man  fetofr 
leibet  unb  furd)ten  mujs,  nod)  metyr  ju  uerlieren;  —  foil  man  ba 
nicfyt  gef'ranft  roerben,  roenn  man  fur  feinen  cjuten  2£illen  nid)t$  alS 
bittern  Sport,  tiefe  QSerad)tuna,  jururf  empfdncjt? 

9Jcad)mub.  S^ige  mir  beinen  cmten  2£itten,  unb  bu  fottjt  mei* 
nen  rodrmjren  2)anf  empfangen. 

Omar.  3rr>eiji(e  nid)t  lander  baran,  ober  bu  fcrinajr  mid)  auf;  id) 
fcfeik  (ana,e  fait,  iti)  fann  t>ie(  ertraa,en,  after  roenn  man  mid)  auf 
fold)e  au?a,efud)te  2(rt   f'rdnft  — 

$)l  a  d)  m  u  b.  3d)  merfe  e$  recr)t  cjut,  Omar,  baf,  bu  ben  Q3e* 
(eibi\]ten  fpieljr,  urn  einen  6effern  SSorroanb  $u  fyaoen,  Dotlia,  mit  mir 
ju  6recr;en. 

Omar.  £>u  rourbefi  nid)t  auf  biefen  ©ebanfen  fommen,  rr-enn 
bu  bid)  nid)t  auf  fold)en  ^(einiafriten  tvtapipt  fydtteft.  £>  i  e  £after 
ara,roef)nt  man  t>on  anbern  am  leid)tefren,  mit  benen  man  felbjt  am 
meiften  t-ertraut  iff. 

93Zad)mub.  ftein,  Omar,  tt>ei(  bu  micr)  bod)  burd)  biefe 
<&prad)e  jum  ^ral)(en  auffcrberfr,  id)  fyanbelte  nid)t  fo  cjeam  bid), 
olS  bu,  tin  unfcef'annter  ftremblina,,  nad)  ^Ba(]bab  famfr. 

Omar.  2tlfo  fur  bie  ftinffnmbert  3ed)inen,  bit  bu  mir  bamate 
cjabfr^  t)er(ana,jt  bu  jeft  t>on  mir  jefyntaufenb  ? 

93Ud)mub.  £dtV  id)'S  t>ermod)t,  id)  f)dtte  bir  bamafS  mefyr  $l* 
(jcfcen. 

Omar.  $rei(id>  roenn  bu  e6  wrlanajr,  muf,  id)  bir  bie  funffyun* 
bert  Beinen  ^urucf  afiiu,  06  bu  e3  ^letdr>  nid)t  geric^tlic^  erroeifen 
fannfr.  Q  2 


186  INTRODUCTION   TO   THE    STUDY 

Sftacfymub.  2td>  mem  Q^ruber! — 

Omar.  3d)  wilt  fie  tk  fdjicfen. —  Srroarteft  tu  feme  QStiefe 
t>on  ^erften? 

SJSftadjmub.  3d)  erroarte  nid>t^  mefyr. 

Omar.  2Cufiid)tia,;  QSruber,  bu  Ijdttejr  btcf>  etn>a§  mefyr  einfcfyrdn* 
fen  follen,  aud)  nid)t  \)titati)inr  rote  id)  e6  6i3  jefct  nod)  immer  un* 
terlaffen  fya&e ;  after  bu  rcarjt  r-on  ^inbfyeit  an  ein  reenia,  unbefcn* 
nen.    Safe  bir  fcas  $ur  SBSarnuna,  bienen. 

9ft  a  d)  m  u  b.  $>u  fyattejr  ein  SCecfyt,  mir  bie  yerlana,te  ©efdttigfeit 
$u  tterroettjern,  aber  nid)t  baju>  mir  fo  bittere  SSorrourfe  $u  macijen. 

SOta  d)  m  u  b  t-erliefj  mit  tiefgertifyrtem  Jjerjen  feinen  unbanfbaren 
93ruber. —  Co  if*  e§  benn  roafyr,  riefer  autv  bafs  nut*  ®eu>innfud)t 
bie  ©eele  beg  9JJenfd)en  ijt !  —  *ftur  fie  felbft  finb  ifyr  etfter  unb  fe$tet 
©ebanfel  fur  ©elb  r-erfaufen  fie  %reue  unb  Siebe,  ftoffen  bie  fd)cnftm 
©efiifyle  t>on  ftct>  rcea,,  urn  bag  ntd)tsrourbige  detail  m  befifcen, 
bag  ung  mit  fd)dnblid)en  fteffetn  an  bie  f$mu|ige  £rbc  fettet  1  — 
£ia,ennu|  ijt  bie  .ftlippe,  an  bee  jebe  ftreunbfdjaft  jetfc/etttf —  bie 
£0?enfd)en  finb  ein  tjerroorfenee  ®efd)(ed)t ! —  3d)  t;aOe  feine  ftreunhv 
feinen  Q3rubei*  gefanntr  nur  mit  3?aufl.euten  bin  id)  uma,ea,ana,en. 
3d)  %t)0Vf  bafs  id)  t>on  Siebe  unb  9)ienfd)enfreunblid)feit  $u  tynen 
fprad)!  nur  ©elbftutfe  muft  man  mit  ttynen  wed)feln! 

(£r  mad)te  etnen  Umvueo/  c!>e  er  nad)  £aufe  gimv  urn  feinen 
@d)mer$  ein  roenia,  erfaltenju  laffen,  &t  roeinte,  ale  er  b>\$  tobenbe 
9D*arfta,eroul)l  fa!),  n?ie  Sebermann  ajeid)  ben  Stmeifen  befd)dftia,t 
roao  in  feine  bumpfe  SOSofynuna,  ein$utraa,en,  n)ie  feiner  fid)  urn  ben 
Stnbem  fummerte,  att  nur  roenn  er  mit  feinem  ©ercinn  jufammen* 
fyina,,  atte  burd)einanber  laufenb,  fo  emppnbumjsloSf  roie  3al)len  — 
<£r  ama,  trojtlog  nad)  £aufe. 

©ein  ©djmerj  wrmefyrte  fid)  l)ier ;  er  fanb  bie  fiwfljunberr  3e<$* 
nen,  bie  er  feinem  Q3ruber  einjr  mit  bem  beften  2Bol;lrc-otlen  gegr* 
ben  fyatte ;  fie  roaren  balb  eine  Q3eute  ber  fturmenben  @ldubia,er. 
2(lleg,  wag  er  befafr  roarb  offentlid)  oerfauft;  eineg  feiner  ©djiffe 
lief  in  ben  Qaftn,  a6er  bie  Sabung  biente  nurf  um  atte  feine  €d)u(ben 
ju  6e$af)len.  5(rm;  roie  ber  Q3ettleo  r>erlie§  er  bie  €tabtf  ol;ne  doc 
bem  Jpaufe  feine6  l)artl)er^en  SBruberS  »oru6erjugel)en. 

©eine  ©attinf  bie  \\)n  in  fein  ^(enb  6egleitetef  trojrete  tyn  unb 
fuc^te  feinen  Summer  §u  jerfireuen ;  a6er  eg  adana,  il)r  nur  roenitv 
bag  %nUnhn  feineg  Un^tucfg  war  nod)  $u  frifd)  in  9}Zad)mubg 
©ebdcfytnifsf  er  fa!)  nocr;  immer  bie  $I;urme  ber  ©tabt  oor  fid>  in 
ber  fein  33ruber  roofynte,  ber  fait  unb  ungerul)rt  6ei  feinem  Uncjtucfe 
^eblieben  war. 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  187 

Omar  fraa,te  Ocienunb  nad)  feinem  33rubet>  urn  ilm  md)t  be* 
mitteiben  ju  burfen,  er  bitbete  [id)  tin,  e§  fonne  t>ietleicf>t  nod)  aUe6 
gut  a,egana,en  fein.  ^nbeffen  fyatte  fein  ^rebit  bod)  aud)  burd)  feinen 
Q3ruber  aditten,  man  warb  mif3trautfd)er  fleam  ifyn,  unb  mefyrere 
&\mfleute  oertrauten  iljm  nid)t  mit  ber  2eid)tia,feit  ifyre  ©elber  wie 
ebemaB.  3>a$u  fam  nod),  bag  Omar  je|t  fefyr  o>t\$$,  unb  auf 
fein  erworbenes  ^ermcam  ftol^  wart,  fo  bag  er  fid)  r-iele  $einbe 
mad)tef  bie  fid)  freueten,  wenn  er  ira,enb  einen  Scfyaben  tttt. 

(£$  fd)ien,  ate  wenn  ba$  23ed)dnanif5  feine  Unbanfbarfeit  $eam 
feinen  35ruber  bejirafen  wotte,  benn  £in  SSeduft  folate  in  fur^er  %iit 
auf  ben  anbern.  O  m  a  r ,  ber  gem  ba$  SSerforne  fcfynett  wieber  er* 
lana,en  wotlte,  waa,te  a,rof3ere  eummen,  unb  aud)  biefe  a,ina,en  t>ers 
(eren.  £r  fyorte  auf,  ©elber,  tie  er  fd)u(bia,  war,  §u  be$al)len,  bag 
9J?if,trauen  ge^en  it>n  warb  a(lo,emetn,  aile  @ldubia,er  melbeten  fid) 
$u  flteicfyer  Sett;  Omar  fannte  D^iemanb,  ber  it)m  auS  biefer  2?er* 
(ea,ent)eit  wiirbe  tyetfen  wollen ;  er  fal)  feinen  anbern  2(u£wea,  yor  fid), 
tt!6  in  ber  &acfyt  beimlid)  bie  Stabt  311  Dedaffen,  unt  $u  oerfud)enf 
ob  il)m  ba$  @(ud  in  einer  anbern  Q5ea/nb  aunfriijer  fein  wuvbe.  — 

3)a§  ffeine  SSermcam,  bat>  er  nod)  mit  fid)  fyatte  nel)men  fonnen, 
war  ba(b  uerje.tyrr.  Ceine  Unrul)e  roud)i  in  eben  bem  @5rabe,  aH 
fein  @e(b  abnafym ;  er  fat)  ber  brudenbjren  5(rmutl)  enta,ea,en,  — 
unb  bod)  feinen  SCuSweg  il)r  5U  entftietyen. 

(So  war  er  bi£  an  bie  ^erfifd^e  ©renje  cjewanbert.  (£r  tyatte  nun 
atfee  @5elb,  bis  auf  brei  fleine  Sftiinjen  au«a,ea,eben,  tk  a,erabe  nur 
nod)  t>im*eid)ten/  urn  ein^benbeffm  in  einer  (Sarawanferei  ju  be? 
§al)(en;  er  futylte  £una,er,  unb  ba  fid)  tk  Sonne  fd)on  511  neiam 
anfina,,  eilte  er,  urn  einen  ,3uflud)t6ort  ^u  erreid)en,  in  welcfyem  er 
nod)  in  biefer  9lafyt,  wetteid)tin  ber  lefcten,  TfivfotQtn  fonne. 

2£ie  umjlucfud)  bin  id)!  fprad)  er  $u  fid)  felbjr.  52Bic  »erfo(<jt 
mid)  bag  Sd)icffal  unb  forbert  mein  Slenb,  vozldjt  fd)recflid)e  Wuis 
fid)t  croffnct  fid)  mir !  —  3d)  wttU  t>on  ben  2Umofen  mitteibi<\ec 
<gee(en  ieben  muffen^  e$  ertra^en  muffen^  wenn  man  mid)  t)erl)o()* 
nenb  abweiftf  nid)t  murren  burfen^  wenn  ber  23erfd)wenber  fred)  von 
uber  <jel)tf  mid)  feine  §  2(nblicB  wurbigt/  unb  l)unbert  ©olbjrucfe  fur 
eine  elenbe  ©pieterci  oerfd)leubert.  —  O  3Crmut^  wie  fannjt  bu  ben 
50Jenfd)en  erniebrtatn  1  —  wie  una/eid)  unb  una,ered)t  tyiilt  1>a$  @(ucf 
feine  <gd)d|e  au$.  SS  fct>uttet  feinen  $an$en  Oieic^tI)um  uber  ben 
Sajtert^aftenf  unb  ldf3t  ben  5:ugenbl)aften  ^)unger^  fterben. 

S)ie  ^elfenr  bie  O  m  a  r  uberftieg,  marten  ifyn  miibe^  er  fe|te  fid) 
auf  eine  SKafenerfyofyung  unb  ru!)te  au%.  2)a  fd>teppte  fidt)  an  ^riU 
(fen  ein  Settler  »or  tl)m  ooruber  unb  murmette  eine  um>erfrdnblid)e 


188  INTRODUCTION    TO   THE   STUDY 

Q5itte  5  er  roar  jerfumpt  unb  a&o,e$el)rt,  fein  fcrennenbe*  2(ua,e  flanb 
ttef  tm  tfopfe,  unb  feine  fcleute  ©eflalt  jerfcbnitt  bag  £er$  unb  jroang 
e§  $um  SDKtlribeiu  £>ie  Stufmerffamfett  OmarS  roarb  auf  biefen 
©egenjranb  beS  2(6fd)eu$  adenft,  ber  murmelnb  feine  biirre  ipanb 
nact)  il;m  ausjh-ecfte.  (*r  fraaje  nad)  bem  Stamen  bee  93ett(erfv 
unb  fcemerfte  je|t,  baf,  biefer  Ungtucfticfye  and)  tanb  unb  frumm  fei. 

O  rt>ie  unausfpred)lid)  ajucftid)  bin  id) !  rief  er  au?v  —  unb  id) 
ftacje  nod)?  SGBacum  fann  id)  nid)t  arbeiten; —  roarum  nid)t  burd) 
&a8  3Berf  meiner  Xpdnbe  meine  33eburfniffe  erroerben?  SfBie  a,ern 
rt)iti-be  biefer  (£(enbe  mit  mir  taufd)en  unb  fid)  ajutfiid)  preifen !  3d) 
Din  unbanfbar  geam  ben  £imme(. 

QSort  einem  plo|lid)en  SDiitleiben  ergriffen,  jog  er  bie  leften  (gilbert 
mun^en  au§  ber  $af$e  unb  <jaO  fie  bem  ifeetttcr^  ber  nad)  einem 
ftummen  2>anfe  feinen  2£ea,  fortfefcte. 

Omar  fiiljlte  fid)  aufferorbentlid)  leid)t  unb  froty,  bie  ©ottfyeit 
fyatte  il)m  gleicfyfam  em  Q5t(b  r-orgefyalten,  nMe  elenb  ber  93?enfd)  fein 
fonne,  urn  il;n  $u  6e(etjren.  £r  fufylte  je|t  ^raft  in  fid),  bie  2(r* 
mutl)  §u  erbulben  unb  burd)  feine  $l)dtiaftit  roieber  afyuroerfen.  £r 
mad)te  <)Mdne,  vine  er  fid)  erndl)i*en  rc>ottte,  unb  rcmnfd)te  nur  cine 
©clegenfyett  fyerbei,  urn  $u  jeigen,  roie  fleiffia,  cr  fein  fonne.  (£r  l>atte 
nad)  feincm  eblen  SDtttleiben  gegen  t>m  Settler/  nad)  ber  ft-reigebigfeit/ 
mit  bem  er  ifym  fein  a,an^e§  ubria,e§  23ermcam  fymgegeben  tyatttr  cine 
(Smpfinbuwj,  roie  cr  fie  6t^  bafyin  nod)  nid)t  gefannt  t>atte. 

(Jin  freiler  Stfc  jranb  an  feiner  Seite,  unb  Omar  bejtiea,  il;n  mit 
(eid)tem  Spcv^nf  urn  tk  ©egenb  $u  uberfd)auenf  bie  ber  Untergana, 
ber  ©onne  r>erfd)onerte.  Ctr  fat)  fyier  ju  feinen  $uffen  gelaaat  bie 
fd)one  SOBelt  mit  iljren  frifd)en  (£benen  unb  maje|idtifd)cn  Q3ergen/ 
mit  ben  bunfem  SfiBalbern  unb  votl)a,(dn$enben  (gtromen/  uber  alteS 
t>a$>  golbene  %li%  beg  9X6enbrotI)§  ausgefpannt;  unb  cr  ful;(te  fid) 
rote  cin  $urjr/  ber  attes  bk$  befyerrfefye/  unb  ben  Q5er$en/  2Bdlbern 
unb  (gtromen  gebiete. 

(Sr  fag  oben  auf  ber  $e(fenfpi|e  in  bem  SCnfcfyauen  ber  @5ea,enb  r-er* 
funfen.  (£r  befcl;lo§  l)ier  ben  SCufcjana,  bes  93^onb6  at^uwarten  unb 
feine  Oveife  fort^ufefeen. 

2)ag  5(6enbrotl)  rerfanf  unt>  ^dmmerung  fiel  au3  ben  5S5olfen 
nieber/  i()r  folate  6a(b  bie  finftre  -Wadr;t  —  ^Dic  Sterne  flimmerten 
am  bunfelbtauen  ©en>oibcr  unb  tk  S*rbe  rufyte  unb  fdiwieg  in  ciner 
feierlid)cn  etide.  Omar  fal)  mit  jtarren 2£ugen  in  tk  ftnjiere  9?ad)t 
t)intinr  unb  fein  %u$t  r-erlor  fid)  fdwinbelnb  in  bie  unenbu'efye 
3al)l  ber  (gternc,  cr  Utztt  an  tk  dJlajtftat  ©ottcg  unb  fut;lte  tyifyt 
<Bd)amx  turcf)  feine  ^eele  §ie()en. 


OP  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  189 

£)a  roar'§  ale  roenn  fid)  ein  2id)tftrat)I  am  fernen  ^orijont  ert)o6e, 
6tau(eud)tenb  jog  er  empor  unb  ndtyerte  ftch  roic  ein  a,ldnjenbe£  $euer 
bem  OJiittetpuiute  bed  XpimmeB.  £>ie  Sterne  traten  mit  fcleiefyem 
Sidjt  juritcf>  unt)  roie  ein  2£ieberfet)ein  be?>  SKorgmS  fttmmerte  e£ 
buret;  ben  ganjen  ipimmet  unb  recmete  in  jartenr  rotfybdmmernben 
Strain  fyerab. —  Omar  erftaunte  u&er  bie  rounberbare  (£rfd)ei* 
nunej  unb  enjokte  fid)  an  bem  fd;onen  unb  fettfamen  2id)te :  bie  2£dts 
ber  unb  Q3era,e  umtyer  funfrtten,  bie  fernen  2Botfen  fd)roammen  in 
btaffem  ^urpur;  roie  ein  $otbcnes  ©e^ett  rootbte  fid)  ber  ©d)ein  uber 
Omar  jufammen. 

Cei  mira,ea,ruf,t,  (Sbter,  9ftitteibicjerf  ^ucjenbfyafterf  rief  etne  ftiffe 
<Stimme  »on  o&en  fyerab,  bu  erbarmeft  bid)  be£  (Stents  unb  ber  §err 
fiefyt  mit  2BoI;(<}efatfen  auf  bid)  fyerab. 

2£ie  fttotentcme  fdufelten  bk  2Cinbe  ber  9?ad)t  urn  Omar f  feme 
Q5rujt  fyob  fid)  frol)  unb  beftemmt,  fein  2(ueje  roar  ttom  @(an$ef  fern 
Ofyr  »on  btn  l)immtifet)en  ^armonieen  trunfen,  unb  au§  bem  ©tan$e 
fd)ritt  eine  2id;t^cftalt  fyerror,  unb  jMte  fid)  t-or  ben  Sntjucf  ten ;  e§ 
roar  2tfraet,  ber  cjldnjenbe  (£nejet  ©ottes. —  &ttio>t  mit  mir  auf 
biefen  rotten  ^trafyten  in  bie  2Bot)nuncj  ber  (Setigen,  rief  bie  fuffe 
<&timme,  benn  bu  fyaft  e£  buret)  beinen  (Sbetmutl)  wrbient/  ba$  <para* 
bie§  mit  feinen  Seticjfeiten  §u  fefyauen. 

£err,  fprad)  Omar  jitternb,  roie  fott  id)  bir  at§  ein  <Sterbttd)er 
fotam  f onnen  ?  Qftein  irbifefyer  2ei6  ijl  nod)  nid)t  oon  mir  genoms 
men* 

@ieO  mir  beine  ipanb,  fprad)  bie  5id)tcjeftatt.  —  Omar  reicfyte  fie 
mit  bebenbem  Sntjucfen,  unb  fie  roanbetten  auf  ben  rotten  ©trafylen 
burd)  bk  ^Botfen,  jroifefyen  ben  Sternen  l)inburcf?^  unb  bie  fiiffen 
$one  ajmjen  fytnter  ifynen,  unb  93?ore]enrotf)  fegte  fid)  in  it)ren  2Eec> 
unb  QMumenbufte  rouv^ten  bie  2uft. 

^>(o|tiet)  roarb  ee  %lad)t,  Omar  fd)rie  taut  auf;  unb  laa,  in  bicfer 
ftinjternijj  unten  am  $u£e  be§  fteilen  $etfen  mit  $erfel)metterten 
&rmen.  £>er  9Q?onb  fyob  fid)  eben  bunt'etrott)  fyinter  einem  ^uejet 
l;crt>orf  unb  roarf  bie  erften  ungeroiffen  Straiten  in  ba$  *yetfentt)a{. 

O  tet)  breimat  Uncjtudtidjer !  rief  Omar  jammernb  au$,  ats  er 
feine  Qxfinnuna,  roieber  gefammelt. —  £atte  ber  £immet  niet)t  ejenua, 
an  meinem  Slenbe,  ba$  er  miet)  in  einem  (ita/aerifeben  Sraume  r-on 
ber  @pi|e  be§  ftetfen  fd)(eubertf  meine@(ieber  jev6rid)t;  bamitid)  bem 
ipuna,er  jum  diaubt  roerben  foil?  —  Q5e(ot)nt  er  fo  bat>  93citteiben^ 
baS  id)  mit  einem  (rtenben  l;atte?  —  2Ber  roar  jematS  ungtueflie^er 
alt  id)? 

Sine  ©ejratt  fet)(eppte  fiet)  mut)fam  ucrufcer,  bk  er  fur  ben  Q3ettter 


190  INTRODUCTION   TO    THE   STUDY 

crfannte,  bem  er  ben  9vejr  feineS  %$wnh$kn§  o,ea,eben  f>atte,  Omar 
ricf  il;n  jammcrnb  an,  er  folic  bie  2£ol)ltl)at,  bit  er  oon  it;tn  empfan* 
a,en,  mit  ifym  ttyeilen,  aber  ber  ivruppel  feud)te  g(ei$g6ftig  in  feinem 
SfBege  roeiter,  unb  Omar  nmfctt  nid)tf  ob  er  ilm  nid)t  ad)ort  l;a6e, 
ober  fid)  nur  oerfrelle,  urn  em  9ted)t  §u  fyaben,  fid)  ntcht  urn  it)n  §u 
f limmern.  Q5in  k$  nun  nid)t  elenber  als  biefer  2Serworfene  ?■  flagte 
Omar  burd)  bie  9^ad;t.  2£er  roirb  fid)  meiner  erbarmen,  ba  mir 
nun  alles  cjenommen  i)T>  was  mid)  nod)  trojTen  fcnnte  ? 

(h*  feuftte  tief  unb  feine  2Crmt  fcfymerjten  il)n>  wie  ajiifyenb  $euer 
Brannte  e6  in  ben  Qkbeinen,  unb  jeber  ^ittyem^ua,  c\cib  il;m  ^Vin.  £r 
uberfeaft  fd)roei<jenb  fein  Sd)iiffa{,  unb  bad)te  jefet  $uerjt  roieber  an 
feinen  S-Bruber. — 

Or  roo  bijt  bit  @bclmutl)ia,er!  rief  er  au$,  t>icttcidf>t  fyat  bid)  ba§ 
Cd)roert  bee>  ^ob^ngelsj  fd;on  a,etroffeiv  bci$  <£(enb  fyatbid)  oielleid)t 
in  ber  brucfenbfhm  5(rmutl)  wrjefyft,  unb  bu  fyajr  in  ber  Sobeejtunbe 
beinem  armen  Q5ruber  gcftuct)t« — 2(d)  id)  l)aOe  eS  urn  bid)  oerbient, 
id)  leibe  jefet  tit  Strafe  fur  meinen  Unbanf>  fur  meine  £artl)er(u'a,s 
Uit,  ber  Jpimmel  ift  ^erecbt !  —  Unb  id)  fonnte  nod)  fo  frofy  einfyer* 
$el)n,  unb  ©ott  $um  Seuam  meiner  $ua,enb  anrufen? —  O  £ims 
mel!  oerajeb  bem  ©unbsty  ber  fid)  ol;ne  SLfturren  beiner  3ud)tiauna, 
unterroirft. 

Omar  oerlor  fid)  in  truben  ©ebanfen,  er  erinnerte  ftd>  mit 
roeld)er  bruberlicfyen  2itbt  il)n  5ft  a  d)  m  ub  bamaB,  aU  er  $um  erjkn* 
male  oerarmet  roar/  aufamommen  fyatte,  er  roarf  fid)  oor,  baf,  er  e$ 
unterlajjen  fyabt  il)n  $u  retten,  unb  auf  bitft  %vt  feinen  £>anf  fleam 
feinen  SSruber  ab^ubejafylen ;  er  roiinfd)te  ben  Sob  att  ba$  (£nbe  fei* 
ner  Strafe  unb  feiner  £eiben. 

£)er  9JJ  onb  erleu.btete  bit  ®et]enb  fyetf,  unb  cine  fleine  Ciararoane 
ban  etnigert  ifamceten  §09  fid)  (angfam  burd)  bas  Xtyal  2>ie  2itbt 
$um  Seben  crroacfyte  bti  Omnr,  er  rief  bie  2>oriiberc}ef)enben  mit 
ndfl(id)er  etimme  11111  .f:ulfe  an.  ©can  fea,te  ityn  Oel)utfam  au\  tin 
&kmtdf  urn  in  ber  ndd)jren  'Ztabt  feine  SSSunben  oerbinben  ju  lap 
fen,  bit  bit  (Sarawane  mit  bem  2(nbrud)  be§  SticjeS  erreid)te.  2)er 
^aufmann  yerpffe^te  ben  Un<]lud(id)en  felbjT;  unb  Omar  erf'annte 
in  il)m  feinen  Q3ruber.  ^eine  3>efd)dmunfl  roar  oI)ne  ©ren^eiv  fo 
mie  bci§  SDlitleiben  93J  a  d)  mu  b  g.  2)er  eine  33ruber  bat  urn  2Ser* 
jeil)untv  «nb  ber  anbere  tyatti  fd)on  r-er^eben;  Sfyrdnen  ffoffen  oon 
bem  5(nj]efid)te  beibetv  unb  bie  rul;renbfte  23erfo(;nunij  roarb  ^roifd)en 
tl;nen  gefeiert. 

93Zad)mub  l)atte  fid)  nad)  feiner  25erarmunfl  nad)  3^p«l)an 
^eroanbtr  unb  roar  ba  mit  einem  alten  reid;en  .ftaufmann  bffannt 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  191 

geroerben,  ter  ifyrt  fcatb  (ie&  geroann  unb  tyn  mit  feinem  SSermeom 
unteriTiifcte,  3)a3  ©li'icf  roar  bem  PScrrrie&enen  gd'nfttg;  unb  er  er* 
fangte  fein  wrfomeS  SBerrhogen  in  ftir^r  &it  roieber;  fein  alter 
SBcblthdter  frarb,  unb  fe|te  ifyit  gum  ($?ben  ein, — 

SCI©  Omar  ad)eilt  roar,  reifre  er  mit  feinem  25ruber  nad)  3fipas 
\)cmr  roo  il;m  biefer  eine  neue  Jjanbhmg  einrid;tete.  Omar  uer* 
mdt)lte  fid)  unb  rergafc  nie,  wit  utet  2Danf  er  feinem  Q3ruber  fdjulbia, 
fei.  33eibe  leOten  »on  biefer  3eit  an  in  ber  groften  £intrad)t/  unb 
roaren  fur  bie  cjan^e  ;&tabt  ein  Sftujrer  ber  fcruberlidjen  2ie6e. 


®  a  §    ©  d)  a  f * 

S(I§  Jupiter  ba#  fteft  feiner  SSermdtjtung  feierte,  unb  alle  $l;iere 
tym  @efd)enfe  6rad)ten,  t>ermijste  3uno  t>a$  (gcbaf. 

2£o  fcleifct  ba§  @djaf  ?  fraa,te  bie  @cttin.  2£arum  tterfdumt  ba§ 
fromme  @d)aj>  unS  fein  rootylmeinenbes  ©efcfyenf  ju  6rina,en  ? 

Unb  ber  ipunb  nafym  ba$  2£ort  unb  fprad):  Surne  nidbt,  ©ettt'ni 
3d)  I)rt6e  bas  (gcfyaf  nod)  fyeute  flefefyen;  ^  war  fel;r  fcetruot,  unb 
jammerte  laut. 

Unb  roarum  jammerte  ba$  <2d;af?  fragte  tk  fd)on  a,erul;rte 
©cttin. 

3d)  drmffe,  fo  fprad)  e3.  3d)  fyafce  je|t  roeber  SOBolle,  nod) 
SD^tlcb ;  roas  roerbe  kb  bem  Jupiter  fdjenfen?  Sett  id)  allein  leer 
t?or  il)m  erfd)einen  ?  SieOer  will  id)  l;ina,el;en;  unb  tm  Jptrtert  uitten, 
baft  er  mid)  il)m  cpfere ! 

3nbem  brana,  mit  @e&et,  ber  9vaud)  be§  a/opferten  <2d)afe3, 
bem  Jupiter  ein  fiiffer  ©erucfv  burd)  bie  SOBotfen.  Unb  jefct  bdtte 
3uno  bie  erfte  $l;rdne  a,eroeintf  roenn  Sfyrdnen  ein  unfterulid)e$ 
2lua,e  6ene§ten. 

2  effing. 


GERMAN    GRAMMAR. 


ALPHABET  AND  PRONUNCIATION. 


I. 

Letters. 

Usual  names. 

English. 

%?at 

ah, 

A,  a 

hrt, 

bay, 

B,  b. 

<£,Cr 

tsay, 

C,  c. 

$VW 

day, 

D,  d. 

®,t, 

a, 

E,  e. 

%tft 

ef, 

F,f. 

®,Qr 

ghay, 

G,g. 

$f> 

hah, 

H,h. 

%i, 

e, 

I,i. 

%i, 

yot, 

J,j. 

sr,f, 

kah, 

K,k. 

hu 

el, 

L,l. 

$)l,  m, 

em, 

M,  m. 

ftftt, 

en, 

N,n. 

O,o, 

o, 

0,o. 

toft 

pay, 

P,p. 

dr  <\r 

koo, 

Q,q. 

%K 

err, 

R,r. 

e,i($),* 

ess, 

S,  s. 

tit, 

tay, 

T,t. 

U,u, 

oo, 

U,  u. 

S5f  »f 

fow, 

V,v. 

2B,  tt), 

vay, 

W,w. 

X,  jr, 

iks, 

X,  x. 

$r*r 

ipsilon, 

Y,y. 

3f  &r 

tsett, 

Z,  z. 

*  $  is  used  only  at  the  end  nf  words. 


*  GERMAN    GRAMMAR. 

THE  SOUNDS  OF  THE  LANGUAGE. 

§    1.    VOWELS    AND   DIPTHONGS. 

A.   Vowels. 
The  vowels  in  German  are  either  long  or  short ;  a  distinction  which 
determines  the  relative  duration,  but  not  the  nature  of  the  sound, 
a — an  intermediate  sound  between  a  in  rather,  and  a  in  awe;  it  is 

long  in  S^atf),  advice ; 

short  in  9?anb,  margin, 
a — nearly  like  ai  in  hair  ;  it  is 

long  in  &>ater,  fathers; 

short  in  .ftaltc,  cold. 
C — nearly  like  a  in  hate ;  yet  closer ;  it  is 

long  in  svftecr,  sea  ; 

short  in  nicjfcn,  to  measure. 
The  c  after  i  in  the  same  syllable  merely  protracts  the  sound  of  the  t,  as 

in  ptcl),  thief, 
i — like  e  in  wheel ;  it  is 

long  in  ruir,  we  ; 

short  in  Stfch,  table. 
0 — like  o  in  odor  ;  it  is 

long  in  tcOcn,  to  praise ; 

short  in  ©chlop,  castle. 
6 — like  the  French  eu  in  |?eMr,  has  no  corresponding  sound  in  English ;  it  is 

long  in  JRchrcn,  pipes; 

short  in  Sopfc,  pots. 
U — like  oo  in  boon,  and  w  in  /mZZ  ;  it  is 

long  in  S3  ruber,  brother; 

short  in  SSunfcc,  wound. 
U,  r; — like  the  French  uinvu;  it  has  no  corresponding  sound  in  English 

it  is 

long  in  £utc,  hats; 

short  in  £uttc,  cottage. 
Observation.  The  doubling  of  vowels  protracts  the  sound,  as  in  (gecfe,  soul 

B.  Dipthongs. 
Ct,  (ett) — like  i  in  mine;  as  in  (Schctn,  splendor. 
01,  (ai)) — more  open  than  ei;  ex.  deafer,  emperor. 

Ot,  (OB) — as  oi  in  hoist,  alloy ;  it  occurs  only  in  proper  names,  as  SScrjCr. 
lit,  (ui)) — nearly  as  we;  it  very  seldom  occurs,  ex.  pfut !  fy  ! 
Cttl — nearly  as  ou  in  house  ;  ex.  20?ailv,  mouse. 
CU — comes  nearest  to  the  sound  of  oi  in  noise  ;  ex.  SrCUC,  faith. 

§   2.    CONSONANTS. 

A.  Single  Consonants. 

1.  Labials. 

p — like  |) ;  ex.  Sjprtcfter,  priest. 

6 — generally  like  6 ;  as  in  23arEe,  bark,  at  the  end  of  words  like  bp,  as  m 

9?au6,  robbery. 
ttt — like  m  ;  ex.  gamut,  lamb, 
ru — nearly  like  v  ;  ex.  SSeinrcftc,  vme« 


GERMAN    GRAMMAR.  O 

2.  Labio-dentals. 

f/  5/  p^— like  /(  ex.  fctt,  fat. 

plj  is  chiefly  intended  to  represent  the  Greek  $. 

0  has  the  English  sound  of  v  in  words  of  Latin  origin,  as 
StfODCmbct,  November ;  in  all  genuine  German  words  t)  and  f  have 
the  same  sound. 

d^Palatals. 
t— like  t ;  ex.  £urf  e,  Turk. 

t— like  d  ;  as  in  fctcf,  thick  ;  at  the  end  of  words  like  dt,  as  in  runt),  round, 
n — like  n ;  ex.  nun,  now — n  becomes  a  nasal  sound  when  followed  by 

Q  or  i  ;  ex.  long,  long, 
t— like  1 ;  ex.  Ctftc,  list. 

4.  Linguals. 
t — like  the  Irish  r ;  SHanf,  rank. 

f — has  not  the  sharp  hissing  sound  of  the  English  s,  but  approaches  the 

English  z  ;  ex.  (SonttcnfxctS,  zodiac. 
When  used  as  addition  to  the  f  (£)  the  3  is  never  pronounced  ;  it  is 

sounded  in  some  instances  like  f£,  or  a  simple  f. 
fd) — like  sh  ;  ex.  (Schulct,  scholar. 

The  soft  sound  zh  is  heard  only  in  words  taken  from  the  French 

language,  as  ©entC,  genius;  ^age,  Pa?e- 
cf) — when  it  is  preceeded  by  a,  6,  U,  C,  i,  or  a  consonant,  is  a  lingual  formed 

in  the  fore  part  of  the  mouth  and  has  no  corresponding  sound  in 

English ;  ex.  $(ad)e,  plain ;  £ed)t,  pike ;  ntcfytS,  nothing.     Its  sound 

is  like  the  Spanish  x  in  xifero. 

5.  Grutturals. 

I,  (j  and  sometimes  c  and  d) — are  pronounced  like  A:;  ex.  ^arottttC, Caroline ; 
£lUQ!er,  quaker ;  (Sfjttft,  Christian;  (Stcbit,  credit. 

Q — in  the  beginning  of  words,  like  g  hard,  as  in  ©cijl,  ghost ;  at  the  end 
and  sometimes  in  the  midst  of  a  word  it  has  an  intermediate  sound 
between  g  hard,  and  the  lingual  d)  in  £echt,  pike:  ©chtag,  blow; 
SBcgc,  ways ;  at  the  close  of  a  syllable  it  sounds  like  g  in  bringing  ; 
ex.  bttngen,  to  bring. 

d) — when  preceded  by  a,  0  or  u,  is  formed  in  the  throat  and  sounded  like 
j  in  the  Spanish  word  oveja ;  or  like  the  ch  in  the  Scotch  word 
Loch  ;  ex.  ted),  yet. 

f) — like  h,  when  it  begins  a  syllable,  as  in  bed),  high  ;  after  a  vowel,  in  the 
midst  or  at  the  end  of  a  syllable  it  is  not  sounded,  and  merely  pro- 
tracts the  sound  of  the  preceding  vowel,  as  in  Sfftoot",  moor ;  it  is 
entirely  lost  after  t  and  r ;  ex.  Sljat,  deed. 

B.  Compound  Consonants. 

f,  H,  or  cf£,  and  sometimes  ch>o — like  ks  ;  ex.  ?Cvty  ax ;  d)  is  sounded  like 
r,  when  the  $>  belonged  originally  to  the  same  syllable,  as  in 
^(acbS,  flax ;  but  when  the  final  5  is  added  by  a  change  of  termina- 
tion, as  in  bag  $ad),  the  shelf,  genetive,  fccS  <f  acbS,  °f  the  shelf,  the 
original  sound  of  cb  is  preserved. 

I,  t£,  and  sometimes  c  and  t — are  pronounced  like  ts ;  as  3df)l/  number; 
bicfjetfrp,  on  this  side. 

(£,  is  pronounced  like  3  (ts),  when  it  precedes  c,  X,  a,  0,  XX,  x)\ 
ex.  ©afar,  Caesar. 


OF  THE  GERMAN  LANGUAGE.  195 

$£  is  commonly  pronounced  like  3,  in  words  of  Latin  origin,  when 
the  t  is  followed  by  i  and  another  vowel ;  ex.  Station,  ration, 
fit — both  letters  are  sounded;  as  in  ^ntc,  knee, 
gn — both  letters  are  sounded  ;  as  in  iBecmabtguna,,  pardon. 
pfl — the  three  letters  are  sounded ;  as  in  spfluQ,,  plow, 
fcfyrtf — the  two  sounds,  fcb,  and  \v,  ©cbmtnfccln,  swindle. 

Observation.     The    doubling    of   Consonants    makes    the    sound 
stronger  j  as  in  SKetter,  savior. 


GENERAL  RULES. 

1.  Each  letter  is  pronounced  in  every  word,  each  sound  is  constantly  re- 
presented  by  the  same  letter,  and  each  letter  has  only  one  sound.  A  few 
exceptions  have  been  mentioned  in  the  former  sections. 

2.  The  accent  almost  always  falls  on  the  root  syllable. 

3.  Syllables,  whenever  it  is  possible,  begin  with  a  consonant,  which  in 
derivatives  is  often,  for  this  purpose,  taken  from  the  root,  and  thereby  some- 
times changes  its  pronunciation :  thus,  23 rob,  l°af,  pronounced  23t0t,  becomes 
in  the  plural  93rot»C,  the  d  resuming  its  soft  sound. 


CONTENTS. 

1.  The  moon,  by  J.  P.  F.  Richter 5 

2.  Image  and  sign  is  not  the  essence,  by  Krummacher 6 

3.  The  Abderites,  by  Wieland . . . .  9 

4.  From  Gothe's  Egmont 12 

5.  Character  of  Hamlet,  by  Gbthe 16 

6.  Shakspeare,  by  Gbthe 21 

7.  Heyne's  childhood 22 

8.  William  Tell  and  Gessler,  by  Zschocke 24 

9.  The  condemnation  and  execution  of  Conradin,  by  Raumer 28 

10.  The  destination  of  man,  by  Fichte 36 

11.  The  Poet,  by  Gbthe 39 

12.  The  New-years  night  of  an  unhappy  (man),  by  Richter 44 

13.  The  rich  Man,  by  Jacobs 48 

14.  Bill  of  Philadelphus  Philadelphia,  by  Lichtenberg 68 

15.  The  statue  of  the  Vaticanian  Apollo,  by  Winkelman 72 

16.  On  the  History  of  Frederick  II,  by  Muller 75 

17.  Confessions,  by  Reinhard 83 

18.  Duke  of  Alba  and  Catharine  of  Schwarzburg,  by  Schiller 89 

19.  Palemon,  by  Gessner 96 

20.  Mirtil,  by  Gessner 101 

21.  Francesco  Francia,  by  Wackenroder    ]  04 

22.  The  Brothers,  by  Lewis  Tieck 116 

23.  The  Sheep,  by  Lessing 140 


